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S. Ramadevi ¹, B. Kaleeswaran ¹, P. Natarajan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous), Poondi, Thanjavur – 613 503, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The present work aimed to estimate the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of medicinal plant Ruellia patula (L.) against human pathogenic bacteria. Medicinal plants are the effective source for the development of drug against several diseases. Nowadays, medicinal plants were used to treat most diseases among humans because of its medicinal value. In Ayurveda and Siddha, many medicinal plants have been recommended for the management of common diseases. The extraction was done by using different solvent such as ethanol, methanol and acetone by using standard procedures. The antibacterial assay was carried by using agar well method with different organisms and also antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger using disc diffusion method. The ethanolic extract of R. patula L. (0.4 mg/mL) showed higher antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria. In the antifungal activity also ethanolic extract shows highest activity compare to other extract. From the present work, we conclude that the ethanolic extract of plant R. patula L. have potential of antibacterial activity and antifungal activity because of its secondary metabolites in the plant which responsible for biological activities. Due to the presence of phyto‐constituent in the plant extract may control the bacterial growth either in high concentration/long durations and it may have the ability to control the human pathogenic organisms.

Keywords

Phytochemical Analysis, Ruellia patula L., Disc Diffusion, Antimicrobial Activity.

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R. MURUGESAN ¹, K. VASUKI ¹, B. KALEESWARAN ¹, S. RAMADEVI ², P. THIRUMALAI VASAN ³

Affiliations
1 PG and Research Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, A. Veeriya Vandayar Memorial Sri Pushpam College (Autnomous), Poondi, Thanjavur – 613503, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Bon Secours College for Women, Thanjavur – 613006, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 PG and Research Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan Arts and Science College, Tiruchirappalli – 620005, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Mosquitoes play a key role in the transmission of diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, etc. Plant based compounds form alternate source of control measures against mosquitoes, in view of deleterious effects of chemical pesticides. In the present study, insecticidal activity of aerial part of Solanum torvum (Sw.) was studied against Aedes aegypti (L.) under laboratory conditions. GC-MS study was analysed in hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of S. torvum and the leaf extracts yielded around 57 compounds. In the larvicidal and adulticidal tests against A. aegypti, mortality rate increased with the increased concentrations of S. torvum extract. Highest larval mortality was obtained with ethyl acetate 100% extract at the dose of 200 µg/ml after 48 hrs experiment, followed by methanol 64% and hexane 42% leaf extract. The LC₅₀ values of leaf extract was observed as 159.594 µg/mL, 182.272 µg/mL at 24 hrs interval and 85.2833 µg/mL, 138.472 µg/mL 48 hrs interval for ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts, respectively. In adulticidal activity highest mortality rate was obtained in ethyl acetate extract at 92% for the dose of 2 mg/ml after 24 hrs, followed by methanol 74% and hexane 52% leaf extracts. The LC₅₀ values were 0.453 mg/mL, 0.790 mg/mL and 1.294 mg/mL with ethyl acetate, methanol and hexane extracts at 24 hrs interval against Aedes aegypti. In control treatment, no mortality rate was observed. Thus the present study showed the potential application of S. torvum leaf extract in the control of dengue mosquito under the laboratory conditions

Keywords

Aedes aegypti, ecofriendly management, Solanum torvum, vector.

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