Informatics Publishing Limited

Abstract

Neglected tropical diseases focus its scope on the “neglected” communicable diseases of developing countries that do not receive sufficient priority in public health programmes and research agenda despite of having an equal share of the global burden of disease, both in terms of chronic disability and mortality.Tropical arboviral infections occur in poor urban and rural environments and disproportionately affect low-income populations. Other neglected viral infections, such as dengue and chikungunya, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and Rift Valley fever afflict the poor more frequently and more severely that can cause significant physical and mental impairment for > 30 months after infection or result in early death. Arboviral disease outcomes can contribute to poverty, perpetuating a vicious cycle of disease, poverty and health care injustice. Arbovirus infections typically occur in epidemics. Due to seasonal and weather-related changes in arthropod-borne transmission of arboviruses and periodic fluctuations in the number of susceptible humans within an area, there may be significant variation in the local, regional and global number of cases from year to year. Access to health care is another important issue for the neglected viral diseases. Previously successful strategies to control ABVDs emphasized vector control but source reduction and vector control strategies using pesticides have not been sustainable. Limitations in health systems in endemic areas undoubtedly lead to underestimation of arbovirus incidence and related complications. Effective prevention strategies can reverse this trend. Research on vaccines, environmentally safe insecticides, alternative approaches to vector control and training programs for health-care workers are needed. Perceptions about the actual frequency of arboviral disease are changing. As better diagnostics are introduced in at-risk areas, more accurate case finding allows for better definition of the risk of symptomatic disease and the long-term sequelae of infection.

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Abstract

The present study was carried out with the objective to prepare Pua, Thalipeeth, Laddo and Gatta by incorporating bajra flour and soya flour, to assess the qualitative analysis elements content by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. In control, no addition of soya flour and bajra flour was done while in case of experimental treatments T₁, T₂,and T₃, soya flour was added at 10 per cent, 20 per cent and 30 per cent levels, respectively. In all experimental treatments, 10 per cent bajra flour was kept constant. Each treatment was replicated five times.On the basis of findings, it was concluded that in case of Pua and Thalipeeth, T₁ (10%) was found to be best in terms of colour and appearance, body and texture, taste and flavour and overall acceptability. In case of Laddo, T₂ (20%) was best in body and texture, taste and flavour while T₃ (30%) was found to be best in terms of colour and appearance and overall acceptability. Control of Gatta was best with regards to colour and appearance while T₂ (20%) was best in body and texture, taste and flavour and overall acceptability. Elements detected from LIBS spectra for the developed products were carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, iron, sodium and magnesium. Hence, it can be concluded that upto 20 per cent soya flour can be successfully incorporated in the prepared products.

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