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- I. Sekar
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- Premlata Singh
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- Divya Jacob
- R. Venkatnarayanan
- Jaiprakash Bisen
- Shiv Kumar
- K. S. Aditya
- Nittala S. Sarma
- Sudarsana Rao Pandi
- N. V. H. K. Chari
- Gundala Chiranjeevulu
- Rayaprolu Kiran
- K. Shiva Krishna
- D. Bhaskara Rao
- B. Charan Kumar
- A. V. Raman
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Venkatesh, P.
- How do the Stakeholders Perceive Plant Variety Protection in Indian Seed Sector?
Abstract Views :236 |
PDF Views:83
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Agricultural Economics, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
1 Division of Agricultural Economics, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 12 (2016), Pagination: 2239-2244Abstract
Creativity and innovation are important factors for sustainable agricultural growth. Intellectual property rights (IPR) is the key driver of innovation. However, many argue against this view, as it would benefit only a certain section in a country. The present study analyses the perception of stakeholders on Indian IPR system for plant varieties. A perception survey was conducted among various stakeholders of the seed industry across the country during 2011-12. Contrary to the view that IPR plays no role in innovation, this study finds a positive perception of majority of stakeholders on plant variety protection (PVP), while highlighting the hits and misses of Indian PVP.Keywords
Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation, Perception, Plant Varieties, Stakeholder.Full Text
- Formulation and Evaluation of Mycophenolate Mofetil Capsules
Abstract Views :181 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, R.V.S College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore-641402, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trichy Road, Coimbatore-641402, IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, R.V.S College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sulur, Coimbatore-641402, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trichy Road, Coimbatore-641402, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Form and Technology, Vol 3, No 4 (2011), Pagination: 148-151Abstract
Mycophenolate Mofetil is an immunosuppressant drug used in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and in organ transplantation in doses ranging from 180mg to 500mg. Preformulation studies including micromeritic properties of pure drug and drug excipient compatibility studies using DSC were performed. Formulation was done by Wet Granulation process. The physical properties of the blend like LOD, Bulk density, Compressibility index, Hausner ratio, and Sieve analysis were tested and the finished product were evaluated for Invitro drug release profile, Weight variation, Thickness, and Stability studies. The dissolution profile of the formulated capsules was compared with Innovator product. The release rate was identical to that of Innovator product.Keywords
Mycophenolate Mofetil, Immunosuppressant, Wet Granulation Process, Pregelatinized Starch.
- Impact of Demonetization on Agriculture:A Case Study
Abstract Views :623 |
PDF Views:463
Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Agricultural Economics, IARI, New Delhi-110012, IN
2 IARI, New Delhi-110012, IN
1 Division of Agricultural Economics, IARI, New Delhi-110012, IN
2 IARI, New Delhi-110012, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Economics and Development, Vol 5, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 1-11Abstract
Objectives: This preliminary study has been undertaken to access the impact of demonetization on agriculture and related activities of different economic agents.
Methods/Statistical analysis: The study is based on primary data collected from farmers (40), traders (30) and consumers (40) and also reviews the impact of demonetization on agriculture from different sources. Percentage and tabular analysis have been used to analyze the data.
Findings: The results show that, in the sample small and marginal farmers were most affected in contrast to large farmers in case of sowing, purchase of inputs and sale of agricultural commodities. Among commodities, farmers dealing with perishables were more affected than who dealt with grains. However, wholesalers were most affected in grain markets & retailers in fruits and vegetable markets. Consumers have used more than one mode of payment to deal with cash crunch situation but, the lower income class people and those who did not use alternative payment methods (e-payment) were affected most. Moreover, all the economic agents have responded in favor of normalization of situation at the end of February, 2017.
Improvements: However, there are scopes in future to replicate this type of study at larger scale and computation of cost and benefits of such policy shocks to know the exact economic impact.
Keywords
Agriculture, Demonetization, Economic Agents, e-Payment Methods, Fruits & Vegetables and Grains.Full Text
References
- Chand, Singh. Agricultural growth in aftermath of demonetization.http://niti.gov.in/content/agricultural-growth-aftermath-demonetization. Date accessed: 20/02/2017
- Digging through India demonetization history- .https://mostlyeconomics.wordpress.com/2016/11/11/digging-through-india-demonetization-history-12-jan-1946-saturday-and-16-jan-1978 monday.Date accessed: 26/02/2017.
- Reddy, Amrender. Demonetization hits farmers. Economic & political weekly. 2017; 52(3).
- How demonetization will impact top six sectors of the economy.http://www.financialexpress.com/economy/how-demonetization-will-impact-top-six-sectors-of-economy/490999/. Date accessed: 28/01/2017
- Government of India. Demonetization To deify or demonetize. Economic Survey. 2016-17; (4), 59-6.
- Press information bureau. Government of India. http://pib.nic.in/newsite/erelease.aspx?relid=0. Date accessed:12/04/2017
- Agmarknet. www.agmarknet.nic.in.Date accessed: 12/04/2017.
- The beginning of the end of the parallel economy in India. www.bloombergquint.com/business/2016/11/09/the-beginning-of-the-end-of-the-parallel-economy-in-india. Date accessed: 9/11/2016.
- Abdul Razaque Chhachhar, Chang feng Chen, JianbinJin. Mobile phone impact on agriculture and price information among farmers. Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2016, 9(39), 1-11.
- Spectral Modelling of Estuarine Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter
Abstract Views :285 |
PDF Views:78
Authors
Nittala S. Sarma
1,
Sudarsana Rao Pandi
1,
N. V. H. K. Chari
1,
Gundala Chiranjeevulu
1,
Rayaprolu Kiran
1,
K. Shiva Krishna
1,
D. Bhaskara Rao
1,
P. Venkatesh
1,
B. Charan Kumar
2,
A. V. Raman
2
Affiliations
1 Marine Chemistry Laboratory, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, IN
2 Marine Biological Laboratory, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, IN
1 Marine Chemistry Laboratory, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, IN
2 Marine Biological Laboratory, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 08 (2018), Pagination: 1762-1767Abstract
Measuring coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) holds advantage over dissolved organic carbon (DOC) determination, as it can be remotely estimated unlike the latter, for which it can potentially act as a proxy. The CDOM absorbance, by definition, falls exponentially with wavelength of light (λ) in the ultravioletvisible region. Investigating over 800 absorption spectra of water samples from the tropical monsoonal Godavari estuary and the Chilika brackish water lagoon, we found that the spectral slope (S) of the 330–440 nm region (S330–440) is best suited to retrieve CDOM and its exponential character.Keywords
CDOM, Chilika Lagoon, Godavari Estuary, Spectral Slope, S330–440, UV-Visible Absorbance.Full Text
References
- Coble, P. G., Marine optical biogeochemistry: the chemistry of ocean color. Chem. Rev., 2007, 107, 402–418.
- Fichot, C. G. and Benner, R., A novel method to estimate DOC concentrations from CDOM absorption coefficients in coastal waters. Geophys. Res. Letts., 2011, 38(3), doi:10.1029/2010GL046152.
- Rochelle-Newall, E. J. and Fisher, T. R., Chromophoric dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic carbon in Chesapeake Bay. Mar. Chem., 2002, 77(1), 23–41; doi:10.1016/S0304-4203(01)00073-1.
- Asmala, E., Autio, R., Kaartokallio, H., Pitkanen, L., Stedmon, C. A. and Thomas, D. N., Bioavailability of riverine dissolved organic matter in three Baltic Sea estuaries and the effect of catchment land use. Biogeoscience, 2013, 10, 6969–6986.
- Nelson, N. B. and Siegel, D. A., The global distribution and dynamics of chromophoric dissolved organic matter. Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci., 2013, 5, 447–476.
- Harvey, E. T., Kratzer, S. and Andersson, A., Relationships between coloured dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic carbon in different coastal gradients of the Baltic Sea. Ambio, 44(3), 2015, S392–S401; doi:10.1007/s13280-015-0658-4.
- Goncalves-Araujo, R., Stedmon, C. A. and Heim, B., Dubinenkov, I., Kraberg, A., Moiseev, D. and Bracher, A., From fresh to marine waters: characterization and fate of dissolved organic matter in the Lena River delta region, Siberia. Front. Mar. Sci., 2015, 2, 108; doi: 10.3389/fmars.2015.00108.
- Siegel, D. A., Maritorena, S., Nelson, N. B., Behrenfeld, M. J. and McClain, C. R., Colored dissolved organic matter and its influence on the satellite-based characterization of the ocean biosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2005, 32(20), L20605–L20608; doi:10.1029/2005GL024310.
- Jerlov, N. G., Optical Oceanography, Elsevier, New York, 1976, p. 194.
- Shifrin, K. S., Physical Optics of Ocean Water American Institute of Physics, College Park, MD, 1988, p. 285.
- Twardowski, M. S., Boss, E., Sullivan, J. M. and Donaghay, P. L., Modelling the spectral shape of absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter. Mar. Chem., 2004, 89, 69–88.
- Stedmon, C. A. and Markager, S., Behavior of the optical properties of coloured dissolved organic matter under conservative mixing. Estuar. Coastal Shelf Sci., 2003, 57, 973–979.
- Bricaud, A., Morel, A. and Prieur, L., Absorption by dissolved organic matter of the sea (yellow substance) in the UV and visible domains. Limnol. Oceanogr., 1981, 26(1), 43–53.
- Bowers, D. G. and Brett, H. L., The relationship between CDOM and salinity in estuaries: An analytical and graphical solution. J. Mar. Syst., 2008, 73(1–2), 1–7; http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2007.07.001.
- Clark, C. D., Litz, L. P. and Grant, S. B., Salt marshes as a source of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) to Southern California coastal waters. Limnol. Oceanogr., 2008, 53(5), 1923–1933.
- Hojerslev, N. K. and Aas, E., Spectral light absorption by yellow substance in the Kattegat–Skagerrak area. Oceanologia, 2001, 43, 39–60.
- Cory, R. M. and McKnight, D. M., Fluorescence spectroscopy reveals ubiquitous presence of oxidized and reduced quinones in dissolved organic matter. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2005, 39(21), 8142–8149.
- Rao, K. L., India’s Water Wealth, Its Assessment, Uses and Projections, Orient Longman, New Delhi, 1975.
- Gaillardet, J., Dupre, B., Louvat, P. and Allegre, C. J., Global silicate weathering and CO2 consumption rates deduced from the chemistry of large rivers. Chem. Geol., 1999, 159, 3–30.
- Sarkar, S., Bhattacharya, A., Bhattacharya, A., Satpathy, K., Mohanty, A. and Panigrahi, S., Chilika lake. In Encyclopedia of lakes and reservoirs (eds Bengtsson, L., Herschy, R. W. and Fairbridge, R. W.), Springer, 2012, vol. 953, pp. 148–155.
- Shank, C. G., Nelson, K. and Montagna, K., Importance of CDOM distribution and photo reactivity in a shallow Texas Estuary. Estuar. Coast, 2009, 32, 661–677.
- Chari, N. V. H. K., Sarma, N. S., Pandi, S. R. and Murthy, K. N., Seasonal and spatial constraints of fluorophores in the midwestern Bay of Bengal by PARAFAC analysis of excitation emission matrix spectra. Estuar. Coastal Shelf Sci., 2012, 100, 162–171.
- Pandi, S. R. et al., Contrasting phytoplankton community structure and associated light absorption characteristics of the western Bay of Bengal. Ocean Dynam., 2014, doi:10.1007/s10236-013-0678-1.
- Chiranjeevulu, G. et al., Colored dissolved organic matter signature and phytoplankton response in a coastal ecosystem during mesoscale cyclonic (cold core) eddy. Mar. Environ. Res., 2014, 98, 49–59; doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.03.002.
- Edwards, A. C., Hooda, P. S. and Cook, Y., Determination of nitrate in water containing dissolved organic carbon by ultraviolet spectroscopy. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 2001, 80(1), 49–59; doi:10.1080/03067310108044385.
- Chari, N. V. H. K., Keerthi, S., Sarma, N. S., Pandi, S. R., Chiranjeevulu, G., Kiran, R. and Koduru, U., Fluorescence and absorption characteristics of dissolved organic matter excreted by phyto-plankton species of western Bay of Bengal under axenic laboratory condition. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 2013, 445, 148–155.
- Hulatt, C. J., Thomas, D. N., Bowers, D. G., Norman, L. and Zhang, C., Exudation and decomposition of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) from some temperate macroalgae. Estuar. Coastal Shelf Sci., 2009, 84, 147–153.
- Helms, J., Stubbins, A., Ritchie, J. D., Minor, E., Kieber, D. J. and Mopper, K., Absorption spectral slopes and slope ratios as indicators of molecular weight, source, and photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter. Limnol. Oceanogr., 2008, 53(3), 955–969.
- Loiselle, S. A., Bracchini, L., Dattilo, A. M., Ricci, M., Tognazzi, A., Cezar, A. and Rossi, C., The optical characterization of chromophoric dissolved organic matter using wavelength distribution of absorption spectral slopes. Limnol. Oceanogr., 2009, 54(2), 590–597; doi:10.4319/lo.2009.54.2.0590.
- Del Vecchio, R. and Blough, N., Spatial and seasonal distribution of chromophoric dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic carbon in the Middle Atlantic Bight, Mar. Chem., 2004, 89, 169–187.
- Massicotte, P. and Markager S., Using a Gaussian decomposition approach to model absorption spectra of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, Mar. Chem., 2016, 180, 24–32.
- Chilli Price Forecasting using Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)
Abstract Views :470 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics (A.M.I.C.), College of Agriculture Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad (Telangana), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Economics (A.M.I.C.), College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad (Telangana), IN
1 Department of Agricultural Economics (A.M.I.C.), College of Agriculture Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad (Telangana), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Economics (A.M.I.C.), College of Agriculture, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Hyderabad (Telangana), IN
Source
International Research Journal of Agricultural Economics and Statistics, Vol 10, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 290-295Abstract
Chilli is considered as one of the commercial spice crops. It is the most widely used universal spice, named as wonder spice. Indian chilli is considered to be world famous for two important commercial qualities namely, its colour and pungency levels. India is the world leader in chilli production followed by China, Mexico, Turkey, Indonesia, Spain and United States. Farmer’s decision making on acreage under chilli depends on the future prices to be realized during harvest period (January- March). Hence, this paper presents a methodology to forecast prices during harvest period and applied the method to forecast for the Kharif 2019-20. This price forecast is based on the monthly modal price of chilli obtained for 17 years from Khammam regulated market using econometric models like ARIMA, SARIMA, ARIMAX, ARCH and GARCH and also the market survey.Model parameters were estimated using the SAS 9.3 software. The performance of fitted model was examined by computing various measures of goodness of fit viz., low AIC, BIC and MAPE values. The ARIMA (212) model was the best model for the price forecast of chilli.Chilli price per quintal will be around Rs. 8500 – 9100 at the time of harvesting (January to March 2020).Keywords
Stationary, Differencing, ARIMA, SARIMA, ARCH, GARCH, Price Forecast, MAPE.References
- Bharathi, R., Havaldhar,Y.N., Megeri, S.N. and Patil, G.M. (2009). Forecasting of arrivals and prices in Ramnagar and Siddlagatta market. J. Indian Soc. Agric. Statist., 63 (3). 247-257.
- Havaldhar, Y.N., Rajashekhar, K.R. and Banakar, Basavaraj (2006). Behaviour of arrivals and prices of vegetables. J. Indian Society of Agric. Statist., 60 : 47.
- Khem Chand, Jangid, B.L., Roy, P.K. and Rao, L.S.S. (2010). Price spread and efficiency ofHenna marketing in Western Raasthan. Indian J. Agric.Mktg., 24(2): 136-144.
- Prajneshu, Ravichandran, S. and Savita (2002). Structural time series models for describing cyclical fluctuations. J. Indian Soc. Agric. Statist., 55(1) : 70-78.
- Terry, L. Kastens, Rodney Jones and Ted, C. Schroeder ( 1998). Futures-based price forecasts for agricultural producers and businesses. J. Agric. & Resource Econ., 23 : 294-307.
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- ATC enhancement by incorporating FACTS devices for deregulating scenario in present power market
Abstract Views :203 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Research scholar, EEE Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai - 625015, IN
2 PG Scholar, EEE Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai - 625015, IN
3 Assistant Professor, EEE Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai - 625015, IN
4 Associate Professor, EEE Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai – 625015, IN
1 Research scholar, EEE Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai - 625015, IN
2 PG Scholar, EEE Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai - 625015, IN
3 Assistant Professor, EEE Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai - 625015, IN
4 Associate Professor, EEE Department, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai – 625015, IN
Source
Power Research, Vol 12, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 1-12Abstract
The cost based monopolistic power market rules are new fangled by the word deregulation. Trepidations in its conceptualisation and integrated operation in the impending scenario are transmission pricing, congestion management and Available Transfer Capability (ATC). Of this intriguing technical challenge, ATC is the one that needs to be interrogated and dogged to make open access a feasible obsession for private entity participation which is deregulation’s intention.
This research work aims at calculating ATC using non iterative, simple, Power Transfer Distribution Factors (PTDF) based methodology, enhancing them using Flexible AC Transmission system (FACTS) devices like Static compensator (STATCOM) and Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). A proven alternative to overcome extravagance by erecting new transmission facility is incorporation of FACTS devices in the existing structure that indulge in reactive power compensation. These FACTS devices are modelled using the power flow equations and is placed optimally based on the slope of sensitivity factors.
The optimal settings of FACTS devices is obtained by a soft computing technique labelled as Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) to enhance the ATC for the assumed bilateral and multilateral power contracts. The voltage and angle of shunt and series FACTS devices are randomly generated as the population of PSO on sample 6 bus and standard IEEE 30 bus systems.
Keywords
PTDF, linear slope of sensitivity factors, power flow modelling of facts, particle swarm optimisation, bilateral and multilateral transactions.- Who cultivates traditional paddy varieties and why? Findings from Kerala, India
Abstract Views :182 |
PDF Views:74
Authors
Shenaz Rasheed
1,
P. Venkatesh
1,
Dharam Raj Singh
1,
V. R. Renjini
1,
Girish Kumar Jha
1,
Dinesh Kumar Sharma
2
Affiliations
1 Division of Agricultural Economics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
1 Division of Agricultural Economics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 121, No 9 (2021), Pagination: 1188-1193Abstract
Traditional paddy varieties are climate resilient, local stress-tolerant, low-input intensive and valuable sources of genetic diversity that have been under the threat of extinction from rising preferences for high yielding varieties. However, farmers in few pockets of the globe continue to cultivate traditional paddy varieties. This study therefore is an attempt at investigating who cultivates them and why they do so, through the survey of 225 paddy farmers in Wayanad district of Kerala. Results revealed that traditional paddy varieties were grown mainly by marginal and tribal farmers for chief purposes of self-consumption, and for associated traditional values and conservation. Farmers’ varietal selection decisions were found to be influenced by varietal traits related to consumption aspects, consumer demand, pest and disease resistance. Therefore, by cultivating traditional paddy varieties, farmers have been conserving these valuable genetic resources on-farm. However, stronger concerted institutional interventions are required for full-fledged, systematic and sustained in situ conservation of agricultural biodiversityKeywords
Agrobiodiversity, in-situ conservation, traditional paddy varieties, varietal traits.Full Text
References
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- A Study on Consumer Awareness, Perception and Willingness to Pay for Biofortified Products in Delhi, India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Agricultural Economics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
1 Division of Agricultural Economics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
2 Division of Agricultural Extension, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 125, No 7 (2023), Pagination: 728-736Abstract
Malnutrition, which can perpetuate a cycle of poverty and ill health, will disproportionately impact people. Biofortification is an initiative to ensure improved nutritional outcomes in developing countries, where approaches to food supplements and commercially marketed fortified foods are limited. A primary survey was carried out in and around the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, India. A total of 134 respondents from urban and 123 respondents from rural areas were interviewed. The results revealed that the majority of respondents in urban areas (72%) presumed that biofortified products were higher in micronutrients than those in rural areas (49%). The findings reveal that age and gender negatively impact consumer awareness of biofortification, while education, food habits and income exert a positive and significant impact. The policy implications drawn should enable the development of consumer-based food products by creating a niche market and using an appropriate marketing channel to increase consumer acceptance and WTP.Keywords
Biofortification, Consumer Awareness, Malnutrition, Perception, Willingness to Pay.Full Text
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