International Journal of Education and Management Studies

Jyoti Rani ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ², Rashmi Tyagi ²

Affiliations
1 Dayanad College, Hisar Haryana, IN
2 Department of Sociology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities CC S Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Empowerment of women would mean equipping women to be economically independent and personally self-reliant with a positive self-esteem to enable them to face any difficult situation. Moreover, they should be able to contribute to the development activities of the country. For empowering women economically, we need to enlarge her choices and access to various opportunities and also build her capacity for taking up successfully income generating activities and compete favourably in the market. Women's role in agriculture is significant as more than 80 per cent of the economically active women are engaged in agriculture and allied activities. This trend still continues. It is fact that women grow half of the world's food but own hardly any land. The need of empowering women for rural development can hardly be under-estimated. Rural women should be empowered in all respects. That is why it requires a specific study to know the status of rural women at macro level. Women's share in various segments during census might be showing a low degree participation, however, in practice, women hold substantial share in the work force of various sectors viz. 90 per cent in informal sector, 70 per cent in agriculture sector, 35.33 per cent in allied sector, 46.1 per cent in the khadi village industries, 65.5 per cent in handloom and sericulture.

Keywords

Empowerment, Entrepreneur, Development

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Subhash Chander ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹, V. P. Mehta ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Agriculture Economics, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Rural indebtedness has deep ischolar_mains in the country. The mounting burden of rural debt has crippled the rural economy. Agricultural strategies are mainly related to farmers with large land holdings. The facilities are not accessible to small and marginal farmers. These conditions adversely affected the small and marginal farmers as they are vulnerable to crop losses and price fall. They take loan to fulfill their agricultural and non-agricultural needs. Therefore, the issue of farmers' indebtedness becomes a matter of intense debate for whole of the country and as well as for Haryana. In this background, the present study was conducted to assess the status of farmers' indebtedness in the Southern region of Haryana State in detail. The results of the study indicate that an average amount of loan of Rs. 162087.00 was taken by respondents from institutional sources and non-institutional (Rs. 67865.00) for the purpose of agricultural and non-agricultural needs. It was suggested that respondents should be motivated for taking loan from institutional sources of loan and encouraged to adopt crop insurance scheme.

Keywords

Nature, Extent, Source, Payment Pattern and Rate of Interest.

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Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Rashmi Tyagi ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Direct seeded rice (DSR), most likely older method of crop establishment, is gaining popularity because of its low-input demand. It offers certain advantages i.e. it saves labour, requires less water, less drudgery, early crop maturity, low production cost, better soil physical conditions for following crops and less methane emission, provides better option to be the best fit in different cropping systems. Comparative yields in DSR can be obtained by adopting various cultural practices like, selection of suitable cultivars, proper sowing time, optimum seed rate, proper weed and water management. It can also be stated that soil problems related to rice and following crops can be solved with direct seeding. There are several constraints associated with shift from PTR to DSR, such as high weed infestation, evolution of weedy rice, increase in soil borne pathogens, nutrient disorders, poor crop establishment, lodging, incidence of blast, brown leaf spot etc. By overcoming these constraints DSR can prove to be a very promising, technically and economically feasible alternative to PTR. The contextual matrix and constraints associated with adoption of DSR are discussed in this paper. The study was conducted in Kurukshetra district of Haryana state. From this district, two blocks namely Thanesar and Pehowa were selected randomly. The data presented that constraints regarding input and marketing perceived by respondents was high cost of seed and 'lack of marketing facilities in village1 ranked first constraint, respectively

Keywords

Direct Seeded Rice, Low-Input Demand, Comparative Yields, Constraints.

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Vijay Kumar ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

We investigated the patterned of children's television viewing, i.e., with whom children watch television programme, duration without feeling fatigue, parents restraining from television watching, television behavior during a guest/ friend visit and factors affecting the viewing pattern. The study was conducted on 100 boys of Bhiwani district of Haryana state in which 50 boys from rural and 50 boys were urban. The data was analyzed by applying frequency, percentages and chi-square. The study showed majority of the respondents viewed television with their family members, 38.0 per cent of the respondents viewed television up to 2 hrs without feeling any fatigueness, more than two third of the respondents were restrained by their parents. When a guest/friend visit them 54.0 per cent of the respondents continue television viewing in rural areas while urban students pay regards to their guest/friends and calculated chi-square value was significant at 5% level of significance.

Keywords

Children, Television Viewing, Family Members, Fatigue, Restrained.

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Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹, Subhash Chander ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, COBS CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Eve teasing or sexual harassment of women in public places is one of the most challenging community problems in India which inhibits liberalization of women and deprives them of basic human rights. Women faced different types of psychological problems due to eve-teasing. The WHO defines health as a complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease. Whether victimization is due to the behavior of an individual or small group of men or the generalized threat to all women, eve teasing has serious effect on the safety, psycho-social well-being, and human rights of women. This research paper conducts to know the nature, extent, effect and consequences of eve-teasing against rural girls. The study was conducted among 200 respondents in rural area of Kurukshetra district of Haryana state through survey method. Out of 200 respondents, 110 respondents (55.0%) faced the evil practice of eve-teasing. Respondents who faced this problem, majority of them faced it promptly at bus stand (75.45%). Common form of eve-teasing was passing remarks got first rank. Regarding psychological well-being 41.81% women felt low in personal growth. More than one-fourth of the respondents (27.27%) showed their self- confidence by verbally threatened the accused, majority of respondents (46.87%) reported irritable bowel syndrome. Majority of respondents (46.87%) reported irritable bowel syndrome as physical consequence and had anxiety (32.29%) as psychological consequences.

Keywords

Eve-Teasing, Self-Confidence, Well-Being, Physical and Psychological Consequences.

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