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Shanmugasundaram, P.
- Studies on Anti-diarrhoeal Activity of Citrus sinensis Peel Extract
Abstract Views :1819 |
PDF Views:631
Authors
Source
Journal of Natural Remedies, Vol 9, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 51-55Abstract
The methanolic extract of the Citrus sinensis peel was screened for antidiarrhoeal activity using animal models against castor oil induced diarrhoea. The parameters evaluated are small intestine secretion by enteropooling assay, rate of defecation and small intestine transit. The methanolic extract showed significant activity (p<0.05) against castor oil induced diarrhoea and interluminal accumulation of fluid. It also reduced gastrointestinal motility after charcoal meal administration in albino mice. The results indicates that the action of Citrus sinensis peel extract (CSPE) could be through a combination of inhibition of elevated prostaglandin biosynthesis and reduced propulsive movement of the small intestine.Keywords
Citrus Sinensis, Anti Diarrhoeal, Albino Mice, Castor Oil and Charcoal MealFull Text
- Role of Immunosuppressants in Graft Rejection in Renal Transplant Patients
Abstract Views :123 |
PDF Views:79
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai - 600117, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Pallavaram, Chennai - 600117, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 14, No Special Ed (2015), Pagination: 97-97Abstract
Background:Organ transplants save a thousands of life each year of modern medicine. The main advantage of such intrusive procedure is that the patients can live a more natural life after the surgery with the help of immunosuppressants. But these immunosuppressants are found to produce certain toxicities and complications in renal transplant patients. Hence we designed a study to determine the variety of immunosuppressive drug regimens for post renal transplant patients and analyze the drug toxicities and complications in renal transplant patients.Aim: The main aim of the study is to determine the incidence and recurrence of rate of graft rejection, toxicities due to immunosuppressive drugs, complications in renal transplant patients and the risk factors of infections in post renal transplant recipients.
Methods and Materials: The study was carried out in a multispeciality hospital in for a period of six months. A total of 45 patients between 18-65 years undergoing a single organ transplant were included in the study. These patients received any of the following immunosuppressive drug regimens such as cyclosporine A (CSA), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), Azathioprine (AZA), Tacrolimus, Predniosolone, Methotrexate, Rituximab and Plasma exchange for renal transplantation. Exclusion criteria included patient on multiorgan transplant or second transplant, patients of any anatomical abnormalities, history of multi drug resistant fungal infection, advanced cardio- or pulmonary disease and patients whose interleukin 2 and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor is high before 6 months of transplantation.
Results: Among the 45 renal transplant patients 75.5% were males and 24.5% were females. Patients in the age group of 40 - 50 years were at a higher risk of renal failure. Majority of the post renal transplant patients received CSA, MMF and AZA. Based on toxicities, AZA produced toxicities in 17.7 % of patients followed by CSA in 15.5% and MMF in 15.5% cases. Of the total patients, 17.7% had major infections causing graft rejections that included the UTI (48.8%), upper respiratory tract infections (20%) and lower respiratory tract infections (17%). Post transplant diabetes mellitus was seen in 13.3% patients and post renal hypertension in 17.7% cases. Hemolytic uremic syndrome was predominant with 17.7% of patients, followed by glomerulonephritis (15.5%) and pyelonephritis (11.1%). Drug Toxicity is one of the factors for causing rejection in renal transplant in which 7 (28.8%) patients were affected from acute rejection by receiving immunosuppressive therapy, followed by 13 (55.5%) patients in chronic rejection and 14 (31.1%) patients not having toxicity to cause the rejection.
Keywords
Renal Transplantation, Immunosuppressive Therapy.Full Text
- Study on Health Outcomes in Diabetic Patients-Association Between Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Psychological Distress
Abstract Views :157 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 44-48Abstract
Aim and Objectives: The main aim of the study is to compare the levels of anxiety and depression, psychological distress between persons with diabetes with a history of foot ulcer, persons without history of foot ulcer and persons without diabetes. Materials and Methods: This study which includes prospective study. The study was done in a five different general medicine department and were carried out for a period of 6 months on both in-patient and out-patients in general medicine department. Chi-square is used to differeniate the incidence of anxiey and depression between patients with diabetic foot ulcer and diabetes without foot ulcer. Result and Discussion: A total of 90 patients were screened. Out of selected 90 patients, the age of 20-29 years 5(6%) were males and females, in the age of 30-39 years 14(15%), in the age of 40-49 years 24(27%), in the age of above 50-59 years 45(50%) and in the age of 60 years 2(2%%) were found. Conclusion: In this study the Abnormal anxiety and depression levels are more in diabetic foot ulcer when compared to those with diabetes.There was significant association found between diabetes, diabetic foot ulcer and psychological distress.Keywords
Hads-A, Hads-D.
- Stress Degradation Studies and Development of Validated Spectrometric- Assay-Method For Determination of Tofacitinib In Pure and Physical Admixtures
Abstract Views :125 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
A. S. K. Sankar
1,
P. Shanmugasundaram
1,
B. Datchayani
1,
N. Balakumaran
1,
Mohammed Rilwan
1,
R. Subaranjani
1,
M. Sumithra
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS) , Chennai-600117, IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS) , Chennai-600117, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 117-120Abstract
Aim: The aim is to develop simple validated analytical method for analysis of Tofacitinib by UV Spectroscopy and to study the forced degradation and stress conditions have been used to detect the stability of Tofacitinib. Method: Tofacitinib was estimated at 285.9nm. Linearity range was found to be 10-50 mcg/ml. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9996. The molar absorptivity was found to be 12468.77mol/cm. The proposed method Sandell's sensitivity was found to be 0.040410 μg cm2/0.001AU. The limit of detection and quantification were found to be 0.8169 and 2.4755 μg/ ml respectively. The degradation behavior of Tofacitinib was carried out as per the standard procedures and guidelines. Forced acid hydrolytic degradation, alkali degradation and oxidative degradation of was performed in bulk Tofacitinib and laboratory prepared admixtures using 1M Hydrochloric acid up to 48 hrs, in 10 % Hydrogen peroxide up to 48 hrs and for 1.0 M Sodium hydroxide up to 10 min at room temperature. The resulting solutions were analyzed for content by UV spectrophotometry at the maximum absorption of 285.9 n. The assay value of Tofacitinib in bulk and physical admixture was calculated at different time intervals for intraday and interday experiments. Results and Conclusions: The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of tofacitinib in pure and laboratory prepared physical mixtures. The % RSD value of Tofacitinib in bulk and physical admixture was calculated at different time intervals for recovery , precision (Iintraday and Interday experiments) and quantification studies were found to be less than 2 %.Keywords
Tofacitinib, UV-Spectroscopy, Validation, ICH Guidelines, Isocratic.- Bronchodilator and Mast Cell Stabilizer Effect of Siddha Formulation Seenthil Chooranam
Abstract Views :160 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, VISTAS, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-117, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, VISTAS, Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai-117, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 252-256Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate anti-asthmatic activity of a classical Siddha formulation Seenthil chooranam (SC) by mast cell stabilizing effect and broncho dilator property by in-vivo method. Preliminary phytochemical and HPTLC analysis of SC were determined as per standard protocols. Phytochemical analysis of aqueous extract gave positive test for carbohydrates, phenols, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and terpenoids. HPTLC finger print analysis of the aqueous extract showed the presence of possible number of components. The results of the in-vivo study demonstrate that SC has potent broncho dilator property with significant (p<0.001) mast cell stabilizing activity and decrease in leukocytosis in dose dependent manner. These findings are clearly indicative of the role of SC as potent inhibitor of mast cell degranulation and ability to control the leukocytosis, have bronchodilation and hence can be used for the management of asthma supporting the traditional claims.Keywords
Seenthil Chooranam, Siddha Formulation, Asthma, Mast Cell.- Diabetes-Epilepsy Symbiosis
Abstract Views :137 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Velan Nagar, P.V. Vaithiyalingam Road, Pallavaram, Chennai- 600 117, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Velan Nagar, P.V. Vaithiyalingam Road, Pallavaram, Chennai- 600 117, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 351-354Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the neurological disorder characterised by a period of epileptic seizures. The findings reveal that type 1 diabetes may increase epilepsy risk three fold. About 25% to 45% of epilepsy cases can be due to structural modifications, metabolic disorders, and genetic characters but early research has also claimed that diabetes might explain some idiopathic seizures, Dr Chou and their colleagues wrote. Those people with type 1 diabetes but without hypoglycaemia found to have a 2.67 fold increased risk of developing epilepsy during medication vs. the other group, whereas those with both type 1 diabetes and hypoglycaemia might have about 16.5 fold increased risk of developing epilepsy.Keywords
Epilepsy, Seizure, Diabetes.- Assessment of Appropriate use of Antibiotics in Paediatric Department of A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Abstract Views :184 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Velannagar, PV Vaithyalingam Road, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Dept. of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels University (VISTAS), Velannagar, PV Vaithyalingam Road, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 381-384Abstract
Aim and objective: To determine the appropriate antibiotic therapy in paediatrics and evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic treatment.
Methods: A prospective study of 9 months duration was carried out from Aug 2015-April 2016. A total 200 prescriptions were collected. The data was collected using specially designed data entry form and appropriateness is assessed with the help of IAP and NICE guidelines.
Results: Out of 200 patients, 14 were in the age group <1 year, 80 were in between 1-3 years of age, 74 were in the age group of 3-8 years and above 8-12 years were 32. Among study population the disease LRTI was the most common diagnosis in 0-1 year (Infant), AGE was the most common diagnosis in the age group 1-3 years, LRTI was mostly found in the age group of 3-8 years and 8-12 years. Significant difference was found in the age group of patient and disease encountered [p= 0.0008]. The third generation cephalosporin, Cefixime (32%) was mostly used, followed by Metronidazole (25%) and Amoxicillin (16%). The Gentamicin(3%) was given to the least patients.
Conclusion: The study concludes that over 200 prescriptions, it was found that most of the antibiotic therapy in the drug regimen is appropriate to the above mentioned guidelines, only slight variation in the drug regimen seen. It shows that the antibiotic therapy in pediatric ward is appropriate to the guidelines.
- Evaluation of Antipsychotic Effect of Levosulpride
Abstract Views :144 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Adhiparasakthi College of Pharmacy, Melmaruvathur, (VISTAS), Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, (VISTAS), Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Adhiparasakthi College of Pharmacy, Melmaruvathur, (VISTAS), Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, (VISTAS), Vels University, Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 10, No 4 (2017), Pagination: 1037-1040Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antipsychotic activity of formulated levosulpride sustained release formulation was compared with marketed levosulpride sustained release formulation in experimental animal models. Male Wistar rats (180- 220 g) and Albino mice (25-30 g) were used for the study. The antipsychotic effect of the formulated levosulpride sustained release formulation was evaluated on locomotor activity on photoactometer and ketamine induced stereotypic behavior. Different groups of rats were fed orally with a specially prepared diet containing formulated levosulpride sustained release formulation was compared with marketed levosulpride sustained release formulation for 15 consecutive days. Further, the biochemical estimations were done by estimating brain dopamine levels. The formulated levosulpride sustained release formulation significantly decreased the locomotor activity of rats. The formulated levosulpride sustained release formulation significantly decreased ketamine (50 mg/kg, i.p.) induced stereotyped behavior in a dose dependent manner. Formulated levosulpride sustained release formulation significantly decreased the brain dopamine levels. The results suggest that formulated levosulpride sustained release formulation posse's antipsychotic activity.Keywords
Formulated Levosulpride Sustained Release Formulation, Ketamine, Photoactometer.- A Prospective Study on assessment of Quality of Prescribing in Patients with Hypertension using Prescription Quality Index (PQI) Tool in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Abstract Views :173 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, VISTAS, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamilnadu, IN
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, VISTAS, Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, Tamilnadu, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 12, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 541-544Abstract
Objectives: To determine the Quality of Prescribing in Patients with Hypertension using Prescription Quality Index (PQI) Tool. Ensure the Rational Use of Anti-Hypertensive drugs. Methods: Prospective study of Anti-Hypertensive drugs should be conducted on 150 consecutive patients admitted in tertiary care Hospital. The duration of the study will be of 10 months. The prescriptions of the patient who are treated during the course of the study will be audited prospectively using a specially designed form to record the required information. Results: Total of 150 patients 86 were male and 64 were female.This study the age group who receive more Anti Hypertensive drugs are between 56-65 years(40%), In this study who are found with single comorbid condition is (41.3%), Multiple comorbid condition is (22.7%), In This study stages of Hypertension was validated, Pre Hypertensive (88%),Stage 1(57.3%),Stage 2 (34.7%). In This study different classes of drugs commonly used were Diuretics (72%).In the present study it was observed that the higher rates of (56.7%) received dual therapy for Hypertension than mono therapy (43.3%) and compared. Conclusion: Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are more effective in slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) than other antihypertensive regimens. The PQI is a comprehensive tool which is valid and reliable for measuring quality of prescribing in chronic disease like hypertension in Indian settings. PQI can be used for assessment and comparison of quality of prescribing in different clinical settings at different health care levels.Keywords
Hypertension, Prescription, Quality Index.References
- Hassan nb, ismailhc, naing l, conroyrm, abdulrahman ar. Development and validation of a new prescription quality index. Br j clinpharmacol 2010;70: 500-513.
- Hennessy s, bilker wb, zhou l, weber, brensinger c, wang y. Retrospective drug utilization review, prescribing errors, and clinical outcomes. Jama 2003;290:1494-1499.
- Lagerlov p, hjortdahl p, saxegaard l, andrew m, matheson i. Structuring prescribing data into traffi c-light categories; a tool for evaluating treatment quality in primary care. Fampract 2001;18: 528-533.
- Coste j, venot a. An epidemiologic approach to drug prescribing quality assessment: a study in primary care practice in france. Med care 1999;37:1294-1307.
- Kerr ea, mcglynnea, adams j, keesey j, asch sm. Profi ling the quality of care in twelve communities: results from the cqi study. Health aff (millwood) 2004;23:247-256.
- Liu gg, christensen db. The continuing challenge of inappropriate prescribing in the elderly: update of the evidence. J am pharm assoc (wash) 2002;42:847-857.
- Oborneca, batty gm, maskrey v, swift cg, jackson sh. Development of prescribing indicators for elderly medical inpatients. Br j clinpharmacol 1997;43:91-97.
- Lechevallier-michel n, gautier-bertrand m, alpérovitch a, berr c, belmin j, legrain s, et al; 3c study group. Frequency and risk factors of potentially inappropriate medication use in a community-dwelling elderly population: results from the 3c study. Eur j clinpharmacol 2005;60:813-819.
- Elliott ra, woodward mc, oborne ca. Antithrombotic prescribing in atrial fi brillation: application of a prescribing indicator and multidisciplinary feedback to improve prescribing. Age ageing 2002;31:391-396.
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- A Prospective Observational Study on Assessment of Risk Factor Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in South Indian Population
Abstract Views :157 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science,Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, IN
2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science,Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, IN
1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science,Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, IN
2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science,Technology and Advanced Studies, Pallavaram, Chennai, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 12, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 595-599Abstract
Objective: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) appears to be the most common cause of blindness worldwide. The objective of the study was to assess the risk factors that would increase the onset or progression of the microvascular complication caused due to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Chennai. The enrolled patients based on their inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed and the information collected includes their demographic data and lab investigations such as, Hypertension, HbA1c, and Dyslipedimia. The data observed was analyzed with SPSS V20.0 to find significance among the risk factors of Diabetic Retinopathy. Results: Among the study population of 230, risk factor was analysed for occurrence of Diabetic Retinopathy, Female patient was more affected with Diabetic Retinopathy compared to male 112 and it showed the P - value of 0.001. Most of the people who have Diabetic Retinopathy fall under the age category of 40 to 60 years. The descriptive statistics for age showed the following results Mean ± SD (48.16±10.29) for patients without Diabetic Retinopathy and Mean ± SD (56.24±7.35) for patients with Diabetic Retinopathy. It showed a P-value of 0.004. A significant correlation was seen between the duration of Diabetes Mellitus and the occurrence of Diabetic Retinopathy, showing a P- value of 0.001. Presence of Hypertension also seemed to increase the occurrence of Diabetic Retinopathy, showing a highly significant P-value of 0.001. Presence of Hyperlipidemia had no correlation with the occurrence of Diabetic Retinopathy. A significant level of correlation was seen between the level of glycated haemoglobin and the occurrence of Diabetic Retinopathy showing a P- value of 0.001. Conclusion: Our study concluded that duration of diabetes, presence of hypertension, presence of dyslipedimia and high level of HbA1c has a significant relationship as a risk factor for the onset and progression of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR).Keywords
Risk Factors, Dyslipedimia, Hypertension, HbA1c, Diabetes, Retinopathy.References
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- A Review on Food Coloring Agents–Safe or Unsafe?
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Authors
Affiliations
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, IN
3 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, IN
1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, IN
3 Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, Vol 12, No 5 (2019), Pagination: 2503-2505Abstract
Food coloring agents are added to foods to make customer perception. They act as emulsifying agents, stabilizers, sweeteners, antioxidants, preservatives and so on. They also increase attractiveness to different types of products. Coloring of the food product not only gives pleasant, attractive color but also flavor, natural value of the product. Food coloring is a solution of dye molecules. Natural food coloring agents are carotenoids, chlorophyll, anthocyanin, and turmeric. Few dyes may have carcinogenic effects so suitable detection methods are to be done to check the harmfulness of the dye. Appropriateness of a dye is checked through several analytical and advanced methods. The aim of this article is to bring to a notice whether food coloring agents are harmful to human use. Not all types of coloring agents are harmful to use in foods, drugs and cosmetics. Artificial food colors are used mainly in foods and beverages. Food and Drug Association (FDA) approval is required for the use of artificial food colors. Few artificial colorants used in foods, cosmetics, beverages are sunset yellow, quinoline yellow, carmoisine, allura red and tartrazine. These coloring agents bind to Human Serum Albumin (HAS) and causes risk to human health. Artificial food coloring agents cause attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. We conclude that natural coloring agents don’t show any side effects when compared to artificial dyes.Keywords
Food Coloring Agents, Emulsifying Agents, Food And Drug Association, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Human Serum Albumin.References
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- Lehto S, Buchweitz M, Klimm A, Straßburger R, Bechtold C, Ulberth F. Comparison of food colour regulations in the EU and the US: a review of current provisions. Food Additives and Contaminants: Part A. 2017 Mar 4; 34(3):335-55.
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- Vojdani A, Vojdani C. Immune reactivity to food coloring. ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES. 2015 Jan 1:148.
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