Informatics Publishing Limited

Prakash Goudanavar ¹, Justin Jacob ¹, M. Shiva Rama Krishna ¹, Sharan Elizabeth John ¹, Yalavarthi Keerthi ¹

Affiliations
1 N.E.T Pharmacy College, Raichur, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Background: Polypharmacy and inappropriate prescriptions are prominent prescribing issues with elderly patients.Beer's criteria and other guidelines have been developed to assist in the reduction of potentially inappropriate medications prescribed to elderly patients.

Objective: The present work was undertaken to study prescribing pattern of various drugs in elderly patients & also to evaluate inappropriate prescribing with the help of Beers criteria.

Materials & Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted in Navodaya Medical College & Hospital from November 2014 to April 2015. A total of 400 case records of inpatients s65years in medical,sugery and orthopaedic wards were reviewed. Relevant information was recorded in a structured proforma & data was evaluated.

Results: Most of the cases were from respiratory system (28%), followed by cardiovascular system (18.75%). The most commonly prescribed drugs were antimicrobials (19.106%). Polypharmacy was observed in 344(83.5%) patients. According to Beers criteria, 256 drugs were prescribed inappropriately & all these drugs were to be generally avoided in older adults.

Conclusion: This study has shown the patterns of diseases prevalent in geriatric patients, drug use among them and also suggests that drugs to be avoided in elderly. Prevalence of polypharmacy was high which is usually unavoidable in the elderly.

Keywords

Polypharmacy, Prescribing Pattern, Geriatrics.

Full Text

   

Ashish Kute ¹, Prakash Goudanavar ¹, Doddayya Hiremath ¹, S. R. Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, NET Pharmacy College, Raichur-584 103, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The present work deals with the preparation of perindopril erbumine proniosomal gel by coaservation phase separation method by using different surfactants in different ratios. The prepared proniosomal formulation were evaluated for Vesicle size analysis, Surface morphological studies, Rate of spontaneity, encapsulation efficiency, In vitro release Stability studies kinetic data analysis. The vesicle of proniosome varied between 15.13±4.65μm to24.05±2.10μm (without agitation) from 4.65±5.89μm to 9.7±0.15μm (with agitation), Rate of spontaneity between 9.10±0.65mm³×1000 to 15.26±5.35mm³×1000, % encapsulation efficiency between 70.72±0.39% to 76.43±5.56%. In vitro release profile indicated that, increases in liphophilicity of surfactants decreases release of perindopril erbumine from proniosomal formulations. Among the various formulation studied, proniosomal gel with T20:T60 in ratio of 900:100showed the highest % of drug release (80.03%) over period of 24 hrs. Cumulative amount of drug permeated through rat abdominal skin for optimized formulation was found to be 75.263%. The mechanism of drug release was Non-Fickin diffusion controlled zero order kinetics for optimized formulations PNG3, PNG6, PNG9, PNG12. Stability studies indicated that, the prepared proniosomal gel remained more stable at room refrigeration temperature than oven temperature.

Keywords

Perindopril Erbumine, Spans Tweens, Cholesterol In vitro release.

Full Text

     

Prakash Goudanavar ¹, Doddayya Hiremath ¹, D. Spandana ¹, S. R. Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, N.E.T Pharmacy College, Mantralayam Road, Raichur-584103, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The present study was aimed at developing and evaluating fast disintegrating tablets of Granisetron HCl using natural superdisintegrants like Plantago ovata, gum karaya and agar and synthetic superdisintegrants like Indion 234, croscaramellose sodium and crospovidone in different concentration. Fast disintegrating tablets were prepared by direct compression method. Effect of superdisintegrants on wetting, disintegration and dissolution parameters were studied. Fast disintegrating tablets were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Preformulation studies were found as per literature limits. Drug was compatible with superdisintegrants. The prepared tablets were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness, friability, in vitro dispersion time, wetting time, in vitro disintegration time, drug content and in vitro drug release. Results revealed that Formulation F2 containing 5% of Plantago ovata shown disintegration time of 17.10 sec and the drug release was up to 99.66% in 3 minutes. In vitro disintegration time decreases with increase in concentration of all superdisintegrants. Hence the present study revealed that this natural super disintegrants like Plantago ovata, gum karaya and agar showed better release than the most widely used synthetic superdisintegrants like Indion 234, crospovidone, Croscaramellose sodium in the formulations of FDTs.

Keywords

Fast Disintegrating Tablets, Granisetron HCl, Direct Compression, Superdisintegrants.

Full Text