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Sivaraj, P.
- Interleaved Two Channel Boost Converter for Power Factor Correction using Boundary Conduction Mode
Abstract Views :154 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of EEE, Bharath University, Chennai – 600073, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of EEE, Vel Tech Dr. RR and Dr. SR Technical University, Chennai – 600073, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of EEE, Bharath University, Chennai – 600073, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of EEE, Vel Tech Dr. RR and Dr. SR Technical University, Chennai – 600073, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 8, No 32 (2015), Pagination:Abstract
This paper presents the concept of interleaved pulse width modulation to achieve boost converter with power factor correction and regulated DC voltage. The boost converter employs boundary conduction mode and zero current switching to achieve power factor correction. The converter is having a high voltage conversion ratio with wide span of turn ON and OFF period, which will differentiate this proposed converter from the conventional boost converter. The interleaved pulse width modulation will reduce current ripples of input and output currents. The interleaving will also aid to the reduction in size of the inductor and capacitor used for the proposed converter. In this paper the circuit configuration, principle of operation, simulation results, experimental results of the proposed converter are presented.Keywords
Boundary Conduction Mode, Power Factor Correction, Pulse Width Modulation, Zero Cross SwitchingFull Text
- Attitude of Paddy Farmers towards Crop Insurance in Erode and Tiruchirappalli Districts of Tamil Nadu
Abstract Views :204 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (T.N.), IN
2 Directorate of Extension Education, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (T.N.), IN
3 Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (T.N.), IN
1 Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (T.N.), IN
2 Directorate of Extension Education, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (T.N.), IN
3 Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore (T.N.), IN
Source
Agriculture Update, Vol 11, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 90-92Abstract
Crop insurance is one alternative to manage risk in yield loss by the farmers. It helps in stabilization of farm production and income of the farming community. This paper has reported the results of a survey of 200 paddy farmers conducted to assess their attitude and awareness about various facets of crop insurance schemes and to analyze the factors affecting awareness among the farmers. The paper further examines the attitude about crop insurance in paddy farmers of Erode and Tiruchirappalli districts of Tamil Nadu. Majority of them had moderate to less favourable attitude towards crop insurance. The study concludes with various suggestions for increasing the awareness level of the farmers for ensuring better penetration of crop insurance in both districts.
Keywords
Crop Insurance, Education, Awareness, Paddy Farmers, Social.
- Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
Abstract Views :141 |
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Authors
P. Sivaraj
1,
G. Rajeshkumar
1
Affiliations
1 Theni Kammavar Sangam College of Technology, Theni-625534, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Theni Kammavar Sangam College of Technology, Theni-625534, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
International Journal of Engineering Research, Vol 3, No 1 (2014), Pagination: 21-25Abstract
This work presents a systematic approach to evaluate and study the effect of process parameters on tensile flexural and impact strength of coir and bagasse fiber reinforced polyester-based hybrid composites and also predicts the properties of random oriented hybrid composites. The composite panel was fabricated using hand lay-up method to the size of 300mmx200mmx3mm with various weight percentage of natural fibers namely coir (10, 20 and 30 wt %) and bagasse (10, 20 and 30 wt %) combined with polyester resin. The mechanical properties testing such as tensile, flexural and impact strength were carried out for the samples cut from the fabricated composite panel to the dimensions as per ASTM standard. The significant contribution of mixing of fiber was determined by analysis of variance. The second-order polynomial curve fitting equations are modelled to predict the mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strength. Also scanning electron microscopy testing was conducted on tensile test specimen to find the fiber matrix interfacial adhesion.Keywords
Hybrid Fibers, Polyester, Tensile Strength, Flexural Strength, Impact Strength, ANOVA, SEM.Full Text
- Fatigue Behaviour of Friction Stir Welded Rolled Thick Plates of AA7075-T651 Aluminium Alloy Joints
Abstract Views :230 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar - 608 002, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 46, No 4 (2013), Pagination: 31-43Abstract
The fatigue strength of welded joints represents the core problem for their industrial applications. Friction stir welding (FSW) demonstrated the enhancement of fatigue resistance for aluminium alloys, with respect to traditional fusion techniques. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the fatigue properties of 12 mm thick AA 7075 -T651 aluminium alloy plates joined by friction stir welding (FSW) process. The fatigue properties were evaluated under uniaxial tensile loading condition (stress ratio = 0.1, Frequency=10Hz) at room temperature using servo-hydraulic controlled machine. The fatigue endurance (S-N) curves of the welded joints and unwelded parent metal were constructed. The resultant fatigue properties were correlated with the tensile, hardness and microstructural characteristics of welded joints. The mode of failure was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy. It is found that the fatigue life of friction stir welded AA 7075- T651 Aluminium alloy joints is appreciably lower than unwelded parent metal but it is higher than fusion welded joints.
Keywords
AA 7075 Aluminium Alloy, Friction Stir Welding, Fatigue, Microstructure.- Influence of Joint Configuration on Linear Friction Welded Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Joints
Abstract Views :271 |
PDF Views:5
Authors
Affiliations
1 Research Scholar, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor and Head, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Scientist F, Materials Group, Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) DRDO, Bengaluru, IN
5 Scientist D, Materials Group, Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) DRDO, Bengaluru, IN
1 Research Scholar, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Professor and Head, Centre for Materials Joining and Research (CEMAJOR), Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Scientist F, Materials Group, Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) DRDO, Bengaluru, IN
5 Scientist D, Materials Group, Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE) DRDO, Bengaluru, IN
Source
Indian Welding Journal, Vol 54, No 2 (2021), Pagination: 67-75Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V alloy is a unique material for structural applications of aerospace industry for the excellent strength and lightweight. The fusion welding of this Titanium alloy resulted severe residual stress formation and coarser grains in the fusion zone. To overcome these problems, a solid state linear friction welding (LFW) is a emerge technique to joining of blade and disk assembly in the next generation aero engines. The plastic deformation followed by forging action resulted finer grain structures in welded regions. This investigation elaborated mechanical behavior and microstructural characteristics of linear friction welded joints. The welding parameters established by statistical response surface methodology. The fabricated joints yielded maximum tensile strength and joint efficiency of 1011 MPa and 98%. The lower microhardness recorded in the thermo mechanical affected zone (TMAZ) among the weld cross section. The weld nugget microstructure composed of equiaxed grain structure. The fracture surface revealed that joints failed under ductile mode. The result concluded that the weld failure mainly due to grain coarsening subsequent deformation leads to weld failure in the LFW joint.Keywords
Linear Friction Welding, Titanium Alloy, Microhardness, Microstructures, Fractography.References
- Bhamji I, Preuss M, Moat RJ, Threadgill PL and Addison AC (2012); Linear friction welding of aluminium to magnesium. Sci Technol Weld Join., 17 (5), pp. 368-374 .
- Gao XL, Zhang LJ, Liu J and Zhang JX (2013); A comparative study of pulsed Nd: YAG laser welding and TIG welding of thin Ti6Al4V titanium alloy plate. Mater Sci Eng A., 559, pp. 14-21.
- McAndrew AR, Colegrove PA, Bühr C, Flipo BCD and Vairis A (2018); A literature review of Ti-6Al-4V linear friction welding. Prog Mater Sci., 92,pp.225-257.
- Guo Y, Attallah MM, Chiu Y, Li H, Bray S and Bowen P (2017); Spatial variation of microtexture in linear friction welded Ti-6A-4V. Mater Charact., 127, pp.342-347.
- Fall A, Jahazi M, Khdabandeh AR and Fesharaki MH (2017); Effect of process parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir-welded ti-6al4v joints. Int J Adv Manuf Technol., 91, pp. 2919-2931.
- Wanjara P and Jahazi M (2005); Linear friction welding of Ti-6Al-4V: Processing, microstructure, and mechanicalproperty inter-relationships. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci., 36, pp. 2149-2164.
- Meschut G, Janzen V and Olfermann T (2014); Innovative and highly productive joining technologies for multi-material lightweight car body structures. J. of Materi Eng and Perform., 23, pp. 1515-1523.
- Abbasi K, Beidokhti B and Sajjadi SA (2017); Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V welds using α, near-α and α+β filler alloys. Mater Sci Eng A., 702, pp.272-278.
- Kishore Babu N, Ganesh Sundara Raman S, Mythili R and Saroja S (2007); Correlation of microstructure with mechanical properties of TIG weldments of Ti-6Al-4V made with and without current pulsing. Mater Charact., 58, pp.581-587.
- Balasubramanian M, Jayabalan V and Balasubramanian V (2008); Effect of pulsed gas tungsten arc welding on corrosion behavior of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. Mater Des., 29, pp. 1359-1363.
- Cao X and Jahazi M (2009); Effect of welding speed on butt joint quality of Ti-6Al-4V alloy welded using a highpower Nd:YAG laser. Opt Lasers Eng., 47, pp. 1231-1241.
- Romero J, Attallah MM, Preuss M, Karadge M and Bray SE (2009); Effect of the forging pressure on the microstructure and residual stress development in Ti6Al-4V linear friction welds. Acta Mater., 57, pp. 5582-5592.
- Li WY, Ma TJ, Yang SQ, Xu QZ, Zhang Y, Li JL and Liao HL (2008); Effect of friction time on flash shape and axial shortening of linear friction welded 45 steel. Mater Lett., 62, pp. 293-296.
- Fratini L, Buffa G, Cammalleri M and Campanella D (2013); On the linear friction welding process of aluminum alloys: Experimental insights through process monitoring. CIRP Ann - Manuf Technol., 62, pp. 295-298.
- Chamanfar A, Jahazi M, Gholipour J, Wanjara P and Yue S (2011); Mechanical property and microstructure of linear friction welded WASPALOY. Metall Mater Trans A Phys Metall Mater Sci., 42, pp.729-744.
- Hua K, Xue X, Kou H, Fan J, Tang B and Li J (2014); Characterization of hot deformation microstructure of a near beta titanium alloy Ti-5553. J Alloys Compd., 615, pp. 531-537.
- Ji Y, Chai Z, Zhao D and Wu S (2014); Linear friction welding of Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr alloy with dissimilar microstructure. J Mater Process Technol., 214, pp. 979-987.
- Wang X, Li W, Ma T, Yang X and Vairis A (2019); Effect of welding parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of linear friction welded Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo1.5Zr-0.3Si joints. J Manuf Process., 46, pp. 100-108.
- Wang SQ, Ma TJ, Li WY, Wen GD and Chen DL (2017); Microstructure and fatigue properties of linear friction welded TC4 titanium alloy joints. Sci Technol Weld Join., 22(3), pp. 177-181.
- Li WY, Ma T, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Li J and Yang S (2008); Microstructure characterization and mechanical properties of linear friction welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Adv Eng Mater., 10, pp. 89-92.
- Wang XY, Li WY, Ma TJ and Vairis A (2017); Characterisation studies of linear friction welded titanium joints. Mater Des., 116, pp. 115-126.
- Baeslack WA, Broderick TF, Juhas M and Fraser HL (1994); Characterization of solid-phase welds between Ti6A12Sn4Zr2Mo0.1Si and Ti13.5A121.5Nb titanium aluminide. Mater Charact. 15, pp.251-259.
- He D, Zhu J, Zaefferer S and Raabe D (2014); Effect of retained beta layer on slip transmission in Ti-6Al-2Zr1Mo-1V near alpha titanium alloy during tensile deformation at room temperature. Mater Des., 56, pp. 937-942.
- Li W, Vairis A, Preuss M and Ma T (2016); Linear and rotary friction welding review. Int Mater Rev., 61(2), pp. 71-100.
- Fonda RW, Knipling KE and Bingert JF (2008); Microstructural evolution ahead of the tool in aluminum friction stir welds. Scr Mater., 58, pp. 343-348.
- Establishing Empirical Relationships to Predict the Tensile Shear Fracture Properties of Resistance Spot Welded Advanced High Strength Steel Lap Joints
Abstract Views :109 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Meenakshi Ramaswamy Engineering College, Thathanur, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 G. S. Mandal's Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, IN
4 Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Meenakshi Ramaswamy Engineering College, Thathanur, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 G. S. Mandal's Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, IN
4 Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Manufacturing Technology Today, Vol 20, No 11-12 (2021), Pagination: 21-34Abstract
The joining of advanced high strength steel (AHSS) of type dual phase 800 (DP800) by fusion welding is challenging owing to its high strength and complex microstructural features. It leads to softening of heat affected zone (HAZ) and cracking due to the high heat input associated with fusion welding processes. This significantly deteriorates the tensile shear fracture properties of DP800 steel joints. To overcome this problem, resistance spot welding (RSW) is employed to join DP800 steel thin sheets. It involves resistive heating of joining surfaces under pressure at a temperature less than melting point of parent metal. This significantly reduces the issues in joining DP800 steel such as softening in HAZ, solidification and HAZ cracking and offers precise spot weld. The tensile shear fracture properties of joints are influenced by RSW parameters such as welding current, welding time, and electrode force. Hence, establishing empirical relationships to predict the tensile shear fracture properties of joints is crucial. So, the main objective of this investigation is to establish empirical relationships to predict the tensile shear fracture properties of resistance spot welded dual phase 800 steel lap joints using regression analysis. The optimal process window of RSW is established using response surface methodology (RSM) to attain superior tensile shear fracture properties of DP800 steel joints.Keywords
Resistance Spot Welding, Advanced High Strength Steel, Tensile Shear Fracture Load, Microstructure, Nugget Hardness.References
- Akulwar, S., Akela, A., Kumar, D. S., & Ranjan, M. (2021). Resistance spot welding behavior of automotive steels. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 74(3), 601-609.
- Ambroziak, A., & Korzeniowski, M. (2010). Using resistance spot welding for joining aluminium elements in automotive industry. Archives of civil and Mechanical Engineering, 10(1), 5-13.
- Eshraghi, M., Tschopp, M. A., Zaeem, M. A., & Felicelli, S. D. (2014). Effect of resistance spot welding parameters on weld pool properties in a DP600 dual-phase steel: a parametric study using thermomechanically-coupled finite element analysis. Materials & Design (1980-2015), 56, 387-397.
- Fonstein, N. (2017). Dual-phase steels. Automotive Steels. Elsevier Publication.
- Karthikeyan, R., & Balasubramanian, V. (2010). Predictions of the optimized friction stir spot welding process parameters for joining AA2024 aluminum alloy using RSM. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 51(1), 173-183.
- Khodabakhshi, F., Kazeminezhad, M., & Kokabi, A. H. (2012). Resistance spot welding of ultra-fine grained steel sheets produced by constrained groove pressing: optimization and characterization. Materials characterization, 69, 71-83.
- Li, L. (2011). Microstructure and property control of advanced high strength automotive steels. In Advanced Steels (pp. 265-274). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
- Manickam, S., Rajendran, C., & Balasubramanian, V. (2020). Investigation of FSSW parameters on shear fracture load of AA6061 and copper alloy joints. Heliyon, 6(6), e04077.
- Mazaheri, Y., Kermanpur, A., & Najafizadeh, A. (2014). A novel route for development of ultrahigh strength dual phase steels. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 619, 1-11.
- Mirzaei, F., Ghorbani, H., & Kolahan, F. (2017). Numerical modeling and optimization of joint strength in resistance spot welding of galvanized steel sheets. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 92(9), 3489-3501.
- Nesterova, E. V., Bouvier, S., &Bacroix, B. (2015). Microstructure evolution and mechanical behavior of a high strength dual-phase steel under monotonic loading. Materials Characterization, 100, 152-162.
- Padmanaban, G., & Balasubramanian, V. (2011). Optimization of pulsed current gas tungsten arc welding process parameters to attain maximum tensile strength in AZ31B magnesium alloy. Transactions of Nonferrous metals society of China, 21(3), 467-476.
- Rajakumar, S., & Balasubramanian, V. (2015). Microstructure and mechanical properties of electrical resistance spot welded interstitial free steel joints. Journal of Advanced Microscopy Research, 10(2), 146-154.
- Rajarajan, C., Sivaraj, P., & Balasubramanian, V. (2018). Microstructural characteristics and load carrying capability of resistance spot welded dual phase (DP800) steel joints. Journal of Advanced Microscopy Research, 13(2), 198-203.
- Rajarajan, C., Sivaraj, P., & Balasubramanian, V. (2020a). Microstructural analysis of weld nugget properties on resistance spot-welded advance high strength dual phase (α+ α/) steel joints. Materials Research Express, 7(1), 016555.
- Rajarajan, C., Sivaraj, P., & Balasubramanian, V. (2020b). Role of welding current on mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of resistance spot welded dual phase steel joints. Physics of Metals and Metallography, 121(14), 1447-1454
- Rajarajan, C., Sivaraj, P., Seeman, M., & Balasubramanian, V. (2020). Influence of electrode force on metallurgical studies and mechanical properties of resistance spot welded dual phase (DP800) steel joints. Materials Today: Proceedings, 22, 614-618.
- Rajendran, C., Srinivasan, K., Balasubramanian, V., Balaji, H., & Selvaraj, P. (2019). Identifying combination of friction stir welding parameters to maximize strength of lap joints of AA2014-T6 aluminium alloy. Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 17(2), 64-75.
- Shome, M., & Tumuluru, M. (2015). Resistance spot welding techniques for advanced high-strength steels (AHSS). In Welding and Joining of Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) (pp. 55-70). Woodhead Publishing.
- Sonar, T., Balasubramanian, V., Malarvizhi, S., Venkateswaran, T., & Sivakumar, D. (2021a). Maximizing strength and corrosion resistance of Inter Pulsed TIG welded Superalloy 718joints by RSM for aerospace applications. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 35, 474-493.
- Sonar, T., Balasubramanian, V., Malarvizhi, S., Venkateswaran, T., & Sivakumar, D. (2021b). Influence of magnetically constricted arc traverse speed (MCATS) on tensile properties and microstructural characteristics of welded Inconel 718 alloy sheets. Defence Technology, 17(4), 1395-1413.
- Sonar, T., Balasubramanian, V., Malarvizhi, S., Venkateswaran, T., & Sivakumar, D. (2020a). Multi-response mathematical modelling, optimization and prediction of weld bead geometry in gas tungsten constricted arc welding (GTCAW) of Inconel 718 alloy sheets for aero-engine components. Multiscale and Multidisciplinary Modeling, Experiments and Design, 3(3), 201-226.
- Sonar, T., Balasubramanian, V., Malarvizhi, S., Venkateswaran, T., & Sivakumar, D. (2020b). Development of 3-Dimensional (3D) response surfaces to maximize yield strength and elongation of InterPulsed TIG welded thin high temperature alloy sheets for jet engine applications. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 31, 628-642.
- Sonar, T., Balasubramanian, V., Malarvizhi, S., Venkateswaran, T., & Sivakumar, D. (2020c). Effect of heat input on evolution of microstructure and tensile properties of gas tungsten constricted arc (GTCA) welded inconel 718 alloy sheets. Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis, 9, 369-392.
- Sonar, T., Malarvizhi, S., & Balasubramanian, V. (2020). Influence of arc constriction current (ACC) on microstructural evolution and tensile properties of tungsten inert gas welded thin sheets of aerospace alloy. Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 1-20. (In Press).
- Sonar, T., Malarvizhi, S., & Balasubramanian, V. (2021). Influence of arc constriction current frequency on tensile properties and microstructural evolution of tungsten inert gas welded thin sheets of aerospace alloy. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 31(2), 456-474.
- Zhang, P., Xie, J., Wang, Y. X., & Chen, J. Q. (2011). Effects of welding parameters on mechanical properties and microstructure of resistance spot welded DP600 joints. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 16(7), 567-574.
- Effect of copper electrode pressure on nugget diameter and mechanical performance of resistance spot welded thin DP800 steel sheets
Abstract Views :69 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Meenakshi Ramaswamy Engineering College, Thathanur, Tamil Nadu, India, IN
2 G. S. Mandal’s Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India, IN
1 Meenakshi Ramaswamy Engineering College, Thathanur, Tamil Nadu, India, IN
2 G. S. Mandal’s Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India, IN
3 Centre for Materials Joining & Research (CEMAJOR), Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India, IN
Source
Manufacturing Technology Today, Vol 21, No 5-6 (2022), Pagination: 23-30Abstract
DP800 is an advanced high strength steel containing duplex microstructure of ferrite and martensite phases. It is broadly used in automotive structural frame applications owing to its high strength to weight ratio. DP steel is mainly joined by resistance spot welding (RSW) to avoid the problems of solidification cracking and severe HAZ softening. In this study, the effect of copper electrode pressure on nugget diameter and mechanical performance of resistance spot welded 1.2 mm thick DP800 steel sheets are investigated. The tensile shear strength (TSS) properties were evaluated in straight lap (SL-TSS) and cross lap (CL-TSS) joint configuration. Results showed that the DP-800 steel spot joints developed using the electrode pressure of 4.0 MPa exhibited superior SL-TSS of 830 MPa and CL-TSS of 684 MPa. It is attributed to the evolution of finer martensitic needles in nugget zone.Keywords
Dual-Phase Steel, Resistance Spot Welding, Tensile Shear Strength, Microstructure, Electrode Pressure.References
- Akulwar, S., Akela, A., Kumar, D. S., & Ranjan, M. (2021). Resistance spot welding behavior of automotive steels. Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals, 74(3), 601-609.
- Ambroziak, A., & Korzeniowski, M. (2010). Using resistance spot welding for joining aluminium elements in automotive industry, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 10(1), 5-13.
- Aslanlar, S., Ogur, A., Ozsarac, U., & Ilhan, E. (2008). Welding time effect on mechanical properties of automotive sheets in electrical resistance spot welding. Materials Design, 29, 1427-1431.
- Fonstein, N. (2017). Dual-phase steels. Automotive Steels. Elsevier Publication.
- Hernandez, V. H. B., Panda, S. K., Okita, Y., & Zhou, N. Y. (2010). A study on heat affected zone softening in resistance spot welded dual phase steel by nanoindentation. Journal of Materials Science, 45, 1638-1647. https://doi. org/10.1007/s10853-009-4141-0
- Kishore, K., Kumar, P., & Mukhopadhyay, G. (2019). Resistance spot weldability of galvannealed and bare DP600 steel. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 271, 237-248.
- Li, L. (2011). Microstructure and Property Control of Advanced High Strength Automotive Steels. In: Weng, Y., Dong, H., Gan, Y. (eds) Advanced Steels. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-642-17665-4_27
- Liao, X., Wang, X., Guo, Z., Wang, M., Wu, Y., & Rong, Y. (2010). Microstructures in a resistance spot welded high strength dual phase steel. Materials Characterization, 61, 341-346.
- Mazaheri, Y., Kermanpur, A., & Najafizadeh, A. (2014). A novel route for the development of ultra high strength dual phase steels. Materials Science and Engineering A, 619, 1-11.
- Nesterova, E. V., Bouvier, S., & Bacroix, B. (2015). Microstructure evolution and mechanical behavior of a high strength dual-phase steel under monotonic loading. Materials Characterization, 100, 152-162.
- Rajarajan, C., Sivaraj, P., & Balasubramanian, V. (2020). Role of welding current on mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of resistance spot welded dual phase steel joints. Physics of Metals and Metallography, 121(14), 1447-1454.
- Rajarajan, C., Sivaraj, P., Sonar, T., Raja, S., & Mathiazhagan, N. (2022). Resistance spot welding of advanced high strength steel for fabrication of thin-walled automotive structural frames. Forces in Mechanics. 7, 100084.
- Rajarajan, C., Sivaraj, P., Sonar, T., Raja, S., & Mathiazhagan, N. (2022). Investigation on microstructural features and tensile shear fracture properties of resistance spot welded advanced high strength dual phase steel sheets in lap joint configuration for automotive frame applications.Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials, 31(1), 52-63.
- Ramazani, A., Mukherjee, K., Abdurakhmanov, A., Abbasi, M., & Prahl, U. (2015). Characterization of microstructure and mechanical properties of resistance spot welded DP600 steel. Metals, 5(3), 1704-1716.
- Santos, R. O., Silveira, L. B., Moreira, L. P., Cardoso, M. C., Silva, F. R. F., Paula, A. S., & Albertacci, D. A. (2019). Damage identification parameters of dual-phase 600-800 steels based on experimental void analysis and finite element simulations. Journal of Materials Research Technology, 8(1), 644-659.
- Wan, X., Wang, Y., & Zhang, P. (2014). Effects of welding schedules on resistance spot welding of DP600 steel. ISIJ International, 54, 2375-2379.