Informatics Publishing Limited

Madhu Gupta ¹, J Venkatachalam ², Nidhi Goyal ¹, Ravinder Kaur ¹, Sonu Goel ¹, Manmeet Kaur ¹, Arun Kumar Aggarwal ¹, Pavitra Mohan ³

Affiliations
1 School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, IN
2 Dept of Community Medicine, PIMS, Pondicherry, IN
3 UNICEF, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Human resource insufficiency in the resource constraint countries like India insists that the existing human resources are optimally utilized. Supportive supervision is one such strategy to ensure retention of knowledge and skills of existing service providers for optimal implementation of any national health programme. The present study ascertained and documented various models of supportive supervision for implementation of Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses (IMNCI) strategy, to reduce under 5 mortality, in terms of its feasibility, sustainability, effectiveness, success and limitation in selected districts of Rajasthan, Orissa and Bihar states in India. The comparison of IMNCI indicators one year after the initiation of supportive supervision had shown that three post natal visits by health workers within 10 days of birth increased by 11.3 %, 20.2% and 37.6% in the districts - Tonk in Rajasthan, Mayurbhanj in Orissa and Vaishali in Bihar, respectively. There was a marked increase in the referral rates for both young infants and sick children in these states. More focused and regular supervisory visits kept health workers motivated and led to better IMNCI indicators in Bihar as compared to Rajasthan and Orissa. Model of supportive supervision involving both internal and external agency was found to be more feasible, sustainable and successful.

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Jagmohan Singh ¹, Kamaljeet Singh ¹, Manmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Post Harvest Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology (J), Chatha, Jammu, J&K, IN

Abstract

A comparative study on preparation of jam from three mango cultivars viz., Dashehari, Totapuri and Desi in combination with papaya was undertaken. The mango and papaya pulps were blended in the ratio of 100:00, 85:15, 70:30 and 55:45. Jams were prepared as per FPO specifications in which TSS was raised to a minimum of 68.5⁰B by adding sugar and acidity was maintained at 0.6 per cent using citric acid. Jams prepared were stored under ambient condition in glass containers and subjected to physico-chemical analysis at two months interval for a period of six months. The highest TSS (69.78⁰B), total sugars (64.72%), reducing sugars (32.46%) and total carotenoids (7.60 mg / 100 g) were recorded in T₁₀(Desi), whereas maximum acidity (0.652%), pectin (0.87%), dry matter (75.44%) and ash (3.27%) were recorded in T₆ (Totapuri). The maximum ascorbic acid content of 23.79 mg/ 100 g was found in T₁₃ (Desi + Papaya; 55:45) and minimum in T₆ (Totapuri). During storage, an increasing trend was observed in TSS, total sugars and reducing sugars, whereas acidity ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, pectin and ash decreased. The storability study revealed that jams were of good shelf life and can be kept at least for six months without affecting the quality attributes.

Keywords

Jam, Mango, Papaya, Blends, Cultivars

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Manmeet Kaur ¹, Jaspal Singh ¹, Manpreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

The increasing amount of wastes is a concerning reality that has arose the sustainability issues for the environment. Large amount of wastes such as fly ash (from thermal plant), hypo sludge (from paper mill industry) etc. is generated annually which are generally disposed off by landfills leading to environmental pollution. Hypo plant in the paper industry generates large volume of waste in the form of a slurry. This solid waste directly affects the soil properties and contributes to the soil pollution. Also, the production of cement accounts for the global warming by releasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Therefore, the formulation of concrete with industrial waste can help in minimizing the environmental problem. In this study, hypo sludge was used as a replacement of cement in concrete. Polypropylene fibre (PPF) was added to strengthen the concrete. In this research work 25 mixes were prepared at different replacement levels of hypo sludge (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) and polypropylene fibre (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 0.10%) for M-20 mix. Workability was determined; the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete were tested after 7, 14 and 28 days of curing.

Keywords

Concrete Technology, Hypo Sludge, Compressive Strength, Splitting Tensile Strength, Coefficient of Brittleness.

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Ravneet Chawla ¹, Manmeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, Government Home Science College, Punjab University, Chandigarh, IN

Abstract

Youth in Indian context exhibit and are more vocal to discuss prevalence of violence in marriage. It is important to know the marriage types, and causes, also seeking perceptions on individual, family and other factors of violence and compiling gender wise perceptions on violence and its correlates so as to sensitize youth on the need for preparedness for marriage (through pre marital counselling). A need based tool with questions out of ongoing researches was designed and got approved by scholars working in the area. The fact on violence prevalent in most cases with differences has a high corroboration. The sample included in the study was equal number of males and females between the age of 18 to 25 years (n=200; males-n=100, females-n=100). The findings reflected issues that lead to violence to be those such as ego blocks, in laws' interference parents of the both the spouses, misunderstandings on carelessness, possessiveness, differences in thoughts and viewpoints, dowry demands, trust issues, educational qualification, sexual dissatisfaction, stubborn and temperamental issues, uncompromising nature on small issues, irritable nature, substance indulgence, financial issues, restraining partner in social bonding, and so on. Majority admitted that all forms of violence are happening in society around us. Further, more girls agreed to need for premarital counselling; boys were not open about it. The study points out the sensitive issues that can be dealt with for a forthcoming matrimony among two individuals. These are typically youth around us as potential companions in marriage in the near future.

Keywords

Violence in Marriage, Pre Marital Counselling, Preparedness for Marriage.

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Manmeet Kaur ¹, Harmeet Kaur ²

Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor, Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, IN
2 Principal, Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Autistic spectrum disorders are the complex neurological conditions resulting in impaired social interaction, difficulty in understanding verbal and non-verbal communication. Caring for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) is challenging for both children and their caregivers. Paediatric autistic population have restricted stereotyped behavioural conditions thus resulting in psychological distress, depression, anxiety and other physical health problems among caregivers. The Autistic spectrum disorder uplifts its effect in the early 2.5-3years and continues thereafter till the child turns to an adult. Moreover, many caregivers face severe financial crises, given high out-of-pocket health care expenses, unemployment. Certain set of researches conducted reported plethora of psychosocial problems affecting caregivers of children with autism, ranging from stress, depression, anxiety, restrictions of activities, strain in marital relationships and diminished physical health. The paper aims to discuss the prevalence of autistic spectrum disorder that is increasing due to altered environmental changes, genetic pre-disposition and inability to maintain regularity in antenatal services. Further more, altered quality of life of the caregivers will also be discussed along with exploration of their concerns while dealing with special children.

Keywords

Child Development Disorders, Prevalence, Health Related Quality of Life, Caregivers concerns

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