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Parle, Milind
- Study of Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Ethanolic Fraction of Seeds of Ocimum basilicum Linn
Abstract Views :207 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, 4th mile stone, Hisar Road, Sirsa - 125055, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, 4th mile stone, Hisar Road, Sirsa - 125055, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Vol 1, No 2 (2009), Pagination: 79-81Abstract
In the present study the ethanolic fraction of seeds of the plant Ocimum basilicum Linn. was taken and its anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated using carrageenan and formalin induced rat paw edema. The effect on chronic phase of inflammation was also studied using cotton pellet granuloma technique. The increase in paw thickness was measured using digital vernier caliper after 1,2,3 and 4 h of injection. Ethanolic fraction of the seeds of the plant at dose of 400 mg/Kg significantly inhibited acute phase of inflammation. The decrease in the weight of granuloma was also found by ethanolic fraction of the seeds at same dose. The study reveals that the ethanolic fraction of seeds of Ocimum basilicum Linn. possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity.Keywords
Anti-Inflammatory, Carrageenan, Formalin, Granuloma.
References
- Dhar, AK. Sweet Basil. Ocimum basilicum- a review. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Sciences. 2002; 24: 738-755.
- Jain, ML and Jain, SR. Therapeutic utility of Ocimum basilicum Linn. Planta Med. 1988; 54: 66-70.
- Suppakul, P, Miltz, J, Sonneveld, K and Bigger, S.W: Anti microbial properties of Basil and its possible application in food packaging. J. Agricultural and Food chem. 2003; 51: 3197-3207.
- Dasgupta, T, Rao, AR and Yadava, PK. Chemomodulatory efficacy of basil leaf on drug metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes and on the carcinogen-induced skin and forestomach papillomagenesis. Phytomedicine. 2004, 11: 139-151.
- Singh, S and Majumdar, D K. Evaluation of gastric anti ulcer activity of fixed oil of Ocimum basilicum L. and its possible mechanism of action. Indian J. Experimental Biology. 1999; 36: 253-257.
- Yamasaki, K, Nakano, M, Kawatha, T, Mori, H, Otake, T and Ueba, N. Anti HIV activity of herbs in Labiatae. Biological and Pharmacological Bulletin. 1998; 21: 829-833.
- Aziba, PI, Bass, D and Elegbe, Y. Pharmacological investigation of O. gratissimum in rodents. Phytotherapy Research. 1999; 13: 427-429.
- Zeggwagh, NA, Sulpice, T and Eddouks, M. Anti-hyperglycemic and Hypolipidemic effects of Ocimum basilicum aqueous extract in diabetic rats. American Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 2007, 2 (3): 123-129.
- Winter, CA, Risley, EA and Nuss, GW. Carrageenan -induced oedema in hind paw of rat as an assay for anti-inflammatory drugs. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 1962; 111: 544-547.
- Bonta, LL and Noordhoek, J. Anti-inflammatory mechanism of Inflamed tissue factor. Agents and Actions. 1973; 5: 519-527.
- Lee, IO and Crosby, G. Halothane effect on formalin induced paw edema and flinching in rats. J Korean Med Sci. 1999; 14 (1): 34-38.
- Bush, IE and Alexander, RW. An improved method for the assay of anti-inflammatory substances in rats. Acta Endocrinol. 1960; 35: 268-276.
- Effects of Memorhis, a Poly Herbal Formulation in the Management Memory Dysfunctions
Abstract Views :172 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Sarada Vilas College of Pharmacy, Mysore-570004, Karnataka, IN
2 Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharm. Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University, Hiar-125001, Haryana, IN
1 Division of Pharmacognosy, Dept. of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Sarada Vilas College of Pharmacy, Mysore-570004, Karnataka, IN
2 Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pharm. Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University, Hiar-125001, Haryana, IN
Source
Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Vol 4, No 2 (2012), Pagination: 97-103Abstract
Cure of cognitive disorders such as amnesia, attention deficit and Alzheimer's disease is still a nightmare in the field of medicine. Nootropic agents such as piracetam, aniracetam and cholinesterase inhibitors like Donepezil are being used to improve memory, mood and behavior, but the resulting side effects associated with these agents have made their use limited. The present study was undertaken to assess the potential of Pundi Rasayana (PR) as a memory enhancer. MEMORHIS is a poly-herbal formulation comprising of the herbal ingredients and pharmaceutical adjuvants. The plant extracts used for formulating this preparation were selected since they had exhibited very promising cognition improving effects in mice. The suspension was prepared using plant extracts of N. jatamansi, O. sanctum, A. racemosus, P. nigrum, M. elengi, P. niruri, G. glabra. Other ingredients of the preparations were ascorbic acid, cardamom oil, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, propylene glycol and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose.
The present study was undertaken to assess the potential of an MEMORHIS as a memory enhancer. Elevated plus maze and passive avoidance paradigm were employed to evaluate learning and memory parameters. MEMORHIS (50, 100 and 250 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered for 8 successive days to both young and aged mice. MEMORHIS (100 and 250 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly improved learning and memory in young mice and also reversed the amnesia induced by diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.), and scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, it also reversed aging induced amnesia due to natural aging of mice. MEMORHIS profoundly increased whole brain acetyl cholinesterase inhibition activity. Hence, MEMORHIS might prove to be a useful memory restorative agent in the treatment of dementia seen in the elderly. The underlying mechanism of its action may be attributed to its antioxidant and acetyl cholinesterase inhibition property.
Keywords
MEMORHIS, Amnesia, Learning, Memory.- What is Swine-Flu?
Abstract Views :169 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Meenu Bhoria
1
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharm. Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharm. Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 3, No 1-2 (2010), Pagination: 42-44Abstract
A person is said to have Swine-Flu when he experiences an acute attack of respiratory illness with the presence of swine influenza-A (H1N1) virus in his body fluids". 2009 Swine-Flu strain was first seen in Mexico and it is termed as H1N1 flu because, it is mainly found infecting human beings and exhibits two main surface antigens, viz., H1 (Hemagglutinin type1) and N1 (Neuraminidase type1) . Swine influenza virus was first isolated from pigs in 1930 in U.S.A. In several instances, people have developed Swine-Flu infection, when they were closely associated with pigs (e.g. farmers, pork processors). Likewise, pig population has occasionally been infected with the human fluid infection. Swine-Flu produces almost same symptoms in pigs as in human beings. Swine-Flu (Swine influenza) is a respiratory disease caused by viruses (Influenza viruses) that infect the respiratory tract and result in nasal secretions, a barking like cough, decreased appetite and listless behaviour. Under normal circumstances, the cross species infections (Swine virus to man, human fluid virus to pigs) have remained in local areas and have not spread to other parts of the country. Swine-Flu can last about 15 days, whether in pigs or humans. Unfortunately, this cross species infection with influenza viruses has begun to spread worldwide nowadays.- Therapeutic Management of Depression
Abstract Views :156 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Institute of Pharmacy and Emerging Sciences, Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technology, Baddi, Solan (H.P.), IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Institute of Pharmacy and Emerging Sciences, Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technology, Baddi, Solan (H.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 3, No 1-2 (2010), Pagination: 45-62Abstract
Depression is a common, chronic and potentially debilitating illness with the state of gloomy thoughts characterized by sadness, loss of interest in activities and decreased energy (WHO, Mental Health, 2010). In today's busy life, it is one of the most prevalent psychological disorder which is challenge to public health. By 2030, it is projected that depression alone is likely to be the second highest cause of disease burden-second only to HIV/AIDS (WHO, Mental Health, 2010; Mathers and Loncar, 2006). In 2003, results of a large national survey in United States revealed a lifetime prevalence rate of major depression of 16.2%, and the 12-month prevalence rate was 6.6% (Kessler et al., 2003; Kessler et al., 1994). The annual incidence of mood disorders is estimated to range from 7% to 12% of the population, and approximately 1 in 10 adults will suffer from an episode of major depression during any 12-month period (Narrow et al., 2002). Major depression affects 5 to 13% of medical outpatients (Coyne et al., 1994), yet is often misdiagnosed or untreated (Hirschfeld et al., 1997; Goldman et al., 1999). Moreover, it is oftenundertreated when correctly diagnosed (Goldman et al., 1999).Keywords
Depression, Artidepression & Therapeutic Management.- Sarcoidosis:A Mysterious Disease
Abstract Views :149 |
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Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Isha Dhamija
2
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 3, No 1-2 (2010), Pagination: 71-79Abstract
Ever since the description of sarcoidosis in 1877 by Jonathan Hutchinson and Caesar Boeck in 1899, sarcoidosis has fascinated the medical fraternity with its unique manifestations. Sarcoidosis is an inflammation, which produces small lumps of cells in different organs of the human body. It generally begins in the form of lymph nodes either in the chest cavity or the lungs and often affects skin, eyes, liver and rarely the kidneys, breast, thyroid gland. In India, sarcoidosis is often mistaken for tuberculosis. However, this disease has marked its beginning in our country. Sarcoidosis is not cancer and not even a contagious disease. More than half the patients experience weight loss, fatigue, night sweats, fever, anorexia or just an overall feeling of ill health in addition to pulmonary and extra pulmonary symptoms. Due to high incidence of tuberculosis in India and similarity of sarcoidosis with pulmonary tuberculosis, there is often diagnostic dilemma. Sarcoidosis is diagnosed by chest X-ray, pulmonary function test, blood test, ACE test, biopsy, gallium scanning and bronchoalveolar lavage. Corticosteroids mainly prednisone is the drug of choice for inflammation and granuloma formation. The present review article covers the symptoms, pathological features, diagnostic tests, pharmacotherapy and measures to prevent sarcoidosis.Keywords
Sarcoidosis, Diagnosis, Treatment.- Soybean:A New Generation Bean
Abstract Views :155 |
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Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Nitin Bansal
2
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sirsa (Haryana), IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Rajendra Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sirsa (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 3, No 1-2 (2010), Pagination: 80-86Abstract
Soybean and its food products have been extensively used as dietary items throughout the world. Soybean is well known for its nutritional value because of its high protein profile. The nutritional benefits of soybean are mainly due to the presence of essential amino acids, fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, isoflavone content and minerals. In addition to nutritional benefits, soybean supplementation also reduces the risk of developing various disorders such as cancer (including breast, prostate, endometrial and colon cancers), cardiovascular diseases (including hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis), osteoporosis, cognitive dysfunction (including dementia and Alzheimer's disease) and diabetes mellitus. Moreover, soybean plays an important role in reducing renal disease, viral infections and also acts as an immuno-modulator. Several mechanisms have been proposed for these beneficial effects such as modulation of estrogen receptors, lowering of cholesterol, antioxidant activity, protein tyrosine kinase inhibition and prevention of proliferation of cells. This review article mainly covers the nutritional and pharmacological profile of soybean.Keywords
Soy, Golden Bean, Isoflavones, Phytoestrogens.- Anti-Depressant Potential of Banana Fruit
Abstract Views :257 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Suman Malik
1
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 2, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 148-151Abstract
The search for novel pharmacotherapy from medicinal plants for psychiatric illnesses has significantly progressed in recent years. The present study was undertaken to test the antidepressant potential of Musa paradisiaca (commonly known as banana) fruit paste. Swiss mice were administered the banana fruit paste at various concentrations ranging from 5%, 10% and 20% w/w once daily for 15 successive days. The antidepressant activity was measured using forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). The results showed that the fruit paste significantly reduced the immobility time of mice in both FST and TST. Baclofen (10 mg/kg, i.p.), prazosin (62.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and p-CPA (100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly antagonized this reduction in immobility time. Furthermore, Musa paradisiaca paste inhibited significantly the Monoamine oxidase (MAO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. These findings reveal the anti-depressant potential of banana fruit. The underlying mechanism of action appears to be related to anti-oxidant, pro-adrenergic, pro-serotonergic and/or MAO inhibitory activity exhibited by the banana fruit.Keywords
Musa paradisiaca, Antidepressant, Forced Swim Test, Tail Suspension Test.- Neuroprotective Effects of Pomegranate Juice in Mice
Abstract Views :156 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 2, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 166-169Abstract
A keen interest in therapeutic properties of pomegranate has prompted numerous in vitro and in vivo animal and clinical studies. However, not much work has been done on the psychopharmacological actions of pomegranate juice. Therefore, this study explore the neuroprotective potential of pomegranate juice in mice. A total of 204 Swiss male mice divided into 34 groups were employed in the present investigation. Pomegranate juice (10% v/v) showed significant improvement in the memory of young and aged mice, when tested in object recognition task model. The pomegranate juice also reversed the memory deficits induced by diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.), scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.) and sodium nitrite (75 mg/kg, s.c.). Furthermore, pomegranate juice showed hypoglycemic effect in mice and increased brain reduced glutathione levels. The underlying mechanism of action for the observed memory enhancing effect of pomegranate juice could be attributed to its anti-oxidant and glucose lowering property. This study highlights the neuroprotective potential of pomegranate juice in various experimental models.Keywords
Pomegranate Juice, Memory, Alzheimer’s Disease, Neuroprotective.- Music is a Melodious Way to Fight Anxiety
Abstract Views :226 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Ashwani Arya
2
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 2, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 1-5Abstract
Anxiety disorders are manifested by hyper arousal of the central nervous system and intense feelings of fear, worry or apprehension. These disorders are highly prevalent and associated with substantial distress, morbidity and mortality. Music Therapy is based on the scientific use of tunes, sounds, rhythm, harmony and melody. Music is one of the most ancient methods of healing. In the light of above, it was thought to assess the usefulness of devotional music in fighting anxiety. This research project was carried out at Gupta Hospital, Hisar with the kind cooperation of psychiatrist Dr. Narender Kumar Gupta.MD. Forty indoor patients suffering from anxiety admitted at Gupta Hospital during the period from 1st January to 31st March, 2008 served as research participants. Both, male and female patients participated in this study. Medical history was recorded of each patient soon after admission. The mental state of patients suffering from anxiety was assessed by observing signs such as feelings of insecurity, irritability, restlessness, fears, insomnia and/or intellectual impairment. The level of anxiety for each patient was measured by the total score of above clinical signs. Fifteen patients, who were diagnosed to be suffering from anxiety disorder and received Music Therapy showed fast recovery from anxiety symptoms and exhibited normal behavior after 10 sessions of Music Therapy. The patients, who exhibited feelings of insecurity, irritability and/restlessness at the time of admission into the hospital showed stable emotional temperament after 10 sessions of Music Therapy. These patients, were comfortable, fearless and in a position to relax after receiving Music Therapy. Thus, Music Therapy had been successful in reversing various symptoms of anxiety and improved overall behavior, mental state and attitude of the patients.Keywords
Anxiety, Music, Insomnia, Stress.- Eat Momordica charantia to Get Rid of Dementia
Abstract Views :196 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Renu Kadian
2
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 2, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 18-23Abstract
Momordica charantia commonly known as bitter gourd in English and Karela in Hindi is widely used as a vegetable throughout the World. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Momordica charantia fruit (MCF) on memory, total cholesterol levels, glucose levels and brain cholinesterase activity in mice. A total of 336 mice divided in 56 different groups were employed in the present investigation. Different groups of young and aged mice were fed orally with a specially prepared diet containing various concentrations of Momordica charantia (5, 10, 20%w/w) for 30 days consecutively. The memory of these animals was measured using various exteroceptive and interoceptive behavioral models. MCF produced a dose-dependent improvement in memory scores of young and aged mice. MCF also reversed successfully the amnesia induced by scopolamine and diazepam. Interestingly, brain cholinesterase activity, blood glucose and total cholesterol levels were reduced by MCF administered in daily diets. The underlying mechanism of action for the observed memory-enhancing effect of MCF may be attributed to its acetyl cholinesterase inhibitory activity, hypoglycemic activity and/or cholesterol lowering property. Thus eating of bitter gourd on regular basis through daily diets would help in protecting us from developing dementia.Keywords
Momordica charantia, Amnesia, Memory, Hypoglycemia.- Concepts and Misconcepts of Schizophrenia
Abstract Views :162 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 2, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 71-77Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe and disabling brain disorder affecting about 1% of the world population. People with Schizophrenia may hear voices, which other people don't hear. Furthermore, schizophrenic patients believe that others are reading their minds, controlling their thoughts or plotting to harm them. These experiences are terrifying and can cause terror, social withdrawal or extreme aggressiveness. The schizophrenics often make senseless and incoherent conversation. Schizophrenia can be diagnosed by the presence of atleast one of the positive symptoms together with any of the negative symptoms. This article covers historical, causes, prevalence, clinical signs and notable victims affected by Schizophrenia in different parts of the world.Keywords
Schizophrenia, Psychosis, Alogia, Delusion.- Clinical Features of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Abstract Views :188 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Uday Gaikwad
1
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 2, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 84-86Abstract
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder featuring intrusive and troubling symptoms, which are perceived as the products of one's own mind unlike schizophrenia. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by absurd, recurrent and persistent thoughts (obsessions) followed by certain stereotyped actions (compulsions). The OCD patients realize the irrational nature of thoughts and rituals but feel helpless and hopeless about controlling them. The obsessive thoughts about cleanliness, exactness and household tools responsible for anxiety are apparently neutralized by repetitive rituals such as excessive and repetitive cleaning, arranging, checking and rechecking. Numerous genes modulating the serotonin and dopaminergic systems are thought to participate in the pathophysiology of OCD. There have been positive results with the association between polymorphism in the gene coding for D4 dopamine receptor and OCD. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder can impair all areas of brain functioning and produce devastating effects on patients and their families. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and to some extent tricyclic antidepressants form the main stay in the symptomatic treatment of OCD. However, none of these drugs provide complete relief and permanent cure.Keywords
Obsession, Compulsion, Genetics, Treatment.- Anti - Inflammatory Potential of the Seeds of Ocimum basilicum Linn. in Rats
Abstract Views :210 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 5, No 1 (2010), Pagination: 16-18Abstract
In the present study, the effect of the seeds of the plant Ocimum basilicum Linn. on inflammation induced by histamine and prostaglandins was studied. A total of 60 rats divided in 10 groups were used in this study. The experimental design was approved by IAEC. The increase in paw edema served as the index of inflammation and was measured using digital vernier calipers after injecting various edemogens such as histamine and PGF2α. Petroleum ether fraction (400mg/kg, p.o) and ethanolic fraction (400mg/kg, p.o) of the seeds of Ocimum basilicum Linn. significantly inhibited the paw edema produced by histamine and PGF2-α. These findings reveal that the seeds of the plant Ocimum basilicum Linn. possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity.Keywords
Anti-Inflammatory, Histamine, Prostaglandins.- Anti-Alzheimer Activity of Date Fruit
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Deepa Khanna
1
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharm. Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharm. Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 5, No 1 (2010), Pagination: 38-45Abstract
Phoenix dactylifera (Arecaceae) a cousin of lily is cultivated primarily as a fruit. P. dactylifera (PD) is found to possess useful medicinal properties, such as anti-viral, gonadotropic and anti-tubercular. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of P. dactylifera fruit (Date) on cognitive functions in mice. A total of 180 young mice divided in 36 groups were employed in the present study. PD fruit was administered orally in three doses (5, 10, 20 mg w/w) for seven successive days to different groups of mice. The learning and memory parameters were assessed using elevated plus maze and passive avoidance apparatus. PD fruit showed significant improvement in the memory of animals as reflected by increased step down latency and decreased transfer latency. It also reversed the amnesia caused by scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (1mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, PD fruit reduced significantly the central (brain) cholinesterase activity in mice. Since diminished cholinergic transmission appears to be responsible for the development of dementia in Alzheimer patients, PD fruit may prove to be a useful medicine on account of its multifarious beneficial effects. PD fruit appears to be a promising candidate for improving memory and it could be worthwhile to explore the potential of this fruit (Date) clinically in the management of Alzheimer’s disease.Keywords
Phoenix dactylifera, Date Palm.- Brain Structures Associated with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Abstract Views :212 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Uday Gaikwad
1
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharm. Sciences (Accredited by NBA), Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology (Accredited as ‘A’ Grade by NAAC), Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharm. Sciences (Accredited by NBA), Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology (Accredited as ‘A’ Grade by NAAC), Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 4, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 120-123Abstract
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by absurd, recurrent and uncontrollable thoughts (obsessions), which are followed by persistent urges to perform certain stereotyped actions (compulsions). The repetitive actions performed by OCD patients serve to neutralize the anxiety precipitated by obsessions. Most of the patients suffering from OCD realize the irrational nature of their thoughts and rituals but feel hopeless and helpless in controlling them. The probable causes of OCD include heredity, brain damage due to accidents/infection, abnormal brain glucose metabolism and serotonergic dysfunction. The brain regions impaired in OCD include basal ganglia, orbito-frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, amygdala, thalamus and brainstem. The repetitive rituals (compulsions) and aggressive behavior, which is predominant in OCD patients is probably due to serotonin depletion. Entire brain functioning is disturbed in patients suffering from OCD, thereby producing devastating effects at the work-place as well as at homes of the patients.Keywords
Obsession, Basal Ganglia, Cortex, Amygdala, Brainstem.- A Novel Medicine for Alzheimer’s Disease
Abstract Views :395 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheswar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheswar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 4, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 202-206Abstract
Pomegranate, which contains very high levels of anti-oxidant polyphenolic substances, beta- secretase inhibitors and several other bioactive compounds is consumed all over the world without much knowledge of its medicinal properties. Polyphenols have been shown to be neuroprotective in different animal models. There are no proven ways to delay the onset or slow down the progression of Alzheimer’s disease. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of pomegranate juice on memory deficits in mice and rats. A total of 216 Swiss mice and 72 Wistar rats were used in the present study. The exteroceptive behavioral models employed in the present study were elevated plus maze, passive avoidance apparatus and Hebb-William’s maze. Pomegranate juice (10% v/v) produced significant improvement in the memory of young and aged rodents and reversed the amnesia induced by diazepam (1 mg/ kg, i.p.) and scopolamine (0.4 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, pomegranate juice inhibited significantly the brain acetylcholinesterase activity, diminished peripheral cholesterol and brain malondialdehyde levels. Pomegranate juice appears to be a useful anti- Alzheimer medicine on account of its multifarious beneficial effects such as memory improving effect, cholesterol lowering property, anti-cholinesterase and anti-oxidant activity. Therefore, pomegranate juice may be exploited clinically for the management of Alzheimer’s disease.Keywords
Pomegranate, Memory, Amnesia, Alzheimer’s Disease.- A Review on Animal Models of Depression
Abstract Views :408 |
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GJUST, Hisar (H.R.), IN
2 Institute of Pharmacy and Emerging Sciences, BUEST, Baddi (H.P.), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GJUST, Hisar (H.R.), IN
2 Institute of Pharmacy and Emerging Sciences, BUEST, Baddi (H.P.), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 5, No 1 (2010), Pagination: 151-163Abstract
Animal models in psychopharmacology are difficult to develop because of the convolution of the human mind and the inherent difficulty in stimulating a similar condition in laboratory animals. However, animal models in the psychopharmacology have contributed a lot to drug research. Depression is one among the most rampant forms of psychiatric disorders and a leading cause for morbidity and mortality. Since, the unexpected breakthrough of the first antidepressants the progress in developing more efficient medications has marked time, emphasizing the need to establish novel classes of antidepressants. Various animal models have been developed and are instrumental in detecting the antidepressant-like potential of novel compounds in preclinical settings. The models commonly used are diverse and were developed originally based on the behavioral consequences of stress, drug, lesion or genetic manipulations. The present review is an attempt to compile together various animal models employed for the screening of antidepressants.Keywords
Depression, Model, Animal, Antidepressants.- Eat Tomato a Day to Keep Depression at Day
Abstract Views :173 |
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Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Suman Malik
1
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 4, No 2 (2010), Pagination: 258-262Abstract
Lycopersicon esculentum Mill (Solanaceae) popularly known as tomato, is a native of the western side of South America. Today, the United States of America, Russia, Italy, Spain, China, Egypt, Turkey and India are among the top selling commercial producers of tomatoes. Tomato leaves are used traditionally as antimicrobial agents. There are no reports in literature pertaining to CNS actions of Lycopersicon esculentum fruit. In the light of above, the present study was undertaken to test the antidepressant potential of Lycopersicon esculentum fruit juice. Lycopersicon esculentum juice (LEJ) was administered at various concentrations ranging from 5% to 20% v/v to Swiss mice, once daily for 15 successive days. The antidepressant activity was measured using forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). The results showed that the LEJ significantly reduced the immobility time of mice in both FST and TST. Prazosin (62.5 mg/kg, i.p.) and p-CPA (100 mg/kg, i.p) significantly antagonized this reduction in immobility time. Furthermore, Lycopersicon esculentum juice inhibited the monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme and reduced significantly malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. These findings reveal the anti-depressant potential of tomato.Keywords
Lycopersicon esculentum, Anti-Depressant, Forced Swim Test, Tail Suspension Test.- Music Therap:A Pleasant Way of Managing Depression
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Department of Pharmacy, Meerabai Polytechnic, New Delhi, IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
2 Department of Pharmacy, Meerabai Polytechnic, New Delhi, IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 3, No 2 (2008), Pagination: 364-368Abstract
Music has well established psychological effects, including the induction and modification of cognitive status, mood and emotions. The present study was designed to investigate the role of devotional music in the management of depression. This study was carried out on forty five indoor patients suffering with depression admitted at Gupta Hospital, Hisar. The Music Therapy sessions were administered in a sound proof environment in the presence of a psychiatrist and clinical psychologist. Music Therapy remarkably improved the speech, orientation, memory and concentration ability of depressed patients. Furthermore, Music Therapy had positive influence on the cognition status and general behaviour of patients. These findings suggested that Music Therapy has potential to produce antidepressant effects, when used judiciously. This study provides clinical evidence for the effectiveness of Music Therapy in patients of all abilities, ages and communities.Keywords
Music, Depression, Cognition, Brain, Orientation.- Music Therapy: A Battery Charger For Human Brain
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Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Ashwani Arya
1
Affiliations
1 Pharmacology Division, Department Pharm. Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Pharmacology Division, Department Pharm. Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 3, No 2 (2008), Pagination: 381-388Abstract
Music Therapy is growing as a profession globally, both in quantity and stature as a recognized treatment. In Italy, many physicians incorporate music into their medical practices. The United States of America, Russia, South Africa, Argentina, Norway, United Kingdom and Spain have well developed Music Therapy centres and active associations of music therapists. In India, classical music comprising of ragas has been employed for healing the Body- Mind -Soul complex. The purpose of any therapy is to improve the physical and mental well being of a person. Music Therapy is an innovative, artistic, scientific and evidence based method of restoring, maintaining and improving the emotional, physiological and psychological well-being of human beings of all ages and abilities through the power of music. Music knows no boundaries. It pervades everywhere irrespective of caste, creed, culture, national barriers or blood-brain barrier. Music can be found in every nook and corner of the world. It forms an integral part of our lives. Music represents an intriguing stimulus widely used in films to increase the emotional experience. The emotion processing brain structures are amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampus, insula, striatum, medial ventral frontal cortex, cerebellum and fusiform gyrus. Music constitutes an ideal means to create a sense of suspense in movies. The efficacy of Music Therapy has been proven in patients suffering from a wide range of disabilities such as dementia, acute brain injury, Parkinson’s disease, cerebral palsy, autism, Alzheimer’s disease, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, migraine, insomnia, chronic pain, and multiple sclerosis. Since Music Therapy is a non-invasive, enjoyable and cost-effective therapy, unique outcomes are possible.Keywords
Music Therapy, Brain, Memory, Depression, Insomnia.- Anti-Parkinsonian Effect of Aloe vera Juice in Rodents
Abstract Views :617 |
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Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Pankaj Rakha
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
Asian Journal of Bio Science, Vol 13, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 39-43Abstract
Parkinson disease is characterized by rigidity, tremors, shuffling gait and bradykinesia.At present, pharmacotherapy of Parkinsonism is limited mostly to symptomatic treatments that do not alter the course of the underlying disease. A number of medicines have been prescribed for treating this disorder particularly Levodopa. In Charak Sanhita, this disorder is named as Kampavata. Enormous numbers of compounds have been fractionated from plant sources for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. In the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate the anti-parkinsonian effect of Aloe vera juice using different experimental models. The powerful anti-oxidant activity possessed by Aloe vera, when coupled with the observations of the present study such as significant reduction in rigidity, hypokinesia and tremors of animals in different experimental models suggest promising anti-parkinsonian potential of Aloe vera juice.Keywords
Rigidity, Tremors, Bradykinesia, Parkinsonism.References
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- An Apple a Day Keeps Parkinsonism Away
Abstract Views :482 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Milind Parle
1,
Pankaj Rakha
1
Affiliations
1 Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
1 Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar (Haryana), IN
Source
International Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 11, No 1-2 (2018), Pagination: 8-12Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by tremors, rigidity, shuffling gait and hypokinesia. Deficiency of Dopamine in substantia nigra pars compacta is the main cause of the disease. Bromocriptine can be used as an alternate to levodopa because this drug is a direct agonist of striatal dopamine receptors. Therefore, in the present study Bromocriptine served as a standard drug. The main phytoconstituents of Apple fruit are vitamin B3, Vitamin B6, flavanoids and phenolic compounds such as polyphenol oxidase. Niacin is also reported to improve cognitive as well as motor function by stimulating the production of neurotransmitters. Therefore, anti-parkinsonian potential of Apple juice was investigated in the present study. Apple juice (0.5 ml and 1ml/100g p.o.) reduced the severity of tremors evoked by oxotremorine (0.5 mg/kg, i. p.). Apple juice diminished rigidity induced by Reserpine and restored the mobility impaired by Reserpine (5mg/ kg, i. p.) in rodents. Apple juice appears to produce its anti-parkinsonian activity mediated via enhanced dopamine and nor-epinephrine synthesis, increased cereberal blood flow through stimulation of NO production, antioxidant activity and neuroprotective action.Keywords
Abnormal Posture, Hypokinesia, Parkinsonism, Apple, Rigidity.References
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