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S. Kumaran ¹, R. Kannan ², T. Milton ³

Affiliations
1 Faculty of Management Studies, Dr.MGR University, Chennai, IN
2 Department of Hotel Management and Catering Science, MKU College, Madurai, IN
3 Hotel and Catering Management, Asan Memorial College, Chennai, IN

Abstract

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S. Kumaran ¹, A. Solaimalai ¹, N. Ravisankar ¹, B. Chandrasekaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, IN

Abstract

The nutrients which play important role in the nutrition of groundnut crop are sulphur, phosphorus and calcium. The main factor which is responsible for low yields in groundnut is inadequate and imbalance use of nutrients. High prices of chemical fertilizers led to combination of organic and inorganic nutrient sources which helps to maintain high productivity both in crop and soil. Timing of fertilizers application enhances the efficiency of applied fertilizers. Research reports of various studies conducted all over India indicate significant favourable influence of combined application of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on growth and yield attributes as well as yield of groundnut.

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K. Ramamoorthy ¹, A. Christopher Lourduraj ¹, S. Kumaran ¹, T. M. Thiyagarajan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641003, IN

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted during kharif and rabi 2000 to study the influence of short duration grain legumes (cowpea and greengram) on the productivity of succeeding finger millet under rainfed conditions. Results revealed that maximum dry matter production and vegetable yield was obtained in cowpea (CO 2), as compared to greengram (Pusa bold). In succeeding finger millet crop, higher grain and straw yield were obtained when the haulms of previous cowpea were incorporated after harvest for vegetable purpose. Transplanting of finger millet with phosphorus application recorded higher grain yields as compared to other treatments.

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R. Ilamaran ¹, S. Kumaran ²

Affiliations
1 Water Resource Department/ Public Works Department, Government of Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Periyar Maniyammai University, Vallam, Thanjavur – 613403, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Presence of nutrients such as nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K) in water bodies majorly contributed by irrigation run off resulting in the prolific growth of aquatic weeds that cause undesirable effects including water flow obstruction, damage of river banks, decrease in the quality of agricultural field and loss of aquatic life. Therefore, it is vital to device novel methods for the removal of N, P, K in irrigation run offs. We established a novel filter media named Multi Filter Media (MFM) using the natural waste material like coconut fifer and paddy husk with course sand of size 4.75 mm to 2 mm and supported by gravel medium. Extensive Experiment prove that 85% to 90% of potassium and phosphorous were successfully removed. Further, 50% of annual maintenance cost of the selected study area of the drainage carrier drain will be reduced, while adopting this method of Multi filter media made up of concrete in the irrigation field.

Keywords

Aquatic Weeds, Irrigation Run Off, Multi Filter Media (MFM), Nutrients, Waste Materials.

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E. Venkata Kondaiah ¹, S. Sundarrajan ¹, S. Kumaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, IN

Abstract

In the present investigation, microstructure and mechanical properties of sinter - forged AISI 4145 steel have been examined. Homogeneous powder blend of steel corresponding to AISI 4145 composition has been taken to prepare the compacts of 30 mm diameter with 1.0 aspect ratio on hydraulic press using suitable die assembly. Protective coated green compact preforms have been sintered at 1150° C ± 10° C for a period of 90 min. Subsequently, the sintered preforms have been hot upset forged to square cross-sectional bars (~13 mm x ~13 mm) with the length of 110 ± 5 mm. Further, the bars have been quenched in oil with and without homogenization. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation, and impact strength have been analysed. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies have been used to characterize the metallurgical features of the steel on different oil quenched condition. Microstructure reveals the ferrite, pearlite and non-equilibrium marten site structures in the sinter-forged low alloy steel. Sinter forged steel exhibits enhanced strength and hardness in homogenized oil quenched condition.

Keywords

Sintering, Forging, Low Alloy Steel, Oil-quenching, Homogenization.

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V. V. Ravikumar ¹, S. Kumaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli 620 015, IN

Abstract

In the present investigation, Al-12 Zn-3 Mg-2.5 Cu (AA7xxx series) alloy ingot has been fabricated by liquid metallurgy route and tensile and wears behaviour of Al-12 Zn-3 Mg-2.5 Cu alloy have been studied. Cast Al-12 Zn-3 Mg- 2.5 Cu alloy reveals distribution of both soluble and insoluble intermetallic compounds in the a-aluminium matrix. In order to improve the mechanical properties and condition, the microstructural features and precipitation hardening (solutionizing and ageing) treatment have been carried out by keeping temperature and time as variables. Ageing treatment has been carried out at 120 °C with varying time interval. Tensile and hardness studies have been carried out on the aged alloys. Detailed microscopic analysis has been done using optical and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) to understand the phase and structural evolution during ageing. There is a significant increment in strength and hardness at precipitation conditions with reasonable ductility, i.e., 603 ± 10 MPa and 6% elongation. Wear behavior of the alloy has been studied using the pin-on-disc technique with varying load and keeping sliding speed and time as constant. Wear rate of cast (4.11 X 10^-5 mm³/m) condition is more than aged (3.21 X 10^-5 mm³/m). Wear rate of cast is 20% more than aged conditions. Precipitation hardened alloy shows better wear resistance than cast and solutionized alloy.

Keywords

Al-12 Zn-3 Mg-2.5 Cu Alloys, Precipitation Hardening, Tensile Behaviour, Wear.

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