Informatics Publishing Limited

Sanjeev K. Chauhan , S. C. Sharma , R. Chauhan , Naveen Gupta , Ritu

Abstract

The increasing level ot green house gases in general and carbon dioxide in particular has raised concerns about the vulnerability of human, animal and plant life. Forests though serve as source and sink of the CO₂ there is need to synthesize the impact of climate change on forests and the role of forests in global carbon cycle. Soil accounts for a major organic carbon pool, which needs to be quantified in tree based systems. At a rotation of seven years, poplar timber carbon content was 23.57t/ha and an equal amount was contributed by ischolar_mains, leaves and tree bark. The contribution of branches was 24 per cent of the total 62,48t poplar biomass (carbon storage) in seven years. Soil organic carbon increase was also substantial under tree-crop interface than sole wheat cultivation. The annual biomass in agroforestry intervention not only accumulated sixty per cent more carbon but a major portion of carbon is stored over a longer period than the sole crop.

Keywords

Poplar-wheat Intercropping, Productivity, Carbon Sequestration, Organic Carbon

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K. K. Singh ¹, A. Kumar ², A. V. Kulkarni ³, P. Datt ¹, S. K. Dewali ¹, V. Kumar ¹, R. Chauhan ¹

Affiliations
1 Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment, Chandigarh 160 036, IN
2 National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra 136 119, IN
3 Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN

Abstract

Snow depth is an important parameter for avalanche forecast and hydrological studies. In the Himalaya, manual snow depth data collection is difficult due to remote and rugged terrain and the severe weather conditions. However, microwave-based sensors in various satellites have the capability to estimate snow depth in all weather conditions. In the present study, experiments were performed to establish an algorithm for snow depth estimation using ground-based passive microwave radiometer with 6.9, 18.7 and 37 GHz antenna frequencies at Dhundhi and Patseo, Himachal Pradesh, India. Different layers in the snowpack were identified and layer properties, i.e. thickness, density, moisture content, etc. were measured manually and using a snow fork. Brightness temperature (T_B) of the entire snowpack and of the individual snow layers was measured using passive microwave radiometer. It was observed that T_B of the snow is affected by various snow properties such as depth, density, physical temperature and wetness. A decrease in T_B with increase in snow depth was observed for all types of snow. T_B of the snowpack was observed higher at Dhundhi in comparison to Patseo. Based on the measured radiometer data, snow depth algorithms were developed for the Greater Himalaya and Pir-Panjal ranges. These algorithms were validated with ground measurements for snow depth at different observatory locations and a good agreement between the two was observed (absolute error: 7 to 39 cm; correlation: 0.95).

Keywords

Brightness Temperature, Microwave Radiometer, Snow Depth Algorithm, Snowpack.

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K. Krishna ¹, S. Ghiya ¹, R. Chauhan ¹, A. Diwan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Medicine and Rheumatology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University and Medical College, Pune, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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A. Vadhera ¹, K. Patel ², H. Chapadia ³, C. Chapadia ⁴, R. Chauhan ⁵

Affiliations
1 Griffin Memorial Hospital, Oklahoma, US
2 North Penn Cardiovascular Institute, US
3 Medical College, Baroda, IN
4 Chapadia Medical Center, IN
5 Miller School of Medicine, Miami, US

Abstract

Priapism is a rare side effect of anti-psychotics. Both typical and atypical anti-psychotics can cause priapism. Priapism means persistent and most of the times painful penile erection not associated with sexual stimulation. Priapism can cause urinary retention, cavernosa fibrosis, gangrene and even impotency if it is not treated properly in time. About 50% of priapism patients end up having impotency1. Drugs account for 25-40% of priapism2. The most common drugs causing priapism are anti-hypertensives and anti-psychotics1.

In anti-psychotics, second generation anti-psychotics are more associated with priapism. But the information in the literature is limited. Most common anti-psychotics causing priapism are Risperidone, Olanzapine and Quetiapine. We are reporting a case of recurrent episode of priapism due to Quetiapine use.

Keywords

Priapism, Bipolar Disorder, Anti-Psychotics.

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R. Chauhan ¹, A. Vadher ², K. Patel ³, H. Chapadia ⁴, C. Chapadia ⁵

Affiliations
1 Miller School of Medicine, Miami, US
2 North Shore University, US
3 North Penn cardiovascular Institute, US
4 Medical College, Baroda, IN
5 Chapadia Medical Center, IN

Abstract

Dystonia is a kind of movement disorder that leads to prolonged muscle contractions, leading to abnormal postures of the trunk, neck, face, arms or legs. It can be generalised or focal and primary or secondary depending on the etiology. It can manifest as oculogyric crisis, abnormal tongue movements, torticollis and opisthotonus. Laryngeal and pharyngeal spasms may as well be life threatening. Drug induced dystonia is most commonly caused by the drugs which alter the dopaminergic and cholinergic balance in the nigrostriatum (basal ganglia). Most of these drugs cause dystonia by blocking D2 dopaminergic receptors in the nigrostriatum which leads to an unopposed and unbalanced cholinergic output. Antipsychotics along with metoclopramide are the most common drugs which are responsible for the various dystonias and a common presentation in the psychiatric wards.

Keywords

Risperidone, Dystonia, Dislocation.

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