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M. P. Sathe ¹, S. A. Lad ¹, M. G. Kale ¹

Affiliations
1 Post Graduate Institute Dr. Pajabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (M.S.), IN

Abstract

In order to study the in situ soil and water conservation measures and the impact of soil and water conservation measures in terms of increase in soil moisture content, biometric observations, moisture use and production efficiency, reduction in runoff, soil and nutrient losses, three land configurations were studied for soil-water management, viz., cultivation along the slope with opening of tide furrow (T₁), contour cultivation with opening of alternate furrow (T₂) and contour cultivation with opening of ridges and furrows (T₃). The present investigation revealed that the treatment T₃ was more prominent and favourably influenced the crop growth, soil moisture, moisture use and production efficiency, cost benefit ratio due to the drastic change in the runoff hydrograph characteristics and reduction in runoff, soil loss and nutrient losses, followed by treatment T₂ over the treatment T₁. In the context of above results, it is concluded that the in situ soil and water conservation measures is the need of day in rainfed agriculture for the management of erratic and vagarious rainfall under the changing climatic conditions. From the study of the rainfall characteristics like duration, intensity classification, frequency distribution of rainy days, kinetic energy of rainstorms and erosion index, it is revealed that out of 47 rainy days, 41 rainy days were commenced with rainfall intensity <25 mm hr^-1 and 6 rainy days were commenced with 25-50 mm hr^-1 rainfall intensity.

Keywords

Land Configurations, Soil Moisture, Cotton Under Rainfed Conditions.

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M. P. Sathe ¹, M. G. Kale ², S. A. Lad ²

Affiliations
1 Post Graduate Institute Dr. Pajabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (M.S.), IN
2 Graduate Institute Dr. Pajabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (M.S.), IN

Abstract

In order to study the various land configurations and the impact of soil and water conservation measures in terms of improving the in soil characterstics, soil nutrients and reduction in soil and nutrient losses, three land configurations were studied for soil-water management, viz., cultivation along the slope with opening of tide furrow (T₁), contour cultivation with opening of alternate furrow (T₂) and contour cultivation with opening of ridges and furrows (T₃). The present investigation revealed that the treatment T₃ was more prominent and favourably influenced the soil characterstics, soil nutriestsdue to the drastic change in the runoff hydrograph characteristics and reduction soil loss and nutrient losses, followed by treatment T₂ over the treatment T₁. In the context of above results, it is concluded that the various land configurations measures is the need of day in rainfed agriculture for the management of erratic and vagarious rainfall and improving the in soil characterstics and soil nutrients under the changing climatic conditions. The runoff occurred in all the treatments were due to second storm only. While comparing the peak discharge among all the treatment, it was found that, the treatment T₁had highest peak discharge 11.7 lps followed by treatment T₂ (10.7 lps) and treatment T₃ (2.03 lps). It was found that in treatment T₂ nitrogen (N) loss reduced from 21.82 kg ha^-1 to 2.4kg ha^-1 (i.e.89.00 %) over the treatment T₁and in treatment T₃ it was reduced upto 0.59 kg ha^-1 (i.e. 95.46%) over T₁.There was same trend was observed in case of phosphorus (P) and potassium (K).

Keywords

Land Configurations, Soil Charactersics, Nutrient Loss, Peak Discharge.

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