Informatics Publishing Limited

E. K. Mohanraj ¹, S. Kandasamy ², N. Rajkumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Civil Engg., School of Building & Mechanical Sciences, Kongu Engg. College, Erode-638 052, TN, IN
2 Anna University of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Ariyalur Campus, Ariyalur - 621 713, TN, IN

Abstract

The climate change due to global warming is one of the greatest environmental issues we face now. The green house gases including CO₂ are released during cement and steel manufacturing process. In order to reduce the amount of green house gases, an attempt has been made to reuse the waste materials along with concrete in construction industries. In recent years, attempts have been made to increase the utilization of fly ash, quarry dust, granite and construction and demolition debris to partially replace the use of fine aggregate and coarse aggregate in concrete are gathering momentum. This paper presents information on fly ash, granite and quarry dust based concrete, material and the mixture proportions, the manufacturing process, and the influence of various parameters on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete with plain concrete and partial replacement of fine aggregate by flyash and quarry dust and coarse aggregate by granite and C&D debris concrete. The column specimens were tested under axial compression to investigate the effects of waste materials. Since the materials used were locally available waste materials, a detailed characterization was planned. In this paper, an attempt was made to utilize the waste materials by effectively recycling and filling in steel tubular circular columns with recycled aggregate concrete instead of conventional concrete. An empirical equation for calculating the design load carrying capacity of the composite column was developed using the experimental results. The test results were compared with the international codes and new theoretical models were suggested for the design. In this paper, experimental and analytical investigations were carried out to study the strength and behaviour of CFST columns over the entire range of loading. The ultimate loads and behaviour of CFST were compared with those of the hollow steel tube columns. From these elaborative experimental and analytical investigations that were done, it is concluded that out of all the waste materials used, the contribution of C&D debris and quarry dust are significant. The remaining materials that include fly-ash and granite are reasonably contributed in the performance enhancement under axial loading conditions. Finally, it is concluded that materials recovered from various waste stream are suitable to be used as secondary aggregates in concrete. The advantage of using such waste materials provides generally a low cost construction than using virgin aggregates and the elimination of the need for waste disposal in landfills. Utilization of these waste materials in concrete leads to an effective solid waste management technique and will also be cost effective. The exploitation of available natural resources and raw materials required for the construction industries can also be reduced which in turn reduces the release of green house gases which causes global warming.

Keywords

Fly-ash, Recycled Aggregate Concrete, Granite, Waste Management, Global Warming

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N. RajKumar ¹, Viji Vinod ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Applications, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute University, Chennai-600 095, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Schools for the disabled are distributed across countries the world over and it is vital for all schools to share information equally to integrate their systems for effective research and an effective learning system. An academician or a student in need of information from these schools can simply do research on the learning system of various people with multiple disabilities. This research work is aimed toward integration of information systems of schools across countries via a service bus. Methods: A centralized service bus was accustomed to facilitate the ability of applications across platforms and enhance communication at intervals in the school infrastructure enabling atmosphere for the brand new layer of abstractions to be accessories without modifying the complete system. Conclusions: Concepts of service oriented architecture with web services was used for speedy integration, resolution in determining the challenges faced throughout the integration of multiple incompatible applications.

Keywords

Information, Integration, School for the Disabled, Service Bus, SOA, Web Services

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J. S. Harilakshmanraj ¹, N. Rajkumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore-641022, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Online Social Network (OSN) sites act as a medium to spread their own views, activities and their thoughts to some camaraderie. The information is spread on the web is determined by a human decision. Simultaneously, information security is evaluated based on the quality of the decision made by the users. Nowadays,many access control schemas are being used to control spreading of unauthorized information on OSN sites. In this paper, we present NGCI (Novel Group Centric Integrity) mechanism for information control on the web. Alternatively Monto-Carlo algorithm is used to determine shared information and to notify the user about the risk of information spread to different communities/groups. our framework used to reduce the risk of information flow to a particular user.

Keywords

Online Social Networks, Information Sharing, Access Control.

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N. Rajkumar ¹, Viji Vinod ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Applications, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute University, Chennai - 95, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Semantics web approaches attempt to get the interoperability and communication among technologies and organizations. Even so, typically it‟s forgotten that the web should be helpful for each user, so it's necessary to integrate tools and techniques doing semantic web accessible. Accessibility and usefulness are two; joined ideas wide employed in web application development, but then they are totally different. Usability means the way the ease of use web site but accessibility is sensible to use the opportunity. For the first one, there are several well-tried approaches in real cases. However, accessibility field needs a deeper analysis that may create possible accessible to disabled people and conjointly the access to novel non-disable people because of the price to alter and keep up accessible applications. In this paper, we tend to propose a design to realize the accessibility in web-environments handling the WAI accessibility customary and the Universal style method. This design tries to manage the accessibility in web application development life-cycle following a technique ranging from a semantics abstract model and leans on description languages and controlled vocabularies.

Keywords

Semantic Web, Usability, Accessibility, WAI, Universal Style Method, Semantics Abstract Model.

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R. Malathy ¹, N. Rajkumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode-638 052, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

This paper aims to provide a solution to the prevailing environmental problems due to wastewater from textile industries and dumping of fly ash by the thermal power plants in India. This work is an attempt to find out a solution through low cost treatment methodology. In this study, fly ash, which is produced as waste from the thermal power plant, was used as an adsorbent for the wastewater from textile processing industries particularly in Tirupur region of Tamilnadu. This is an attempt to make use of fly ash as a material to reduce the pollutant concentration in the textile industries wastewater. Column technique has been adopted in this study for adsorption. The fly ash used in this experimental study was collected from the Mettur Thermal Power Plant. The fly ash was used as an adsorbent by packing it in PVC column in different layers with alternative layers of sand in between them. The dyeing effluent was allowed to flow through it from the top with suitable arrangements. The dye stuffs were found to get adsorbed on the fly ash layer. The fly ash was separated and dried later.

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N. Rajkumar ¹, V. Ramalingam ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Annamalai University, Chidambaram - 608002, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

This paper presents a novel Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS). The goal of our virtual tutor is to mimic like a human tutor in order to advance the communication and effectiveness of the students learning experience. Towards these goals we designed a Conversational Intelligent Tutoring System (CITS) with multimodal behavior, emotive speech and friendliness. Moreover to improve the student’s interaction and to engage their attention, our virtual tutor attempts to ask questions from their thought lesson and assists the students during learning activities. A statistical Friedman analysis was conducted and the results revealed that, our intelligent virtual tutoring system can able to successfully recognize student’s behavior and respond according to it. And also participants were asked later to rate the teaching and learning environment of our intelligent system, the review shows that they feel lively.

Keywords

Emotive Speech, Friendliness Behavior, Virtual Agent

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S. Durai ¹, N. Rajkumar ¹, N. K. Manikandan ¹, D. Manivannan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech University, Chennai - 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Data Entry Works in computer using Voice Keyboard. Methods: Here our idea is to use voice to communicate computer. For this we are going to develop a voice keyboard similar to on-screen keyboard. The onscreen keyboard contains all the keys available with regular keyboard device. But our implementation will be focus only on characters, symbols, number keys only. Because our main motive is to reduce the human effort to type all the data and increase the speed of data entry work. But instead of typing, here just pronounce the character that will be typed in any editors. Findings: The user gives voice input to computer, the computer accepts the voice input and converts to appropriate text. This will also be useful for All kind of Data Entry works; besides useful for physically challenged users. Application/Improvements: In future we develop voice keyboard with all functions.

Keywords

Physically challenged people on data entry works, SAPI, voice keyboard

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N. K. SenthilKumar ¹, K. Kishore Kumar ¹, N. Rajkumar ¹, K. Amsavalli ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Vel Tech University, Chennai – 600062, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 4Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Anand Institute of Higher Technology, Chennai - 603103, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Background/Objectives: To optimize the search engine by fuzzy classification and prediction. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Accounting the characteristics such as page rank as usual, mouse movements of a user and the eye movements of a user while surfing a web page. The technique is proposed so that the search engine gets human like thinking and accordingly produces the search results. Findings: The proposed algorithm takes each and every parameter in user point of view and also the usual page ranking and applies fuzzy logic intelligence to predict the subsequent search results. Due to the right blend of the client qualities and web page attributes, the search engine will have the capacity to out-perform the current methods. Application/Improvements: Internet marketing and target sales.

Keywords

Eye Movements, Fuzzy Logic, Mouse Movements, Page Ranking, Rational Search

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B. Raghavendra Prasad ¹, Dipankar Banerjee ¹, Jagdev Singh ¹, S. Nagabhushana ¹, Amit Kumar ¹, P. U. Kamath ¹, S. Kathiravan ¹, Suresh Venkata ¹, N. Rajkumar ¹, V. Natarajan ¹, Madhur Juneja ¹, Pawan Somu ¹, Vaibhav Pant ¹, Nigar Shaji ², K. Sankarsubramanian ², Asit Patra ³, R. Venkateswaran ⁴, Abhijit Avinash Adoni ², S. Narendra ², T. R. Haridas ⁵, Shibu K. Mathew ⁶, R. Mohan Krishna ², K. Amareswari ², Bhavesh Jaiswal ²

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Astrophysics, 2nd Block, Koramangala, Bengaluru 560 034, IN
2 ISRO Satellite Centre, Old Airport Road, Vimanapura Post, Bengaluru 560 017, IN
3 Space Applications Centre, Jodhpur Tekra, Ambawadi Vistar, P.O., Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
4 Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems, First Phase, Peenya Industrial Estate, Bengaluru 560 058, IN
5 ISRO Inertial Systems Unit, Vattiyoorkavu PO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 013, IN
6 Udaipur Solar Observatory, Near Fatehpur Lake, Shilpgram, Udaipur 313 004, IN

Abstract

Solar coronagraph mimics total solar eclipse by blocking the solar disk and enabling the observation of extended coronal atmosphere of the Sun. Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC), on-board Aditya-L1 space mission, is an internally occulted solar coronagraph capable of simultaneous imaging, spectroscopy and spectro-polarimetry close to the solar limb. This payload is designed to study the coronal plasma and heating of the solar corona. Studying development, dynamics and origin of coronal mass ejections and measurement of coronal magnetic fields over active regions are other important science goals. VELC is designed to image the solar corona at 500 nm with an angular resolution of 5" over a field of view (FOV) of 1.05-3 R_o. It also facilitates simultaneous multi-slit spectroscopy at three emission lines, viz. Fe XIV (530.3 nm), Fe XI (789.2 nm) and Fe XIII (1074.7 nm) with a spectral resolution of 28 , 31 and 202 mÅ/pixel respectively, over an FOV of 1.05-1.5 R_o. The payload has a dual-beam spectro-polarimetry channel for magnetic field measurements at 1074.7 nm.

Keywords

Coronagraph, Coronal Mass Ejection, Payload, Solar Corona.

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Gummudavelly Sandeep ¹, Y. Sri Ranganath ², S. Bhasker ³, N. Rajkumar ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, J.K.K.M.M.R.F. College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam-638183, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, G. Pulla Reddy College of Pharmacy, Mehdipatnam, Hyderabad-500028, IN
3 Department of Pharmacology, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506002, IN
4 Department of Pharmachemistry, J.K.K.N. College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam-638183, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

A new series of 7-methoxy-4-methyl-8-[5-(substituted aryl) isoxazol-3-yl]–2H–benzopyran-2-ones were synthesized by cyclisization of chalcones, 8-(2-substituted prop-2-ene)-7-methoxy-4-methyl-2H-benzopyran-2-ones with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The chalcones were synthesized starting from 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin in 4 steps. The structures of the synthesized compounds have been established on the basis of physical and spectral data and are screened for anti microbial and anti inflammatory activities;some of them exhibited significant activity.

Keywords

Benzopyran, Coumarin, Antimicrobial and Anti Inflammatory.

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K. Sornalatha ¹, N. Rajkumar ¹, K. Pradeep ¹, C. Viswanatha ², Giridhar P. Kini ³

Affiliations
1 Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Division, Cental Power Research Institute, Bangalore-560 080, IN
2 Diagnostics Cables and Capacitors Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore 560 080, IN
3 Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engg., Manipal institute of technology, Manipal,Karnataka- 576 104, IN

Abstract

This paper throws light on application of synchronised phasor measurement in renewable energy systems. Power generation from renewable energy system connected to the grid is highly dynamic, nonlinear which needs to be monitored continuously for efficient and reliable system. There are various methods of monitoring of power from renewable energy system to grid. Nowadays, Time synchronisedphasormeasuring method proves to be a revolutionary method for power system monitoring. Synchronised PMU has wide application such as wide area monitoring, Real time monitoring, post even analysis, visualization, state estimation etc. They are employed in micro grid and distributed generation plants mainly for solving islanding issues. This paper summarises the synchrophasor application and its future scope in renewable energy system.

Keywords

Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU), Synchrophasor, Real-time Monitoring, State Estimation, Islanding

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Vikas Pratap Singh ¹, Vivek Vijay ¹, S. H. Gaurishankar ¹, D. K. Chaturvedi ², N. Rajkumar ³

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, Old Residency Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur - 342 011, IN
2 Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Electrical Department Faculty of engineering, Dayalbagh Agra-282005, IN
3 ERED, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 080, IN

Abstract

In 21st century solar power variability is an important issue due to grid integration. In these days grid integration is very popular because of heavy load. So solar power, wind power and conventional power are basic sources of grid integration. Solar power is playing a key role in grid integration. The main objective of this paper is to analyse solar power variability due to seasonal variation in Jodhpur. Jodhpur is known as sun-city for an average 320 sunny days in a year. Average solar insolation available in Jodhpur city is 5.7-6.0 kWh/m² per day. This is second highest insolation in the world. In this paper, the Solar power variability analysis is carried out based on the data collected from a typical 43 kW amorphous silicon solar photovoltaic system installed in Jodhpur. Mansoon, winter and summer seasons are used for analysis of variation in Photovoltaic Generation due to change of solar insolation. Output of solar photovoltaic system depends on solar insolation and in this paper we have analysed the variation in solar power according to rainy, winter and summer seasons and used artificial neural network to predict the power output from PV system. The paper showed that proposed ANN model is more accurate and study of variability in solar power can help in plant operation, power scheduling and dispatchability.

Keywords

No Keywords

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Vikas Pratap Singh ¹, Vivek Vijay ¹, S. H. Gaurishankar ¹, D. K. Chaturvedi ², N. Rajkumar ³

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, Old Residency Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur - 342 011, IN
2 Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Electrical Department Faculty of engineering, Dayalbagh Agra-282005, IN
3 ERED, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560 080, IN

Abstract

In 21st century solar power variability is an important issue due to grid integration. In these days grid integration is very popular because of heavy load. So solar power, wind power and conventional power are basic sources of grid integration. Solar power is playing a key role in grid integration. The main objective of this paper is to analyse solar power variability due to seasonal variation in Jodhpur. Jodhpur is known as sun-city for an average 320 sunny days in a year. Average solar insolation available in Jodhpur city is 5.7-6.0 kWh/m² per day. This is second highest insolation in the world. In this paper, the Solar power variability analysis is carried out based on the data collected from a typical 43 kW amorphous silicon solar photovoltaic system installed in Jodhpur. Mansoon, winter and summer seasons are used for analysis of variation in Photovoltaic Generation due to change of solar insolation. Output of solar photovoltaic system depends on solar insolation and in this paper we have analysed the variation in solar power according to rainy, winter and summer seasons and used artificial neural network to predict the power output from PV system. The paper showed that proposed ANN model is more accurate and study of variability in solar power can help in plant operation, power scheduling and dispatchability.

Keywords

No Keywords

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M. Siddhartha Bhatt ¹, S. Seetharamu ¹, N. Rajkumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore, IN

Abstract

This paper presents a methodology for assessment of annual heat rate of a coal fired thermal power unit based on a snap shot test to which various factors contributing to annual effects are added. This method is successfully used in a number of stations and represents the Unit Heat Rate (UHR) and Station Heat Rate (SHR) fairly well. This method is not a substitute for measurement of heat rate by direct measurement of coal flow and energy generated and is applicable only where direct measurement of coal flow into an individual boiler by gravimetric feeders or belt weighers is not available. This method is superior to other methods in view of its total coverage of all effects and no annual factor which affects heat rate is left out. Hence it is popularly accepted by most thermal stations. This method is superior to backward computation of UHR from SHR by apportioning.

Keywords

Coal Fired Station, Unit Heat Rate, Station Heat Rate, Coal Quality Effects, Heat Rate Degradation, Cycling Losses, Stacking Losses, Make Up Losses Central Power. Station Heat Rate, Coal Quality Effects, Heat Rate Degradation, Cycling Losses, Stacking Losses, Make Up Losses Central Power.

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N. Rajkumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Energy Effi ciency and Renewable Energy Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore-560080, IN

Abstract

This paper describes the performance analysis of steam generators. Various energy conservation measures such as operating excess air level control and insulation condition and its impact on overall heat rate of a thermal power station are discussed. Study results show that the change in operating oxygen level in fl ue gas can give benefi t in unit heat rate to the tune of 10–40 kcal/kWh in 210 MW units and 10–50 kcal/kWh in 500 MW units. Reduction in the boiler skin temperature from 30°C to 10°C above the ambient dry bulb temperature will result in improvement in unit heat rate by 60 kcal/ kWh in 210 MW units and 80 kcal/kWh in 500 MW units.

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N. Rajkumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Energy Conservation and Development Division, Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore - 560080, IN

Abstract

This paper describes the performance enhancement of steam turbines. Various energy conservation measures, such as steam path audit, vacuum improvement in condenser, turbine retrofi ts, feed heater performance improvement, etc. are discussed. Study results show that the improvement in operating turbine effi ciency will lead to a quantum improvement in unit heat rate from 25 kcal/kWh to 225 kcal/ kWh.

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N. Archana Kesarkar ¹, K. Jeykishan Kumar ¹, N. Rajkumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore – 560 080, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

The challenge with solar energy prediction is that the solar radiation is intermittent and uncontrollable. Energy forecasting can be used to mitigate some of the challenges that arise from the uncertainty in the resource. Weather data was sourced from India Meteorological Department for Bangalore and Chennai location. This paper provides statistical approach to predict the solar power in future. Analysis was done for different predictive models; Multiple Regression Model is used as we have multiple inputs. The results indicate the prediction of solar radiation has better accuracy during higher irradiation period rather than lower irradiation period.

Keywords

Irradiation, Multiple Regression, Solar Forecasting, Solar Radiation.

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