Informatics Publishing Limited

Urvashi Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, IN

Abstract

The paper studies the concept of gender identity at work through certain attributes in professional occupations. These attributes are rated by the respondents as characteristics for professional men, professional women and if those attributes are required to be successful in the profession. It tries to understand if men and women are rated similarly or differently on those traits and if there is some identity gap or presence of certain stereotypical attitudes in the professions. It is important to understand these through hypothesis testing as there is still some biasness and association of stereotypical behaviour which ultimately affect the diversity in the organisation. The statistical analysis reveals that not all attributes are viewed as similar for men and women. It also identifies some attributes particularly significant for professional men and women. There is no clear evidence of stereotypical behaviour in the professions under study. However, the results cannot be generalised because of some limitations.

Keywords

Identity, Identity Formation, Gender Stereotyping, Social Construction.

Full Text

   

Urvashi Sharma ¹, Namrata Gill ¹, Anubha Gulati ², Rosy Arora ¹, Ikreet Singh Bal ³, Archna Agnihotri ¹, Sidhi Passi ¹, Leena Verma ¹, Krishan Gauba ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pedodontics, Dr. HSJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IN
2 Department of Oral Pathology, Dr. HSJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IN
3 Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. HSJ Institute of Dental Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IN
4 Department of Pedodontics, Oral Health Sciences Center, PGIMER, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the oral health behavior, prevalence and pattern of dental caries in 11–16-year-old children of various socioeconomic strata in a north-western Indian city were determined. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 2294 children across two age groups— 11–13 and 14–16 years—using a WHO oral health questionnaire and a WHO oral health assessment form-2013 to record the oral health behavior and dental caries, respectively. The revised Kuppuswamy socioeconomic scale determined the socioeconomic status. Results: Dental caries was observed in 60% children of the upper socioeconomic strata (mean DMFT of 2.00 ± 2.35), 68% in the upper middle strata (mean DMFT 2.40 ± 2.54), 73.3% in the lower middle strata (mean DMFT 2.75 ± 2.81), and 83.7% in the lower strata (mean DMFT 3.93 ± 3.07). DMFT was significantly more (a) in girls than in boys and also (b) in the older 14–16-year age group compared to the 11–13-year age group. Conclusions: The study has shown a 73.2% prevalence of dental caries (mean DMFT 2.93 ± 2.86), an inverse correlation of caries with socioeconomic status, and higher DMFT in girls and in the older age group. Implementation of regular school dental health programs, promotion of healthy dietary habits, and a proactive regular involvement of parents, teachers, and community will promote good oral health.

Keywords

Behavior, Children, Dental Caries, Prevalence, Socioeconomic Status.

Full Text

     

Urvashi Sharma ¹, Shaveta Jain ², Nitin Jain ³, Pawan Sharma ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Apex Plus Super Speciality Hospital, Model Town, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pt. B. D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
3 Department of Radiology, Advanta Super Speciality Hospital And Trauma Centre, Rohtak, Haryana, IN
4 Department of Neurology, Apex Plus Super Speciality Hospital , Model Town, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Wernicke’s encephalopathy, a potentially fatal but treatable condition caused by thiamine deficiency, is usually suspected in the setting of chronic alcoholism. It is under-recognized when associated with other conditions. We describe a pregnant woman who presented with acute onset altered sensorium following repeated vomiting. Clinical suspicion, characteristic brain MRI, rapid recovery with thiamine confirmed the diagnosis of wernicke’s encephalopathy. We report this case to illustrate the importance of early recognition of this rare condition and to emphasize the importance of thiamine supplementation in patients of hyperemesis gravidarum in order to avoid a permanent neurological deficit.

Keywords

Wernicke’s Encephalopathy, Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Thiamine, MRI.

Full Text

     

Urvashi Sharma ¹, Namrata Gill ¹, Anubha Gulati ², Rosy Arora ¹, Archna Agnihotri ¹, Ikreet Singh Bal ³, Sidhi Passi ¹, Leena Verma ¹, Krishan Gauba ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pedodontics, Dr. HSJ Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh – 160014, IN
2 Department of Oral Pathology, Dr. HSJ Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh – 160014, IN
3 Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. HSJ Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh –160014, IN
4 Department of Pedodontics, Oral Health Sciences Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the distribution of dental caries using the DMFT index (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) and Significant Caries Index (SiC) in 12-year old children of Chandigarh. To comparatively analyze the risk factors between the two groups - ‘SiC index group’ and ‘least DMFT group’ and to determine if the WHO Health goals have been achieved for the population. Methods: The examination for dental caries was done as per the WHO recommendations on 495 children. DMFT, SiC values and the oral health behaviours were recorded and the risk predictors for caries identified on logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 74.1%. The mean DMFT was 2.93 ± 2.57 (0-12) and the mean SiC was 5.76 ± 1.89 (4-12). The odds of being in the SiC group were lesser with ≥ once a day tooth cleaning (OR:0.644, CI:0.109 - 3.822, p-value 0.628) and higher with ≤ once a day sugar intake (OR:1.286; CI:0.782-2.115, p-value 0.322), ≤ once a day fruit intake (OR: 1.485; CI:0.820 - 2.691, p-value 0.192), in boys (OR:1.175;CI:0.748 - 1.847, p - value 0.484) and in the lower strata (OR:2.578; CI:1.187 - 5.598, p-value 0.017). Conclusion: The study confirmed an unequal distribution of dental caries and aims to focus on the more susceptible lower strata and reduction of the D component of DMFT. The WHO Health Goals for 2000 were achieved for the population, but the Goals for 2015 were yet to be met. The study also highlights the need to strive to attain the WHO Health Goals for 2020.

Keywords

Behaviour, Children, Dental Caries, Prevalence, Socioeconomic Status.

Full Text

     

Urvashi Sharma ¹, Bhawna Rajput ²

Affiliations
1 Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IN
2 Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Delhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Despite the growing relevance of employee engagement since 1990’s, organizations still struggle to keep the employees engaged. High level of engagement results into multiple enriching effects on organizations. Previous studies have highlighted the significance of both personal and organizational resources in engaging employees. This paper aims to determine the level of work engagement of university teachers in India and to examine whether demographic factors influence work engagement. Demographic factors included gender, age, years of experience, designation, employment status, educational qualification, and marital status. Data collected from 282 university teachers were statistically analyzed. The finding of the study revealed the above-average level of engagement among university teachers. Results showed that the work engagement level differed significantly with age, employment status, designation, and marital status. However, no significant difference in work engagement was found based on gender, educational qualifications, and years of experience. The study contributes to the scant literature on work engagement and its relationship with demographic variables in a non-western setting.

Keywords

Work Engagement, Demographic Factors, Teachers, ANOVA, India.

Full Text