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Sharma, Naresh
- Role of Lag and Position Screws for Osteosynthesis in Various Oral and Maxillofacial Operative Procedures
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences Rohtak - 124001 (Haryana), IN
2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences Rohtak - 124001 (Haryana), IN
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences Rohtak - 124001 (Haryana), IN
2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences Rohtak - 124001 (Haryana), IN
Source
Journal of Dento-Medical Science and Research, Vol 1, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 31-38Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to portray lag screw and position screw utility and accuracy in various situations in bony fractures, osteotomy fragments, placement of costochondral and sternoclavicular split grafts and also in reconstruction with bone grafts. Material and Methods: This prospective study includes 30 numbers of patients of mandibular fractures, jaw deformity and TMJ ankylosis. All cases were treated by using lag screws except in two cases in which positional screws were used to stabilize osteotomized fragments. These cases were selected randomly from patients attending the outdoor patient department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at PGIDS, Rohtak, irrespective of age, sex and caste and socioeconomic status. Results: This study comprised 30 numbers of cases which were evaluated clinically as well as radiologically. The measured parameters were further analyzed statistically. The number of cases and its distribution shows that major part of the use of lag screws were in the body of mandibular fracture which are 10 out of 30 while the immobilization of CCG/ SCG are eleven in number. It was observed that use of lag screw with definite protocol give the maximum compressive osteosynthesis. In spite of careful use of the laid down technique the complication of various types were encountered. Conclusion: It is apparent that a lag screw osteosynthesis with its ability of compression is a versatile internal rigid fixation and can be utilized in various surgical procedures for fixation of bony fragments. It is extremely technique sensitive procedure in spite of minimal requirement of armamentarium.Keywords
Lag and Position Screw, Internal Fixation, Osteosynthesis
References
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- Ethical Dilemma and Marketing Decisions: A Case Analysis of Food Products
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor, The Management School, Kathua Campus, University of Jammu, IN
1 Assistant Professor, The Management School, Kathua Campus, University of Jammu, IN
Source
International Journal of Business Ethics in Developing Economies, Vol 2, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 24-33Abstract
This paper attempts to examine the ethical dilemmas faced by the managers in making decisions in the marketing of food products. In the prevailing business environment, most of the organisations primarily aim to optimize profits in the long term survival what has emerged critical for feel-factor among the existing and prospective consumers and commitment among employees. A decade ago concept of ethical marketing was restricted to few known companies or selected brands but as a general marketing phenomenon it is only in the recent times that it has come to be accepted as critical to sustaining long term growth of the business across the global marketing spectrum. The dictates of the intense competition and global access to the goods and services have made 'social responsibility' as the cardinal mantra for transacting business. In the emerging market scenario, business practices and transparency in the market are not only found to be essential but have also become a basic requirement under the existing laws of the land and as such the role of marketers in decision making functions has changed under emerging new realities.Keywords
Ethical Challenges, Marketing Decisions, Food Products, Legal Issues, ExploitationReferences
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- Ethical Marketing Leadership: A Dyad Approach
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
2 The Management School, Kathua Campus, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
1 Department of Commerce, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
2 The Management School, Kathua Campus, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
Source
International Journal on Leadership, Vol 2, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 45-51Abstract
playing a significant role in the formulation of marketing strategy for overall growth of a business organisation. Ethical marketing refers to the application of marketing ethics and widely respected code of conduct in an organisation's business efforts. The modern marketing leaders have been focusing on customer satisfaction, retention, and value creation. They have understood the significance of marketing ethics in the modern competitive world where scams and scandals are the routine matters. Ethical marketing leadership is a key to success while unethical marketing practices may lead to dissatisfied customers, bad publicity, a lack of trust, loss of business, or sometimes even a legal action. This paper is thus, an attempt to study in detail ethical marketingleadership obtaining data from 195 marketing leaders through a questionnaire based upon five point Likert scaled items.The study is dyadic in nature as it considers both theoretical as well as empirical perspectives.Keywords
Ethical Marketing, Marketing Leaders, Product, Price and Promotion.References
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- Ethical Marketing as a Tool for Developing Customer Relations: An Empirical Analysis
Abstract Views :510 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 The Management School, Kathua Campus, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
2 Department of Commerce, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
1 The Management School, Kathua Campus, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
2 Department of Commerce, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, IN
Source
International Journal on Customer Relations, Vol 2, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 26-31Abstract
In marketing practices, ethics are core building blocks in establishing trust, which in turn helps in building longterm customer relationships. In developed nations, ethical judgment of consumers has received considerable attention but in Indian market setting, marketing ethics have barely been explored. The selling of spurious products is common to Indian consumers. This paper attempts to examine the consciousness among the consumers about marketing practices followed by the marketers in the Jammu region of Jammu & Kashmir State. The study is based on a well defined schedule of five point Likert Scale. The results indicate that consumers are conscious about the marketing practices adopted by the marketers and they are mindful while making buying decisions. Further, the consumers prefer marketers following ethical practices in terms of offering product quality, pricing policy, sharing product information, respecting social and cultural values which in turn help in developing customer relations.Keywords
Ethical Marketing, Customer Relations, Ethical Dilemmas, Corporate Social Responsibility, Ethical Judgments.References
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