Informatics Publishing Limited

Sushma Gupta ¹, D. K. Gupta ²

Affiliations
1 Institute of Southern African Studies, National University of Lesotho Roma, LS
2 Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, ET

Abstract

This paper gives a comprehensive account of the development of library and information science education in Africa. Ghana was first to start any kind of library education in 1944 but the formal education started at Ibadan, Nigeria in 1959. By 1970 there were 6 library schools; 4 new schools started during 1970s and another 6 during 1980s. Two Regional schools with Master's Programme in Information Science started in 1990. Two new schools are likely to start soon. Nigeria alone has 8 schools providing professional education at all levels including PhD (which is available only in Nigeria) and an exclusive programme of Master in Information Science at ARCIS, Ibadan. Several schools, realising the importance of new developments in information science and technology, are planning to incorporate this component into their curriculae. The existing programmes need to be assessed in the context of information needs of Africa.

Keywords

Library and Information Science, Education, Africa, Development.

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Manju Gupta ¹, Sushma Gupta ², Tripta Thakur ³

Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, EED, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal (M.P.) - 462051, IN
2 Associate Professor ,EED, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal (M.P.) - 462051, IN
3 Professor EED, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology,Bhopal (M.P.) - 462051, IN

Abstract

Participating in demand response has significant advantages for both consumers and electricity producers, i.e., saving on high electricity prices for the user and helping utilities in peak load curtailment. Further increased the use of renewable energy and energy storage, along with the need to increase energy efficiency are the main driver for the implementation and utilization of DSM. In DSM to monitor and control of the low voltage power grid, a computer system (a combination of hardware and software) is provided which is advance controlled by SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) System. Next generation application and DSM concept are important with smart grid to give the answer to the need of the changing power system. This research paper insights the development of advanced metering infrastructure based demand side management model for load Management. The main objective of this application is consumption optimization and automation in operation. This paper proposes a fixed load control strategy with fixed forecasted photo voltaic generation, battery storage system and priority based load curtailment mechanism.

Keywords

Demand Side Management (DSM), Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Smart grid, Energy Management System (EMS)., smart metering, dynamic pricing, Transmission and Distribution losses (T&D), Field Programming Gate Array (FPGA).

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