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Ganeshan, S.
- Tipam Group in the Subsurface of Upper Assam Valley, South of Brahmaputra
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Oil & Natural Gas Commission, Assam, IN
1 Oil & Natural Gas Commission, Assam, IN
Source
Journal of Geological Society of India (Online archive from Vol 1 to Vol 78), Vol 15, No 2 (1974), Pagination: 165-181Abstract
The Tipam group in the subsurface of Upper Assam valley is discussed in this paper. The group is divisible into four formations in'ascending order: the Geleki sandstone, the Lakwa clay, the Nazira sandstone, and the Girujan clay. Within the Geleki sandstone a basal member, the Safrai, and Teok sandstone member within the Girujan clay are mappable. These rock-stratigraphic units are systematically described. The group unconformably overlies the Barail group, and is overlain unconformably by the Namsang formation. The problem of the Surma group in the area is discussed and it is concluded that this group is not developed here. Its age equivalents form a part of the Geleki sandstone. The age of the Tipam group ranges from Middle Miocene to Pliocene. The present subcrop Tipam rocks were formed by fluvial processes in an intermountain continental basin. Commercial accumulation of oil in these rocks and older formations has fed to extensive deep drilling which provided data for the present study.- Fruit/Seed Morphology, Seed Drying and Germination Studies in Baccaurea courtallensis (Muell.) Arg., a Threatened Under-Utilized Fruit Species of Western Ghats in India
Abstract Views :193 |
PDF Views:123
Authors
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru – 560 089, Karnataka, IN
2 TBGRI, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IN
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru – 560 089, Karnataka, IN
2 TBGRI, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, IN
Source
Journal of Horticultural Sciences, Vol 11, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 76-79Abstract
A study was under taken on fruit and seed morphology, seed drying, seed germination and storage behavior in Baccaurea courtallensis, as, this plant is propagated mainly through seeds. Its fruit is a berry consisting of an outer, semi-hard but fleshy rind 2-3 mm thick. The cavity inside the rind is normally occupied by a single, arillate seed, but, two seeds are also seen occasionally. Fresh rind was found to be rich in antioxidants, with 237mg total phenols and 93mg flavonoids per 100 gram fresh weight, but was poor in Vitamin C. A thick, fleshy endosperm is surrounded by the inner seed-coat. The endosperm surrounds the embryo consisting of two papery-thin cotyledons and a minute embryonic axis. Germination was highest (96.7%) when seeds were sown immediately after extraction, with moisture content of about 50%. Reduction in moisture to below 34% showed a drastic decrease in germination. Dried seeds took longer to germinate than did the fresh ones. Seeds with 21% moisture recorded about 60% germination whereas, seeds with 10.2% or 8% moisture failed to germinate, indicating a recalcitrant seed. Temperature in the range of 25-30°C was found to be optimum. Of the two media tested for raising the seedlings, cocopeat medium was superior as, it induced faster growth of the seedlings. Seedling ischolar_main and shoot were considerably longer, with higher seedling survival rate in cocopeat than in the soil-mix medium. Seedling establishment was poor when planted out of their natural habitat.Keywords
Baccaurea courtallensis, Seed Morphology, Seed Moisture, Seed Germination.References
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