Informatics Publishing Limited

R. Pandimeena ¹, S. Jeeva ¹, V. Lakshmi ¹, R. Amsaveni ²

Affiliations
1 Renganayagi Varatharaj College of Engineering, Sivakasi-626128, IN
2 V.P.M.M Engineering College for Women, Krishnankovil-626190, IN

Abstract

Testing is a process used to verify the correctness of the systems. In this project testing is carried out to detect the two stuck at fault namely stuck at 0 and stuck at 1. Here, the sequential circuits are designed based on conservative logic gates which automatically detect the two stuck at faults. Any sequential designs can be tested for classical unidirectional stuck at faults using only two test vectors such as all 1s and all 0s. Two vectors testable latches, master-slave flip-flops and dual edge triggered flip-flops are designed. The importance of this design lies in the fact that it provides the design of reversible sequential circuits completely testable for any stuck at fault by only two test vectors. Thereby eliminating the need of any type of scan-path access to internal memory cells. The sequential circuits are simulated using Xilinx 13.2 version. This method provides 100% fault coverage for single missing/additional cell defect in the quantum dot cellular automata (QCA) design of Fredkin gate. The layout of the Fredkin gate was simulated by using QCA designer.

Keywords

Cellular Automata, Conservative Logic, Fredkin Gate, Quantum-Dot, Reversible Logic.

Full Text

     

V. Lakshmi ¹, Nilanjana Das ¹

Affiliations
1 Environmental Biotechnology Div., School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632 014, T. N., IN

Abstract

The aim of this work was to ascertain the efficacy of immobilised yeast for the remediation of caffeine in soil under laboratory condition. Biostimulation with inorganic nutrients and bioaugmentation with caffeine utilizing single and mixed yeast cultures viz., Mixed culture 1, Mixed culture 2, Mixed culture 3 and Mixed culture 4 were employed as remedial options for the removal of caffeine from contaminated soil. To promote caffeine removal, biowaste materials (wheat bran, sawdust, peanut hull powder) were used as biocarriers for immobilization of caffeine degrading yeast species following the method of physical adsorption. We constructed laboratory biopiles to compare the treatment bioaugmentation with bioaugmentation combined biostimulation using single and mixed cultures of immobilized yeast. Maximum removal of caffeine was found to be 98.3 % after 24 days in the biostimulated soil which was bioaugmented with sawdust immobilized yeast mixed culture No. 4 consisting of three yeast species viz., Trichosporon asahii, Candida tropicalis and Candida inconspicua. Dehydrogenase activity in the soil was remarkably enhanced to 639 μg TPF g^-1 soil and microbial numbers were also increased for the soil treated under the same conditions described above. Phytotoxicity assay confirmed the reduction of caffeine toxicity in the contaminated soil after treatment. Thus, sawdust immobilized mixed yeast culture No. 4 could serve as potential tool for the remediation of caffeine from contaminated soil.

Keywords

Caffeine Contaminated Soil, Immobilization, Biostimulation, Bioaugmentation, Yeast Species.

Full Text

   

P. Vijayalakshmi ¹, V. Lakshmi ¹

Affiliations
1 Sri Avinashilingam Home Science College for Women, Coimbatore-43, IN

Abstract

Good health is an asset in this modern scientific world. However since the first recorded history, diseases have been known to exist. Worldwide attempts to eradicate yaws, malaria and small pox have all been effective to varying extents, but still some diseases have to be explored and controlled. As we begin to control the majority of infective diseases newer ones crop up and of these coronary heart disease is man-killer number one today. Smoking out-weighs all other reported risk factors for peripheral vascular diseases. The average increase in death rate in smokers is 70 per cent more than that of non-smokers.

Full Text

     

V. Lakshmi , P. Krisnaveni

Abstract

In this paper, a new method for Lung tissue Classification using Patch adaptive sparse approximation with two feature descriptors is proposed. Operator assisted classification methods are impractical for large amounts of data .High resolution Computed Tomography images contain a noise caused by operator performance which can lead to serious inaccuracies in classification. We design two new feature descriptors for higher feature descriptiveness, namely the rotation-invariant Gabor-local binary patterns (RGLBP) texture descriptor and multi-coordinate histogram of oriented gradients (MCHOG) gradient descriptor. Each image patch is then labeled based on its feature approximation from reference image patches. Decision making was performed in two steps, Feature extraction using the two feature descriptors ii) classification using Patch adaptive sparse approximation.

Keywords

Adaptive, gradient, reference, texture

Full Text