A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Uthakalla, Vijaya Kumar
- An Interventional Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Oral Rehydration Therapy among Mothers of under Five Children in an Urban Slum of Rajahmundry, AP
Authors
1 Dept. of Community Medicine. GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry,A.P. 533296, IN
2 Dept. of Community Medicine at GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, AP., IN
3 Dept. of Community Medicine Allianze College of Medical Sciences, Penang, MY
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 196-199Abstract
Background: Diarrhea&dehydration is the major cause of death among the children under five years and accounts for more than 6 lakh deaths .The slum children are more vulnerable. The mothers should be educated to practice regarding ORT and care during diarrheal episodes.
Objectives:
1.To study the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding ORT among the mothers and educate them about ORT.
2. To evaluate after imparting health education.
Materials And Methods: Around 600 mothers of under five children were interviewed with the help of a pretested questionnaire. The mothers were given health education regarding Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) and care during diarrhea&followed up after three months to assess their knowledge&practice.
Results: Only 21% of the study subjects were aware of ORT which significantly increased after health education(p=0.0000).. The awareness was more among the higher educated (p<0.001). Significant number of respondents could name at least two danger signs of dehydration, home available fluids, preparation of sugar and salt solution (p< 0.001). At the end of study, significant number of the mothers could correctly demonstrate how to prepare Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) (p<0.001).
Conclusions: Most of the respondents were not aware regarding ORT and care during diarrhea which significantly increased in the follow up visit after health education. Hence IEC activities, and awareness campaigns to be intensified and organized in the slum area.
Keywords
Diarrhea, Dehydration, ORT, Home Available Fluids, Demonstration
References
- Dhaar GM, Robbani I. Foundations of Community Medicine, 2nd edition, 2008, page 40.
- Kishore J. National Health programs of India, 8th edition, 2009, Page 137.
- Govt. of India (2006), Health Information of India 2005, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi.
- Bhattacharya SK. Acute Diarrheal Diseases in children, clin Immunol, ImmunoPatol 2003, 110: 1175-1181.
- K. Park. Park's Text book of Preventive & Social Medicine, 20th edition, Feb 2009, page 194.
- WHO (2008), The Global Burden of Disease, 2004 update.
- WHO, UNICEF (2005), Clinical management of Acute Diarrhea. WHO/UNICEF joint statement.
- Gupta MC, Mahajan BK, Text book of Preventive & Social Medicine, 2003 edition, page no. 190-194.
- Govt. of India (1998), Health Information of India, 1995 & 1996,Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi.
- Zagade U.J. Sevadham Trust PVOH-II Project, IJCM, 3(1), Jan-June 1997, Page 53-55.
- Panda S. Brief Report of PVOH-II. Project of OMRAH, Cuttack, Orissa, IJCM, 3(1), Jan-June 1997, Page 82-88.
- Gopal das T, Gujral S, Mujoo R, Abbi R, Child diarrhea: Oral Rehydration & Rural mother, Nutrition, 1991 Sep- Oct 7(5): 335-9.
- N.Bhandari, Qadeer I, Bhan MK. Patterns of use of Oral Rehydration Therapy in an Urban slum community, JIMA, vol 93, no.6,Calcutta, June 1995, Pg 293-242.
- Dua T, Bahl R, Bhan MK. Lessons learnt from Diarrheal Disease Control Program & implications for the future. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 1999 Jan-Feb 66(1): 55-61.
- Bhatia V, Swami HM, Bhatia M, Bhatia SP .Attitude & practices regarding diarrhea in rural community in Chandigarh. Indian J. Pediatr, 1999, Jul-Aug 66(4): 499-503.
- Govt. of India. National Family Health Survey III (2005-06), IIPS, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Mumbai 2007.
- Gupta N, Jain SK, Ratnesh, ChawlaU, HossainS,Venkatesh S .An evaluation of Diarrheal Diseases & Acute Respiratory infections Control Programmes in a Delhi slum. Indian J Pediatrics, 2007 May: 74(5), 471-476.
- Dipika Sur, Bhattacharya SK, Acute Diarrheal Diseases - An approach to management, JIMA, volume 104, No.5, May 2006, Page 220 -222.
- Arole Sobha, Health Care at home, Footsteps 74, March 2008, www.tearfund.org/tilz
- Hanh SK, Kim YJ, Garner P. Reduced Osmolarity Oral Rehydration Solution for treating dehydration due to diarrhea in children: A systemic review, BMJ: 2001, 323: 81-85.
- Akram DS, Agboatwalla M, .J.Trop Pediatr, 1992 April 38(2), 85-87.
- Adolescent Girls and Reproductive Health: an Interventional Study in a Slum of Vijayawada, AP
Authors
1 Dept. of Community Medicine, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry,A.P. 533296, IN
2 Dept. of Community Medicine at GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, AP., IN
3 Dept. of Community Medicine Allianze College of Medical Sciences, Penang, MY
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 200-204Abstract
Background: Adolescent period is characterized by physical, mental and emotional changes to prepare for adult role in almost all aspects of life including marriage, motherhood and earning. Lack of knowledge, skills , access to contraception and vulnerability to sexual abuse, particularly among the slum dwellers, put the adolescents at high risk of unwanted pregnancy, early child birth, unsafe abortion and RTI including HIV/AIDS. Hence to avoid these problems, they should be aware regarding all aspects of reproductive health
Objectives: 1.To study the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding reproductive health among the adolescent girls and educate them about reproductive health. 2. To evaluate after imparting health education.
Materials and Methods: Around 450 adolescent girls were interviewed with the help of a pretested questionnaire. The mothers were given health education regarding various aspects of reproductive health including HIV/AIDS&followed up after three months to assess their knowledge&practice.
Results: Only 48.89% of the study subjects were aware of Reproductive Health which significantly increased after health education(p=0.000). The awareness was more among the girls whose mothers were more educated (p=0.000). Significant number of girls were practicing menstrual hygiene and were aware of contraceptives including emergency contraceptives, minimum legal of marriage, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS including modes of transmission and prevention after giving health education ( p=0.000).
Conclusions: Most of the adolescent girls were not aware regarding Reproductive health which significantly increased in the follow up visit after health education. Hence IEC activities, and awareness campaigns regarding reproductive health including HIV/AIDS to be intensified and organized in the slum area.
Keywords
Adolescent Girls, Reproductive Health, Awareness, Contraceptives, Menstrual HygieneReferences
- World Health Organization. Programming for Adolescent Health and Development. WHO Tech Rep Ser No. 886, 1996, p-2
- IIPS (2007). National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), 2005-06, Mumbai India: International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
- Senanayake P; (1995), The impact of unregulated fertility on Maternal and Child Survival, International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 50 (supplement 2).
- IIPS (2000). National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), 1998-99, Mumbai India: International Institute for population sciences, Mumbai, India.
- Youth Lens on Reproductive Health and HIV/ AIDS, No15. Article can be accessed on the World Wide Web at http://www.fhi.org/NR/ rdonlyres....
- Ashok Dyalchand. Social norms Approach addressing the Social determinants of early marriage and conception, Health for the millions, Vol.35, No. 4 & 5, pg. 40-48.
- Neeru Gupta, Sharda Jain. Teenage pregnancies - causes and concern, J Indian Med Assoc, vol.106, no.8 Aug 2008, pg. 516 - 519.
- Haldar A et al. Study of need of Awareness generation regarding a component of Reproductive and Child Health Programme. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, Vol.XXIX No. 2, Apr - Jun 2004, pg. 96 - 98.
- A.Dasgupta, M Sarkar. Menstrual Hygiene: How hygienic is the adolescent Girl, Indian Journal of Community Medicine, vol.33 No.2, Apr-Jun 2008, pg. 77 - 80.
- Avasarala AK and Panchangam S, Dysmenorrhoea in Different Settings: Are the Rural and Urban Adolescent Girls perceiving and managing the dysmenorrhoea problem differently? Indian Journal of Community Medicine, vol.33 Issue 4, Oct. 2008.
- Nair P, Grover VL, Kannan AT. Awareness and Practices of Menstrual and Pubertal changes among Unmarried Female Adolescent in a Rural Area of East Delhi. Indian J of Community Medicine, 2007, 32: 156-157
- French L. Study on Dysmenorrhoea, American Academy of Family Physicians, J Post Grad, Jan 2005.
- Jeejeebhoy S.J, 1995. What is Reproductive Health? Reproductive Health needs in India, Voices 3(2): pp 4-10.
- Majumdar Ratna & Ganguly S.K (2000). A study of adolescent girls in Pune, Health and Population Prospective and Issue, 23(2), 95-104 & 24(4).
- Gupta Neeru, Mathur AK, Singh MP, Saxena NC, Reproductive Health Awareness of school going unmarried rural adolescents. Indian J Pediatr 2004: 17; 797-801.
- Kushwas SS & Mittal A. Perception & Practice with regard to Reproductive Health among out of school Adolescents, Indian J of Community Medicine, 2007, 32, No. 2 141-143.
- Hemchandra K, Jamaluddin, L.Masih, Kfaiyaz. HIV/AIDS awareness through Mass Media, The measurements of Efforts made in an Urban area of India, Indian Journal Of Public Health, Vol 52, No. 3, Jul-Sep 2008, pg. 171.
- P.Lal, Anita Nath, S.Badhan, Gopal K Ingle. Study of awareness about HIV/AIDS among Senior Secondary school children in Delhi, Indian Journal Of Community Medicine, vol.33, Issue 3, Jul-Sep 2008, Page 190-191.
- Sodhi S, Mehta S. Level of awareness about AIDS: A comparative study of girls of two senior secondary schools of Chandigarh, Mass India, 1997, 77: 259-266.
- Brindis C.D, 2006, A Public Health Success: Understanding Policy changes related to Teen sexual activity & Pregnancy, Annual Review of Public Health, 27: pp 277-295.
- Prevalence Study of Overweight/Obesity among Adults (20-60yrs) of Rural Field Practice Area of Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad
Authors
1 GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa, IN
3 Alluri Seetha Rama Raju Academy of Medical Sciences, Eluru, IN
4 Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 245-249Abstract
BACKGROUND: There is an alarming increasing in the prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide with globalization of economics and rapid international communication. Andhra Pradesh prevalence of overweight and obesity in males is 7.2% and females are 7.8%in rural areas. The prevalence of obesity in adults is 10%in rural areas of Andhra Pradesh.
OBJECTIVE: 1. To study prevalence of overweight/obesity among adults (20-60yrs) in the field practice area of OMC, Hyderabad. 2. To study the relationship between overweight/obesity with physical activity and dietary factors.3.To study the morbidity patterns among over weight/obesity individuals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patancheruvu mandal consists of 13 villages, 3villages were selected randomly and households were selected by systematic random method, a sample of 900 subjects was interviewed with pretested profroma. Age, sex, height, weight, blood pressure, diabetes, dietary patterns, smoking, alcoholism, CAD were recorded from March 2005 to February 2006.
RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 25%.Among males 34.82%and Females19.76%. Among age group 51-60yrs, 46.73%were overweight/obese and the association between 40yrs was significant p30 were HTN3.74%, DM0.78%, joint pains26.58%, respiratory diseases 5.06%.
CONCLUSIONS: The over all prevalence of over weight/obesity was 25% in the study population .34.82%in males and 19.67% in females. As the age increases overweight/obesity also increases along a gradient till 60+yrs .High literacy, alcoholism and low physical activity were significantly associated with over weight/obesity. As BMI increases morbidities tend to increase in rural area.
References
- NNMB report 2002.
- NNMB report2004.
- WHO, Obesity: Preventing and Managing the Global Epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation on Obesity, Geneva (1998).
- Sobol, J. and Stunkard, A.J.: Socioeconomic status and obesity: A review of the literature. Psychol Bull., 105: 260-275(1989).
- Randrianjohany, A., Balkau, B. and Cubeau, J.: The Relationship between behavioral pattern, overall, and central adiposity in a population of healthy French men. Int.J.Obes. 17: 651-655(1993).
- Venkatramana, P. and Chengal Reddy, P.: Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency among two tribal Populations of Andhra Pradesh. Tribal Research Bulletin. XXV: 5-10 (2002).
- Venkatramana P and Chengal Reddy P.: Association of overall and abdominal obesity with coronary heart disease risk factors: Comparison between urban and rural Indian men. Asia Pacific. J. Clin. Nutr. 11: 66- 71 (2002a).
- Nirmala Reddy, B.: Body mass index and its association with socio-economic and behavioral variables among socio-economically heterogeneous populations of Andhra Pradesh, India. Hum. Biol., 70: 901-917 (1998).
- Gopalan C.: Obesity in the Indian urban ‘Middle class’. Bulletin of the Nutrition Foundation of India, 19: 1-15 (1998).
- WHO: Global Strategy for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control (Draft). WHO/ NCD/GS/ 97.1, Geneva (1997).
- Reeder BA, Chen Y regional and rural- urban differences in obesity in Canada. Canadian heart health surveys research group. Int j obes reiat Metab Disord.2003 Jan 27(1); 140-6.
- Amoah AG; public health nutr.2003Dec; 6(8); 751- 7 links, sociodemographic variations in obesity among Ghanaian adults.
- Sood R.K.Gupta A.K, Sharma R.IC et al. An epidemiological study of obesity in Simla town Indian J Med sci 1996 Oct, 50(10); 362-4.
- Goya S wannamethee and A Gerald shaper. Alcohol, body weight, and weight gain in middle aged men.
- Rezende FA, Rosado le & et al Body mass index and waist circumference; association with cardiovascular risk factors.{Article in English, Portuguese}.Rezende FA, Rosado LE , Ribeiro RdeC.
- Prevalence Study of Overweight/Obesity among Adults (20-60yrs) of Urban Field Practice Area of Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad
Authors
1 Department of Community Medicine, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Community Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa, IN
3 Pediatrics at Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, IN
4 Department of Community Medicine, Osmania Medicial College, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, IN
5 Department of Community Medicine, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad, Andhra pradesh, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 3 (2012), Pagination: 250-253Abstract
Background: There is an alarming increasing in the prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide with globalization of economics and rapid international communication. Andhra Pradesh prevalence of overweight and obesity in males is 27.27% and females are 44.64% in urban areas. The prevalence of obesity in adults is 20-40% in urban areas of Andhra Pradesh.
Objective: 1. To study prevalence of overweight/obesity among adults (20-60yrs) in the urban field practice area of OMC, Hyderabad. 2. To study the relationship between overweight/obesity with physical activity. 3. To study the morbidity patterns among over weight/obesity individuals.
Materials and Methods: The urban health centre consists of 41slums, 3 slums were selected randomly and households were selected by systematic random method, sample of 400 subjects were interviewed with pretested profroma. Age, sex, height, weight, blood pressure, diabetes, dietary patterns, smoking, alcoholism, CAD are recorded from March 2005 to September 2005.
Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 37%. Among males 27.27% and females 44.64%. Among age group 51-60 yrs, 45.45% were overweight/obese and the association between 40yrs was significant p25 were HTN 12.16%, DM13.52%, joint pains 31.08%, respiratory diseases 8.01% and CAD 1.35%.
Conclusions: The over all prevalence of over weight/obesity was 37% in the study population. 27.27% in males and 44.64% in females. As the age increases overweight/obesity also increases along a gradient till 60+yrs. High literacy, T.V. watching and low physical exercise were significantly associated with over weight/obesity. As BMI increases morbidities tend to increase in urban area.
Keywords
Urban Obesity, Exercises, Prevalence, MorbiditiesReferences
- Heinz nutrition foundation of India. April-June 2004.
- WHO report - 2005.
- Independent, FEB 2002.
- WHO TRS 894.
- DAS gupta S, Hazra SC. The utility of waist circumference in assessment of obesity Indian J public health. 1999 Oct-Dec; 43(4); 132-135.
- Sood R.K, Gupta A.K, SharmaR.IC etal an epidemiological study of obesity in simla town Indian J Med Sci 1996 Oct, 50(10); 362-364.
- Amoah AG; public health Nutr.2003 Dec; 6(8); 751-757 links Sociodemographic variations in obesity among Ghanaian adults.
- Bhasin S.K;Chaturvedi S, Gupta P et. al. status of physical exercise and its association with obesity and hypertension in two urban assembly constituents of Delhi. Indian Med Asso 2001 nov;
- Rezende FA, Rosado LE,& et.al. Body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio as indicators of hypertension with cardiovascular risk factors.
- Rezende FA, Rosado LE, Riberio Rde C. Reducing risks, promoting healthy life-The world health report 2002; 60.
- Patel JC obesity Effective and safe management Indian J Med Sci 2000 Nov; 54(11); 499-507.
- Kaplan Mark S et al on prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among older adults; findings from the Canadian National population Health survey.
- Jervell J, Bjertness E.obesity in rural and urban Palestinian west bank population. Int. J. Obese. Relat. meat. disord. 2003 Jan 27(1) 140-146.
- Dudija V; Mishra A, Pandey RM et. al. obesity effective and safe management. Indian J Med sci 2000 Nov; 54(11); 499-507.
- NFHS-2, 1998-99.