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Devasahayam, S.
- Effect of Carrier Media on Population Fluctuation of Trichoderma harzianum (MTCC5179) in Black Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Rhizosphere and their Interaction with Soil Microflora and Fauna
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Spices Research, P.B. No. 1701, Marikunnu Post, Calicut - 673012, Kerala, IN
1 Indian Institute of Spices Research, P.B. No. 1701, Marikunnu Post, Calicut - 673012, Kerala, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 1 (2008), Pagination: 25-32Abstract
Trichoderma harzianum is used as a biocontrol agent to manage Phytophthora foot rot of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in India. Several organic materials such as sorghum, neem cake, decomposed coir pith and farmyard manure are used both as multiplication and carrier media for T. harzianum. The effect of these carrier media on the population build up of T. harzianum in black pepper rhizosphere and their effect on microflora and fauna was studied. The organic materials increased the population of introduced T. harzianum and also increased populations of fungi, bacteria, microarthropods and nematodes. In case of sorghum, there was a sudden spurt in the population of saprophytic nematodes and mycophagous mites within 15 days followed by a succession of predatory mites and nematodes. The unspent carbohydrate and mycelial form of T.harzianum in sorghum perhaps helped in the population build up of soil microarthropods and nematodes, which in turn affect the biocontrol efficiency of the introduced organism.Keywords
Biocontrol, Black Pepper Rhizosphere, Carrier Media, Mycophagous mites, Mycophagous nematodes, Trichoderma harzianum.Full Text
- Effect of Temperature on the Infectivity of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Shoot Borer (Conogethes punctiferalis Guen.) Infesting Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.)
Abstract Views :375 |
PDF Views:138
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode (Kerala) 673 012, IN
1 Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode (Kerala) 673 012, IN
Source
Journal of Biological Control, Vol 29, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 187-193Abstract
The attachment, penetration, infectivity and multiplication of eight native isolates of Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 01), Steinernema sp. (IISR-EPN 02), Steinernema sp. (IISR-EPN 03), S. carpocapsae (IISR-EPN 06), Oscheius spp. (IISR-EPN 04, 05, and 08) and O. gingeri were tested against larvae of Conogethes punctiferalis at different temperatures viz., 20, 25, 30 and 35°C. The temperature significantly affected attachment, penetration, pathogenicity and multiplication ability of infective juveniles (IJs) of all tested EPNs. Among the test temperatures, maximum mortality of larvae was found at 30°C followed by 25°C, whereas the least mortality was recorded at 20 and 35°C. Maximum number of infective juveniles was multiplied at 30°C, however minimum multiplication was recorded at 35°C. Among the test EPNs, no multiplication of Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 01), Steinernema sp. (IISR-EPN 03) and O. gingeri was recorded at 20°C. IJs attached to larvae of C. punctiferalis in higher number after 6 h at 25 and 30°C. Whereas, maximum number of IJs penetrated into C. punctiferalis larvae at 30°C. Therefore, the optimal temperature for infection and development for all promising EPNs was 30°C.Keywords
Entomopathogenic Nematodes, Ginger, Shoot Borer, Temperature.Full Text
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