Informatics Publishing Limited

Vipin Koushal ¹, Raman Sharma ¹, Ravinder Yadav ², Meenakshi Sharma ³, Pallvi Aggarwal ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Hospital Administration, GMCH, Chandigarh, IN
2 Department of Medical Records GMCH, Chandigarh, IN
3 School of Public Health PGIMER, Chandigarh,, IN
4 Department of Psychiatry PGIMER,Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

With the notification of Biomedical Waste Management (BMW) Rules 1998, health care institutions are self responsible to dispose of BMW and it costs a significant part of overall budget of a hospital. In the BMW management, two types of costs are incurred by hospitals viz. internal and external. Internal cost is the cost for segregation, disinfection, internal storage and transportation and external cost involves off site transport and final disposal. A descriptive study was conducted in multispecialty Hospital to do cost analysis in outsourcing of BMW management. Approximately 183 Kg of infectious waste is generated daily while load of plastic and general waste is 49 kg and 1,050 Kg respectively. The total expenditure was INR 28, 60,394 after deducting the revenue generated (INR 5, 67,060/-). Load of BMW produced per bed/day is 1.84 Kg. and the hospital has to bear the expenditure of INR 7,837/-per day and INR 11.26/bed/day.

Keywords

Biomedical Waste, Cost-effectiveness, Hospitals, Outsourcing

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Ravinder Yadav ¹, Vipin Koushal ², Pallvi Aggarwal ³, Varinder Saini ⁴, Raman Sharma ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Records GMCH-32, Chandigarh, IN
2 Medical Superintendent, GMCH-32, Chandigarh, IN
3 ART Centre PGIMER, Chandigarh, IN
4 Department of Medical Records, GMCH-32, Chandigarh, IN
5 Department of Hospital Administration, GMCH-32, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

Holistic concepts of health are basic to indigenous beliefs on the nature of health and well-being. The relationship between physical and mental health and between the social, biological and psychological determinants of these positive states is complex. Similar nature of complex relationships has been established physical illness and mental illness. A complex mix of psychological, social and physiological processes is involved in the onset and course of illness.Also, spiritual, environmental, physical, social and emotional factors are found interacting with influencing each other in complex ways. Positive psychology implies that if people are taught to be resilient and optimistic they will be less likely to suffer from depression and problems. This psychology also deals with personal hopefulness, associated with better adjustment to mental and physical illness and to major life stressors. Mental health as social and emotional intelligence highlights the capacity to recognize and respond appropriately to the emotions of the self and others. It also encompasses the concept of happiness as it relates to joy, love, self-efficacy, play and deep involvement rather than happiness as an illusionary high. The sense of mental well-being generated by physical exercise and the sense of achievement generated by physical actions to achieve certain goals are positive interactive processes between these two domains. Thus, these interrelationships of mental health can potentially improve physical health and the outcomes of physical and mental illnesses.

Keywords

Positive Mental and Physical Health, Health Promoting Approach.

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Ravinder Yadav ¹, Pallvi Aggarwal ², Jaspal Singh ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Records Govt. Medical College & Hospital 32, Chandigarh, IN
2 Department of Psychiatry Janta Hospital, Jalandhar, IN
3 Department of Psychology Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Mental health is a state of complete physical mental and social well being and not mercely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 2001B). Gender is the single strongest correlate of risk for different types of mental disorders. Despite the robustness of this correlation, "gender "itself is a proxy term for a complex of biological, behavioral, social and psychological variables and processes,which remain as yet incompletely understood, under the outline of appetite, aggression, exploration, sleep, energy, violence, stress, mood and their biological rhythms as they are deferentially regulated and dysregulated in males and females, in relation to mental disorders. Women tend to be less delight about life than men and this may make them more vulnerable to mental illnesses. Women tend to develop internalized symptoms, where problematic feelings are directed towards psychosis, schizophrema, bipolar disorder, unipolar disorder, suicide, the adaptations aspects of life, including access to resources, methods of copying, styles of interacting with others, self evaluation, spirituality and expectations of others, all these influence mental health either positively or negatively The paper gives light on the mental health problem among women having the most important contribution to the global burden of disease and disability and core element of mental health promotionand their fruitul basis of broad spectrum approach..We need to develop preventive strategies like adherence counseling, crisis intervention, psychological counsehng social support and educational programs for awareness. The paper gives a brief overview of the disease and focuses on the behavior of women.

Keywords

Mental Health, Issues, Women.

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Ravinder Yadav ¹, Jaspal Singh ², Pallvi Aggarwal ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Medical Records, Govt. Medical College & Hospital 32, Chandigarh, IN
2 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN
3 Department of Psychiatry, Janta Hospital, Jalandhar, IN

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis, an inflammatory disease of unknown etiology that occurs in about 1-2% of the adult population, is an autoimmune disease in which a person's immune system which normally protects the body from infection & disease attacks the joint tissues & is commonly associated with chrome inflammation of joints. There are many risk factors associated with rheumatoid arthritis & one of them is gender Studies have reported that women are three times more likely than men to have rheumatoid arthritis & they have more severe rheumatoid arthritis symptoms than men. Preventing rheumatoid arthritis is better than trying to treat the pain and disability & the other things that come along with it like heart diseases & diabetes. In order to reduce joint stress, ideal body weight should be achieved & maintained as obesity stresses the musculoskeletal system Effective means for reducing stress on specific joints should be used. A diet rich in antioxidants is also recommended for the rheumatoid arthritis patients. The goal of medical care is not only to achieve long term survival but also to achieve the best possible psychological, social and spiritual wellbeing. With increased life expectancy of these patients, complication keep arising such as toxicities, hepatic involvement, psychiatric problems and psychological manifestations, these manifest as anxiety, nervousness, irritability, demanding attention, depression in RA patients. This paper emphasizes the fact that these patients may require something more than simple medical management and also psychological support, we need to develop preventive strategies like adherence counseling, crisis intervention, psychological counseling and social support and educational programs for awareness. The paper gives a brief overview of the disease and focuses on the behavior of women with RA. We have described their psychological symptoms and strongly recommend psychological intervention as part of effective management plan.

Keywords

RA, Hormone, Rich Diet, Psychological Interventions.

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Raman Sharma ¹, Ravinder Yadav ², Vipin Koushal ¹, Pallvi Aggarwal ³, Meenakshi Sharma ⁴, Varinder Saini ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Hospital Administration, GMCH, Chandigarh, IN
2 Department of Hospital Administration, GMCH, Chandigarh
3 Department of Psychiatry, GMCH, Chandigarh, IN
4 Department of Pediatrics, GMCH, Chandigarh, IN
5 Department of Medical Records, GMCH, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

Needle stick and sharp injuries (NSSI) among Health Care have a significant impact on the morbidity and mortality. Preventing NSSI is an essential part and every healthcare facility should have an infection control program in work place. A two months descriptive study was conducted in city hospital, Chandigarh to evaluate NSSI among Housekeeping Workers (HkW) specifically to determine the occurrence of NSSI, circumstances under which NSSI occur and measures to prevent NSSIs. Out of 434 HkW, 244 were identified at risk of NSSI. The self structured questionnaire were administered to participants to assess awareness and importance of handling BMW, education and training of BMW handling, causes of injuries etc. 93.0% (214) of HkW had knowledge of segregation, categorization and significance of color coding, 96.5% (222) were well aware of the efforts taken by the hospital authorities in the BMW management. No HkW has ever been imparted training regarding BMW management and all came to know while working in the hospital only. After NSSI exposure 32% (74) of HkW responded immediately, 10 per cent took action later on the same day while the rest did not take any action. When asked about factors for NSSI, 94% (214) responded that they themselves were responsible. NSSIs are observed in all categories of Healthcare workers (HCW) and there is a scope for improvement in safety protocols. Preventive strategies have to be devised and reporting must be made mandatory. Such programs and innovations are necessary for all HCW safety and security.

Keywords

Sharp Injuries, Needle Stick, Housekeeping Workers.

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