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Rajendran, V.
- Association of Pisouthus tinctorius with Eucalyptus tereticornis in India
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Indian Forester, Vol 120, No 1 (1994), Pagination: 62-65Abstract
Association of Pisolithus tinctorius with Eucalyptus tereticornis plantations in Vandalur and Kolappakkam (Madras) has been described in this paper.
- Influence of Solvents Effect on the Preparation of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles via Precipitation Method
Abstract Views :530 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Presidency College Chennai-600 005, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Physics, Presidency College Chennai-600 005, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Materials Science, Vol 3, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 117-125Abstract
Nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO) were prepared by precipitation route from copper acetate and oxalic acid in the presence solvents of water, ethanol and ethylene glycol. The crystalline structure, morphology and optical properties of the as-synthesized powder have been characterized, using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL). Structural and morphological characterization revealed the presence of crystalline structures presenting single phase with different sizes depending on the solvent used. The band gap energies were calculated to be 1.95, 2.01 and 2.11 eV from the UV-vis absorption spectra. The PL spectra showed the dominant emission peak appeared at the visible region that may be exploited in optoelectronic devices.Keywords
Semiconductor, CuO, Nanoparticles, Precipitation Method, Optical PropertiesReferences
- Son,D I., You,CH., and Kim,TW., 2009, “structural, optical and electronic properties of colloidal CuO nanoparticles formed by using a colloid-thermal synthesis process,” Appl.Surf.Sci., 255, pp 8794-8797.
- Zhou,K., Wang,R., Xu,B., and Li,Y., 2006, “Synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of CuO nanocrystals with various shapes”, Nanotechnology., 17, pp 3939-3943.
- Wang , SQ., Zhang, JY., and Chen, CH., 2007, “Dandelion-like hollow microspheres of CuO as anode material for lithium-ion batteries”, Scripta Materialia., 57, pp 337–340.
- Aslani, A., and Oroojpour,V., 2011, “CO gas sensing of CuO nanostructures, synthesized by an assisted solvothermal wet chemical route”, Physica B: Condensed Matter ., 406, pp 144–149.
- El-Trass,A., ElShamy,H., El-Mehasseb,I., and El-Kemar, M., 2012, “CuO nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, optical properties and interaction with amino acids”, Appl. Surf. Sci., 258 , pp2997–3001.
- Karimi,RR., Shamili, AB., Aslani, A., and Kaviani,K.,2010, “ Sonochemical synthesis, characterization and thermal and optical analysis of CuO nanoparticles”, Physica B., 405, pp 3096–3100.
- Jia, W., Reitz, E., Shimpi, P., Rodriguez,EG., Gao,PX., and Lei,Y., 2009, “Spherical CuO synthesized by a simple hydrothermal reaction: Concentrationdependent size and its electro catalytic application”, Mater. Res. Bull., 44, pp 1681–168.
- Yuan,GQ., Jiang,HF., Lin,C., and Liao,SJ., 2007,” Shape- and size-controlled electrochemical synthesis of cupric oxide nanocrystals”, J. Cry. Growth., 303, pp 400–406.
- Wang, W., Zhuang,Y., and Li,L., 2008, “ Structure and size effect of CuO nanowires prepared by low temperature solid-phase process”, Mater. Lett., 62, pp 1724–1726.
- Yang, L., Wang,G., Tang,C., Wang,H., and Zhang,L., 2005, “Synthesis and photoluminescence of corn-like ZnO nanostructures under solvothermalassisted heat treatment”, Chem .Phys.Lett., 409, pp 337-341.
- Vaseem,M., Umar,A., Kim,SH., Al-Hajry,A., and Hahn,YB., 2008, “Growth and structural properties of CuO urchin-like and sheet-like structures prepared by simple solution process”, Mater. Lett.,62 , pp 1659–1662.
- Qi, JQ., Tian,HY., Li,LT., and Chan,HLW., 2007, “Fabrication of CuO nanoparticle interlinked microsphere cages by solution method”, Nanoscale. Res. Lett., 2 , pp 107–111.
- Liu,Q, Liu, H., Liang,Y., Xu,Z.,and Yin,G., 2006” Large-scale synthesis of single-crystalline CuO nanoplatelets by a hydrothermal process”, Mater. Res. Bull., 41, pp 697–702.
- Xiao,HM., Zhu,LP., Liu, XM., and Fu,SY.,2001, “Anamalous ferromagnetic behavior of CuO nanorods synthesized via hydrothermal method”, Solid. State. Com.,141, pp 431-435.
- Ambient Noise Analysis in Shallow Water of Arabian Sea Based on Ocean Depth
Abstract Views :167 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Sathyaba University, Chennai-119, IN
2 Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai-119, IN
3 ABB Corporate Research, Bangalore, IN
1 Sathyaba University, Chennai-119, IN
2 Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai-119, IN
3 ABB Corporate Research, Bangalore, IN
Source
Digital Signal Processing, Vol 3, No 6 (2011), Pagination: 271-273Abstract
Ambient noise is the typical and persistent unwanted background of sound at a particular location in the ocean at a given time of a year. This may be due to a variety of natural and artificial sources including seismic activity, oceanic turbulence, wind, distant shipping and marine organisms [Etter, 1991, Chapter 6]. It is location and time specific. In this paper, variation of ambient noise with depth was studied. Datas were collected at shallow water of Arabian sea using sensitive hydrophones at various depth and time. Data were collected for the period of six months to a wind speed ranges between 0.5 m/s to 7 m/s and the analysis were performed for frequencies ranging from 500 Hz to 7 KHz. Here we considered wind as the noise source. Frequency versus noise spectral density graph was plotted for various ocean depth. Linear relationship between the sea noise spectrum levels and the wind speed were found for the entire frequency range. Then the graph was plotted for various depth. It is concluded that in shallow water there is no much more variation in the ambient noise with depth and time.Keywords
Ambient Noise, Depth, Shallow Water, Wind.- Automated Spray Pyrolyser for Continuous Production of Nano Metal Oxides for Industrial Applications
Abstract Views :215 |
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Authors
V. Rajendran
1,
P. Manivasakan
2,
B. Saravanakumar
2,
P. R. Rauta
3,
B. B. Shau
3,
B. K. Panda
3,
P. Renukadevi
4,
P. Kolandaivel
5
Affiliations
1 Center for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637215, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637215, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Dalmia Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajgangpur-770017, Orissa, IN
4 Department of Nanotechnology, Anna University, Coimbatore-641047, Tamil Nadu, IN
5 Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641049, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Center for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637215, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637215, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Dalmia Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rajgangpur-770017, Orissa, IN
4 Department of Nanotechnology, Anna University, Coimbatore-641047, Tamil Nadu, IN
5 Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641049, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Automation and Autonomous Systems, Vol 1, No 2 (2009), Pagination: 59-64Abstract
The spray Pyrolyser experimental set-up has been automated for large scale production of nano metal oxides from naturally available resources. The independent operation of spray set-up has promoted cost effective nanotechnology in industries. The present system operates continuously to produce mass quantity of nano powder with controlled particle size and morphology. The stoichiometric compositions of precursor and operational parameters have been controlled. The proposed experimental set-up can be efficiently used for commercial production of different nano metal oxides in continuous manner. Industrial application testing of nano metal oxides developed employing the above method is under progress.Keywords
Automation, Spray Pyrolysis Set-Up, Nano Metal Oxides, Particle Size.- Development of Adaptive De-noising Algorithm using Wavelet Technique for a Linear FM Acoustic Signal
Abstract Views :154 |
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Authors
G. Kalpana
1,
V. Rajendran
2
Affiliations
1 Sathyabama University, Rajiv Gandhi Road, Jeppiaar Nagar, Solinganallur, Chennai - 600119, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Vels University, 200 Feet Road, Velan Nagar, P. V. Vaithiyalingam Road, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600043, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Sathyabama University, Rajiv Gandhi Road, Jeppiaar Nagar, Solinganallur, Chennai - 600119, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Vels University, 200 Feet Road, Velan Nagar, P. V. Vaithiyalingam Road, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600043, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 8, No 35 (2015), Pagination:Abstract
Background/Objectives: It is highly important to analyze on the challenges that influence the acoustic medium. The underwater signals are affected by variety of background noise (ambient noise) in the ocean which is both natural and man-made. Method/Statistical Analysis: The methodology involved in this research work is wavelet decomposition technique to reduce the underwater noise present in the acoustic signal to extract the details present in it. Findings: In this research work, a detailed knowledge on the ambient noise which was collected from the shallow water region of Bay of Bengal, was obtained by characterizing it and a suitable denoising algorithm was formulated using wavelet technique, in particular Gabor wavelet and improvement in SNR is verified using MAT lab simulink tool. Applications/Improvements: The applications of underwater acoustics includes exploration of the environment, monitoring and tracking the marine mammals, exploration of oil in the deep ocean, monitoring the submarines and underwater autonomous vehicles etc,. A comparison was done between Gabor wavelet and Symlet wavelet in denoising the noisy acoustic signal to improve the signal to noise ratio. It enhances the performance of Gabor wavelet. From the result, we can understand that, for an input SNR range of -15 db to 0 db, we obtained an output SNR in the order of 9dB, 15db and 14db at 20 KHz, 66 KHz and 86 KHZ respectively which enhances the performance of Gabor wavelet.Keywords
Underwater Acoustic Signal Processing, Underwater Ambient Noise, Underwater De-Noising Techniques, Wavelet DecompositionFull Text
- Comparison of BER Performance of Various Adaptive Modulation Schemes in OFDM Systems
Abstract Views :140 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600117,Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Engineering, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600117,Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering,Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600117,Tamil Nadu, IN
2 School of Engineering, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600117,Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9, No 40 (2016), Pagination:Abstract
Objectives: The aim of future generation in mobile communication system is impeccably to integrate different types of real time services such as e-mail, speedy communication, video streaming and multimedia applications.Methods/Analysis: The proposed method for future generation is Adaptive Modulation of Orthogonally Frequency Division Multiplexing (AM-Orthogonal FDM) technique. Orthogonal FDM modulation scheme provide maximum data rate, robustness against multipath fading and bandwidth saving up to fifty percentage compared to existing one. The performance of the system is improved according to the channel fading conditions, adaptive modulation is employed in AM-OFDM. Findings: We consider in this research work various adaptive digital modulation techniques and compare the received Bit Error Rate (BER) vs. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the system in various adaptive modulation techniques with the proposed one. The existing adaptive systemshow the BER is 10-3.9 for 18 dB SNR, however the proposedtechnique show the BER is 10-5.7 for the same SNR value. The BER improvement of proposed oneis 98 percentage compared with existing method. Novelty/Improvement: The novelty of proposed method isgood modulation method ofM-ary Phase Shift Keying is adapted, depending onthe currentchannel conditions measured by channel estimator and this information is fed back to the input.Keywords
AWGN, Adaptive Modulation, Bit Error Rate, Channel Fading, OFDM, Signal to Noise Ratio.Full Text
- Ultrasonic Nondestructive Characterisation of Nuclear Materials
Abstract Views :155 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637215, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Centre for Nano Science and Technology, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode-637215, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603102, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Journal of Pure and Applied Ultrasonics, Vol 34, No 4 (2012), Pagination: 69-71Abstract
Ultrasonic non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique is a versatile and sensitive tool for structural/microstructural and defect characterisation of materials. An indigenous experimental set-up developed in the authors’ laboratory is used for online ultrasonic velocities and attenuation measurement over a wide range of temperatures from room temperature to 1100 K. The measured ultrasonic parameters such as ultrasonic velocities and derived elastic constants are used to assess changes in microstructural features as a function of temperatures. The first order differentials of the temperature dependent ultrasonic parameters are used to reveal the precise information about the structural/phase transitions. In the present investigation, ultrasonic longitudinal velocity measurements carried out in β-quenched Zircaloy-2 specimens in the temperature range of 298 to 623 K clearly reveal formation of intermetallic precipitates from the β-quenched martensite phase. It is observed that the first order differential plots of variation in ultrasonic velocity as function of temperature is an effective tool in predicting the temperatures at which the structural changes take place. In addition, the fatigue and the creep-fatigue damages in AISI 316 stainless steel are correlated with on-line ultrasonic velocity measurements, particularly made at elevated temperatures. The results reveal that in-situ high temperature ultrasonic measurements enable assessment of creep and fatigue damage with high sensitivity.Keywords
Ultrasonic Velocity, β-Quenched Zircaloy-2, AISI 316 L (N) Stainless Steel.Full Text
- Advances in Sea Surface Layer Temperature Measurements with Fast Responding Thermistor Arrays on Drifting Buoys
Abstract Views :234 |
PDF Views:89
Authors
Affiliations
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Chennai - 600 100, IN
2 Vels University, School of Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600 117, IN
1 National Institute of Ocean Technology, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, NIOT Campus, Chennai - 600 100, IN
2 Vels University, School of Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Pallavaram, Chennai - 600 117, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 325-330Abstract
A precise and accurate ocean temperature measurement system is essential for better understanding and knowledge of the spatial and temporal variability of thermal stratification of the upper-ocean layers is fundamental. The National Institute of Ocean Technology, Chennai has indigenously developed a novel negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor based sensor array with RS232 digital output for drifting buoy (Pradyu) (DB) wherein, it is mainly used in ocean observation applications. The DB is built with Indian satellite (INSAT) for real time data telemetry.
The NTC sensing element is used in developing the temperature sensor for the measurement of sea surface layer temperature. The Steinhart–Hart equation and coefficients are applied on each sampling to zero down the error components involved in temperature measurements which corresponds to the nonlinear functionality of the NTC element. In-house developed SST sensor and sensor array are calibrated and extensively tested in laboratory conditions. The results of the SST and sensor array laboratory calibrations and field validations are briefly presented here with significant data sets collected in the Bay of Bengal warm pool regions.
Keywords
Drifting Buoy, NTC Thermistor Sensor, Sensor Array, Steinhart–Hart Coefficients.Full Text
References
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- Tabata, S., An evaluation of the quality of sea surface temperatures and salinities measured at station P and line P in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. J. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 1968, 8, 970–986.
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- A Survey of Underwater Acoustic Sensor Network using R-MAC-MAC Layer Protocol And VBF-Routing Protocol
Abstract Views :205 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Electronics and Communication, Sathyabama University, Kanchipuram, Chennai – 600119, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of ECE, Vels University, Krishnapuram, Pallavaram, Chennai – 600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Electronics and Communication, Sathyabama University, Kanchipuram, Chennai – 600119, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of ECE, Vels University, Krishnapuram, Pallavaram, Chennai – 600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 11, No 33 (2018), Pagination: 1-7Abstract
Objectives: Under-Water Sensor Network (UWSN) has many potential applications. For these applications it is necessary to have efficient and reliable communication. For efficient communication we need to develop efficient networking solutions to overcome the underwater environment challenges. Methods: To develop efficient solutions for networking we require to understand the potential applications for the underwater sensor network it is also necessary to understand the limitations of the environment. It is also essential to understand different architectures that are there in UWSN. Using these information's, we have designed a network with 6 nodes and simulated it using Aquasim software. We have selected one specific MAC layer and network layer protocol. For this we have simulated for the Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput and energy consumption parameters. Findings: Paper talks about the 2D UWSN architecture, the challenges in the implementation of UWSN, the MAC and Network layer used. We can anticipate the general energy consumption, through put and PDR for this combination of Radio Multiple ACcess (RMAC) and Vector-Based Forwarding (VBF) protocols. This simulation shows us that this combination follows the required trend and they are the suitable protocols to be used in UWSN implementations. Improvements: Applications of UWSN are fast gaining popularity to make it possible to monitor the ocean, surveillance of deep sea, various entities tracking of aquatic environment, etc. For all these applications the energy efficiency is ansignificant factor for communication. Comparative studies show that R-MAC is the most energy efficient MAC layer protocol and VBF has better PDR and throughput compared to other network layer protocols.Full Text
References
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- Namesh C, Ramakrishnan B. Analysis of VBF protocol in underwater sensor network for static and moving nodes, International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications. 2015; 2(1):20–26.
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