International Journal of Education and Management Studies

Ashok Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Singhania University, Rajasthan, IN

Abstract

The present study is an aimed to fmd out level of anxiety and locus of control among individual and team goal players across their level of performance at national and international level. Sinha Anxiety Scale was administered to fmd out the level of anxiety. Rotter's scale on Locus of Control (LOC) was used to assess LOC among the players. Obtained score were analyzed with the help oft-test. Result reveled that there was significant difference in anxiety and locus of control among individual and team goal players across their level of performance.

Keywords

Anxiety, Locus of Control, Sports

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Ashok Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Singhania University, Rajasthan, IN

Abstract

Athletes participating in sports experience different levels of stress from competitive sports. For most young athletes (generally 13 to 24 years old, i.e., high-school and college age group) sport participation is reported to be no more stressful than many other activities of daily student or work life in general where competition is involved and performance is measured. Some level of sport related performance anxiety is considered to be normal and healthy; however, extreme anxiety in athletes can be detrimental in these performance situations. A number of factors may contribute to the development, severity, and persistence of performance anxiety related to sport participation. The current study examined anxiety and adjustment among individual and team goal players across their level of performance.

Keywords

Anxiety, Adjustment, Sports

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Ashok Kumar ¹, Krishan Kumar ¹, Rajesh Kumar ², Subhash Chander ³

Affiliations
1 CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 University Press, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
3 COA, Kaul, IN

Abstract

Extension is one of the three major mandates of the CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar along with research and teaching. Krishi melas are major extension tool in transferring latest technologies to farming community for their overall welfare. It is gaining momentum over the years. A large amount of money and manpower has been involved in organizing this extension activity by the University twice every year (Rabi & Kharif). The study was conducted during Krishi melas (Rabi & Kharif) organized by Directorate of Extension Education, CCSHAU, Hisar at university campus during the year 2015-16. Randomly selected farmers (200 farmers) from the Krishi Melas were interview with the help of a well-structured interview schedule. About 17.5 per cent and 33 per cent of the respondents were fully satisfied and satisfied, respectively. Majority of the respondents (57.5 per cent) were willing to attend the next Krishi Melas. Most of the farmers suggested that latest high yielding varieties (HYV) of seeds should be available (61.50 per cent) and buzz session should be well planned with more duration (51 per cent). Many valuable suggestions were suggested by the farmers to enhance the utility of these melas as extension tool.

Keywords

Farmers Fair, Agro-Industrial Exhibition, Crop-Competition, HYV Seeds, etc.

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Anil Kumar ¹, Ashok Kumar Godara ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, Jitender Kumar Bhatia ¹

Affiliations
1 Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The study was conducted in purposively selected Jhajjar districts of Haryana state (India) with selected 33 number of Photovoltaic Water Pumping System (PWPS) adopted farmers from this district, and an equal number of non beneficiaries adjoining to the beneficiaries' farm were also selected. In this way a total number of 66 respondents i.e. 33 beneficiaries and 33 non-beneficiaries were included in the sample for the study. A significant majority of respondents two third (60.6 %) had medium level of technical knowledge, general knowledge (57.58%) and overall knowledge (54.54 %) by the adopted respondents. In case of non adopted respondents, had low level of technical knowledge (78.78 %), general knowledge (66.67 %) and three-fourth of farmers (69.69 %) overall knowledge. Majority of respondents 57.57% and 51.51% had favourable attitude in case of adopted and non-adopted, respectively. Land holding, education, socio-economic status, extension contact, source of income, risk orientation and change proneness were found to have positive and significant correlation ship. However, in case of non adopted farmers' socio-economic status and risk orientation were found to have positive and significant correlation ship. The regression coefficient of adopted farmers' Land holding, education, socio-economic status, extension contact, source of income, risk orientation were found to have positive and significant regression coefficient. However, in case of non adopted farmers, In case of non adopted farmers, socio- economic status and extension contact had positive and significant regression coefficient with the farmers' knowledge level.

Keywords

Knowledge, Attitude and Photovoltaic Water Pumping System.

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Anil Kumar ¹, Ashok Kumar Godara ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, Jitender Kumar Bhatia ¹

Affiliations
1 Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The study was conducted in purposively selected Hisar, Rohtak and Jhajjar districts of Haryana state with selected 61, 47 and 33 numbers of PWPS adopted farmers from each district, respectively and an equal number of non beneficiaries adjoining to the beneficiaries' farm were also selected. In this way a total number of 282 respondents i.e. 141 beneficiaries and 141 non-beneficiaries were included in the sample for the study. Due to adoption of PWPS at farmers' field, during the Rabi season the maximum decrease in area (4.41%) was observed in wheat crop. The area under barseem, mustard and barley was decreased to 3.31, 2.48 and 0.67 per cent, respectively. Whereas, the area under vegetables (9.06%) and horticulture (1.82%) was increased. The same trend were also observed during the Kharif season as the area under traditional crop namely cotton, rice and bajra was decreased up to 9.38,1.53 and 1.26 per cent, respectively. However, the area under vegetable (6.63%), horticulture (2.66%), sugarcane (1.91%) and jawar (0.97%) was increased due to adoption of PWPS.

Keywords

Diversified, Photovoltaic Water Pumping Irrigation System, Knowledge and Best Farming.

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Ashok Kumar ¹, Poonam Rani ¹, Krishan Kumar ¹, Sonu Kumar ¹, Harjinder Singh Nathal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of HDFS, COHS, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

In the present paper an attempt has been made to study to acquire information regarding behaviour and feedback of farmers visiting farmers' fair of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The present study was conducted at CCSHAU, Hisar main campus. It was concluded that the main source of information about farmers' fair was friends and relatives (41.50%) followed by fellow farmers (37%). However in case knowledge level of farmers regarding farmers' fair activities was seeds sale (84.00%) followed by agro-industrial exhibition (83.50%). In case of purpose of visiting farmers' fair to purchase high yielding varieties of seeds (53.50%) was the main purpose followed by visit to agro-industrial exhibition (51%). Private organisations ranked first with weighted mean score (2.78) followed by agro-industrial (2.41).

Keywords

Agriculture, Buzz Session, Fair, Farmers', Information, Technology.

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Ashok Kumar ¹, P. S. Shehrawat ¹, Anil Malik ¹, Rajesh Kumar ², Rajender Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 ATP O/o ADP, CCS Haryana, Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
3 CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Knowledge and information are the most essential inputs of the era and must be effectively communicated to the farmers to respond successfully to the opportunities and challenges of social economic and technological changes for the improvement of agricultural productivity, food security and rural livelihoods. Agricultural Technology Information Centre (ATIC) came into existence at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar in February 2002. Since then it is providing free advisory to the farming community of the state on various aspect of agriculture and allied fields. The present study was conducted for identify the problem of cotton growers by using of toll tree number of ATIC . farmers call on the toll tree number of ATIC per month. Majority ofthe callers are from Haryana state. The cotton growers were selected from the list available inATIC by using random sampling from district Hisar and Sirsa, two leading cotton growing districts of Haryana. It was concluded that the more call from Hisar District compare to Sirsa District. 45.00 percent and 37.50 percent of the cotton growers identified the major problem related to Insect-pest identified by Hisar and Sirsa District respectively.

Keywords

ATIC, Toll Free Number, Cotton Grower, Problem.

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Virender Singh ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, Krishan Yadav ¹, Rajesh Kumar ², Anil Malik ¹, Rajinder Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Extension Education, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 ATP O/o ADP, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN
3 CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) is known as king of fruits. It belongs to the family Anacardiaceae and genus Mangifera. In Haryana, the maximum area under mango cultivation is in Yamunanagar district with 5419 hectare followed by Ambala, Panchkula, andKamal. The production of mango in Yamunanagar is 60.02 thousand MT. The present study was conducted in Yamunanagar district of Haryana. This area was selected purposely because of maximum area under mango fruit crops. Further two blocks, Chhachhrauli and Jagadhari were selected purposively from Yamunanagar district and from each block two villages were selected randomly and thereby a total number of four villages was selected for data collection. Thirty mango grower farmers were selected randomly from each village for the study and thus, a total number of 120 farmers were interviewed. The specific objectives ofthe present study were socio-economic status, knowledge, adoption and the constraints in adoption of post-harvest management practices by mango growers. The data were collected with the help of well-structured interview schedule..Twelve important independent variables such as age, education, socio-economic status, caste, family size, occupation of respondents, annual income, land holdings, farm implements, mass media exposure, extension contacts, and irrigation facilities were selected for the study. The study revealed that majority of the farmers were middle aged and belonged to general caste, more than ha lf of the respondents were educated matric to graduate and one-third of respondents had family members up to 5. Most of them were engaged in farming and nearly two-third per cent of the respondents had annual income above Rs. 1 lakh. More than h a lf of the farmers belonged to medium to high level of socio-economic status. Majority ofthe farmers belonged to low to medium level of mass media and extension contacts. More than half of the farmers used tube well as source of irrigation.

Keywords

Adoption, Constraints, Respondents, Mango Grower, Marketing, Production.

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Anil Kumar Malik ¹, A. K. Godara ², Sunil Kumar ³, Sube Singh ⁴, Ashok Kumar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Extension Education CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Extension Education CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN
3 Department of Seed Science and Technology CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN
4 Extension Education, Directorate of Extension Education, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Radio plays a very significant role in the lives of young people, as it informs, educates and entertains its audience, and information derived from radio is used for decision making, logical argument, and more. Considering its importance, an exploratory study was carried out with 200 agricultural students selected from three constituents colleges of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar through proportionate random sampling method using a structured interview schedule. Empirical data were tabulated and analyzed with the help of appropriate statistical tools by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings of the study revealed that almost two-fifth of the students (39.68 %) listened radio 'rarely' for 'up to 30 min per day'. Moreover, majority of students (93.65%) listened radio for entertainment purpose, followed by current affair information and news channels, etc.

Keywords

Agricultural Students, Radio, Utilization Pattern.

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Preety Sihan ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, Satyakaam Malik ², Rajesh Kumar ¹, Anil Kumar ³, K.K. Yadav ¹, Jasvinder Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 EEI Nelokheri, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Nelokheri, Haryana, IN
3 KVK Yamunanagar, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Nelokheri, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) serves as the primary staple food for over half of the world's population and is believed to be the first cultivated crop globally. In Asia, 90-95 per cent of the world's total rice production occurs. Burning crop residues not only results in economic loss but also causes environmental pollution, poses hazards to human health, produces greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming, and leads to the loss of plant nutrients such as N, P, K, and S. Agricultural byproducts, such as crop residues, can be repurposed for a multitude of applications, such as bioenergy, biofuel, briquetting, pelleting, composting, and various industrial uses. In order to maintain sustainable soil health over extended periods of time, it is recommended that a significant proportion of crop residues be conserved either by leaving them on the soil surface or by integrating them into the soil. Therefore, proficient residue management is a critical component of the practise of conservation agriculture. Personality traits are known to influence farmers' knowledge levels; thus, this study examined the relationship between selected independent variables and farmers' knowledge and adoption levels concerning paddy straw management techniques in Haryana. The results showed that among the 11 selected independent variables, education, socio-economic status, mass media exposure, and extension contact were positively and significantly correlated with farmers' knowledge and adoption levels at a 0.01 level of probability. In contrast, landholding, farm implements, and irrigation facilities were positively but non-significantly correlated with farmers' knowledge and adoption levels concerning paddy straw management techniques. Regression analysis revealed that the selected independent variables collectively accounted for 67.33 per cent and 56.89 per cent of the variation in farmers' knowledge and adoption levels, respectively.

Keywords

paddy, residue, knowledge, adoption, correlation, regration

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Virender Singh ¹, Ashok Kumar ¹, Satyakaam Malik ², Rajesh Kumar ¹, Anil Kumar ³, K.K. Yadav ¹, Jasvinder Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 EEI Nelokheri, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Nelokheri, Haryana, IN
3 KVK Yamunanagar, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Yamunanagar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Post-harvest management is crucial for maintaining the quality and quantity of agricultural commodities after harvest. This study focuses on mango farmers in Yamunanagar district, Haryana, to improve their efficiency and scientific approach to post-harvest management practices. The study examined the relationship between selected independent variables and farmers' knowledge and adoption levels of post-harvest management practices. Results showed that education, mass media exposure, and extension contact positively correlated with farmers' knowledge and adoption levels at a 0.01 level of probability. Caste, family size, annual income, landholding, farm implements, and irrigation facilities were positively but non-significantly correlated with farmers' knowledge and adoption levels. Regression analysis revealed that the selected independent variables collectively accounted for 63.33% and 52.47% of the variation in farmers' knowledge and adoption levels, respectively.

Keywords

mango, technology, harvesting, adoption, economic, correlation, regression

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Satyakaam Malik ¹, Jasvinder Kaur ², Kailash Saini ³, Ashok Kumar ⁴, K.K. Yadav ⁴, Atul Dhingra ¹, Abhilash ⁵, Rekha Malik ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Business Management, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Extension Education Institute, Nilokheri, Karnal, Haryana, IN
3 ICAR Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Agrasain Marg, Karnal, Haryana, IN
4 Directorate of Extension Education, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
5 ICAR Central Island, Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, IN

Abstract

This research paper presents a comprehensive analysis of various aspects related to training programs in agricultural extension services. The findings reveal important insights. Firstly, the majority of trainers (83.33%) serve as resource persons, while a smaller percentage (16.67%) function as organizers, indicating the distribution of roles and responsibilities among trainers. Secondly, the data on the number of training programs conducted by trainers highlights the varying levels of experience, with a range of program frequencies reported: less than five programs (10%), five to ten programs (40%), eleven to twenty programs (30%), and more than twenty programs (20%). These results provide valuable information for evaluating trainers' expertise and capability in delivering agricultural extension training programs. Thirdly, the background analysis of participants attending the training programs indicates that a significant majority (76.67%) come from state agricultural universities or agriculture departments, while a smaller percentage have backgrounds in non-agricultural departments (13.33%) or other categories (10%). These findings contribute to understanding the target audience and tailoring training content to meet their specific needs. Additionally, the effectiveness of utilizing state departments (90%) as a means of inviting trainees is highlighted, along with a smaller proportion being invited through general circulation letters (10%), suggesting potential avenues for improving participant reach and diversity. Furthermore, the perceptions of trainers regarding H.R training as a tool for improving work performance reveal that a majority view it as a means to enhance employee efficiency (36.67%) or to change attitude, knowledge, and skills (26.67%). A smaller proportion believes it will improve agricultural production (16.67%), while 20% consider it primarily for improving technical skills. Lastly, the impact of H.R training on trainers' behaviour is explored, with 40% reporting being "too much affected," 43.33% indicating that the effect is evident, and 16.67% stating that it may affect their behavior. These findings emphasize the significance of understanding how delivering H.R training can shape trainers' behaviour. Overall, the research provides valuable insights into trainer roles, program frequency, participant backgrounds, invitation approaches, perceptions of H.R training, and its impact on trainers' behaviour in agricultural extension services, enabling informed decision-making, improved program effectiveness, and enhanced training experiences.

Keywords

agriculture, extension, impact, training, trainers.

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