Informatics Publishing Limited

Harprit Kaur ¹, Manjot Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, IN

Abstract

Gender mainstreaming may well be the most basic strategy for the promotion of gender equality as was recognized by experts at Beijing in 1995. While it is the ultimate tool, but it encompasses a range of strategies which must cut across differential developmental stages, and consequently address the related significant areas. The first evidence of gender inequality is the early socialization; and hence the mainstreaming too must begin by recognizing the gender biases in the earliest parent child interactions. Parents are the most influential and effective socializing agents during the course of development (Sirohi & Chauhan ,1991). Researches show that family environment and child rearing practices, significantly affect the child's thinking, feelings and behaviour, and hence create the basic framework within which the consequent adult approach to life is determined. The whole personality of child can be moulded by parental interactions. Parenting style refers to a privilege or responsibility of parents to prepare the child to get along in the society according to cultural norms (Veeness, 1973). Further, the child's own perception of parental attitudes plays a very crucial role in his / her personality development (Rohner, 1990). So the child's perception of parental attitude towards himself /herself is of great concern in the dynamics of behavior. It provides new avenues of research for deeper probe in the domain of how gender inequalities get perpetuated; and are maintained as the gender stereotypes may become an inherent part of psyche by internalizing parental gender based interactional patterns. The present paper aims to analyze the parental relationship as perceived by boys and girls, with specific reference to their perception of fathering and mothering. The aim is to highlight the differences in the child parent relationship due to the gender of the child, with the ultimate purpose of identifying the domains which need to be addressed to mainstream gender equality will be highlighted.

Keywords

Parent-Child Relationship, Gander Bias.

Full Text

     

Damanjit Sandhu ¹, Manjot Kaur ¹, Kirandeep Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The problem of school bullying is on the rise world wide. Bullying has proven to be damaging and destructive for the pupils as well as for the society at large. In most situations, victims do survive but carry scars for a lifetime. Bullying tends to have negative affect on the physical, psychological, emotional, academic and social well being of a child. The present study was conducted to understand the relationship between school bullying and pupil well-being. This study highlighted the impact of bully-victimization on pupil well-being and it also explored the links between bully victimization and problem behaviour in Indian adolescent pupils. 200 school going adolescent boys and girls (age range 15-17 years) served as subjects in this study. Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale (Mynard&Joseph, 2000), Youth Self Report (YSR) (Achenbach,1991) and Friedman Well-Being Scale (Friedman, 1992) were used. Reliability coefficients and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficients were computed. The results of the study showed that Bully-Victimization is linked with internalizing problem behaviour and it is negatively associated with happiness, joviality, sociability, self esteem/self confidence and emotional stability. Another very interesting finding which emerged from the present study is that pupils face physical victimization and attacks on property together.

Keywords

School Bullying, Bully-Victimization, Pupils, Adolescents, Well-Being, Problem Behaviour.

Full Text

     

Gurinder Singh ¹, Manjot Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali - 140413, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The main objectives of this research are to improve performance of LEACH protocol for data gathering by deploying multiple sinks. The movement of the sinks are depends upon the signal strength and bee colony algorithm. By using the proposed technique performance of LEACH protocol is increased. Method Analysis: To improve performance of LEACH protocol is improved by deploying multiple sinks and movement of the sinks are decided using bee colony. Findings: By Appling bee colony with LEACH protocol for multiple sink movement various energy parameters are analyzed and compared with existing algorithm. It is seen that energy consumption of the network reduced and network is increased. The improvement leads to batter data gathering from cluster heads and throughput of the network is increased.

Keywords

Ad-Hoc on Demand Distance Routing Protocol (AODV), Base Station (BS), Cluster Head (CH), Clustering, Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Mobile Sink in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Full Text

   

Manjot Kaur ¹, Sukhdeep Kaur Mann ¹, Kanwaljit Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Extension Education and Communication Management, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN

Abstract

The Honorable Prime Minister of India, Shri Narendra Modi has stated that “Today, the world and India need a skilled workforce. If we have to promote the development of our country then our mission has to be skill development’ and `Skilled India”. Skills and knowledge are the engines of economic growth and social development of any country. Women constituted almost 48.5 per cent of the total population of India, but their input to economic action is far beneath the potential. Female workforce participation rate in India stands at 31.8 per cent which is almost half of the male workforce participation rate at 73.2 per cent and these women have also been paid very low wages for the same work as compare to the men due to lack of skills. Skill development among rural women is the necessity of the hour to make them self possessed, self reliant and to enischolar_main in them the ability to be a component of decision making at home and outside. Therefore, there is a great need to properly skill the significantly large work force so that they can became a major part of the economy. Skill development is a key to women empowerment as it leads to enhancing household productivity, employability and income earning opportunities for women. The idea of skill development in India has been greatly acknowledged and programmes and policies like Pradhan Mantra Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), UDAAN, Standard Training Assessment and Reward (STAR) and many more has been formulated to initiate this concept. Despite the various efforts by the government, there is yet a prolong way to bring the skill development mission to accomplish due to existence of various obstacles in the path of rural women. So, there is great need to identify various obstacles faced by the rural women and ways of facilitating skill development among rural women.

Keywords

Rural Woman, Empowerment, Skill Development.

Full Text

     

Manjot Kaur ¹, Kanwaljit Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Extension Education and Communication Management, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN

Abstract

Empowerment is a process that makes women understand her unique potential and enables her to break barriers to make her realize that she has the capacity to utilize her full potential. But it is unfortunate that because of centuries of inertia, ignorance and conservation, the actual and potential role of women in the society has been ignored. Study was conducted to measure empowerment of rural women in terms of socio-psychological and economic empowerment after getting training from selected Krishi Vigyan Kendras of Punjab namely Bathinda, Ferozpur, Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur and Saheed Bhagat Singh (SBS) Nagar. All long duration vocational training courses conducted by these Krishi Vigyan Kendras for women from year 2009-2013 were included in the study. A sample of 140 trainees was drawn by applying probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling method and data were collected personally from the selected trainees by using an interview schedule. The findings of the study revealed that even after getting training from Krishi Vigyan Kendras the socio-psychological and economic empowerment level of majority of the trainees was low. Age, social participation and mass media exposure of trainees had positively and significant relationship with the level of empowerment while education had negative but significant relationship with the level of empowerment. So there is a need to impart socio-psychological and economic empowerment aspect to women trainees during the training programme through different strategies.

Keywords

Empowerment, Krishi Vigyan Kendras, Vocational Trainings, Rural Women.

Full Text

     

Manjot Kaur ¹, Jatinder Kaur Gulati ¹, Parvinder Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present paper includes empirical action research. The quantitative method was used to assess the development of life skill 'Coping with Stress' among NIOS learners. It was carried out in the Ludhiana city of Punjab state. The sample was comprised of 100 female learners of Ludhiana who were enrolled with NIOS at secondary level with Home Science as one of the subjects of their curriculum. They were approached in their homes, tuition centres, academies, NIOS Accredited Institutes and their work places. The sample was further divided into two equal groups as control and experimental group. The analysis of distribution of respondents showed that during the post learning phase percentage of learners possessing average and high level of coping with stress increased to 6 6 per cent from the earlier 58 per cent and 10 per cent to 14 per cent, respectively. It was also found that coping with stress was negatively related with intelligence. A significant shift was seen in high and low stress coping skill. The percentage of respondents in high stress coping skill increased fromjust 2 per cent to 14 per cent in the post learning phase showing the difference in distribution to be significant at (p<0.05) level. The respondents with average level of intelligence had shown the highest increase in the means scores of stress coping as compared to the learners having high or low level of intelligence. Therefore, it can be concluded that after learning the study material, learners were more enabled to recognize the sources of stress, understanding its effects, evolve strategies to reduce their stress and relax without making the situation worse.

Keywords

Stress, NIOS Learners, Coping Skills, Life Skills.

Full Text

     

Manjot Kaur ¹, Ravijot Kaur ¹, Sarabjeet Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Journalism, Language and Culture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to measure the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation among distressed farmers ofPunjab. Snowball technique was used for the selection of the distressed farmers and total 400 farmers comprised the sample. Selected sample was spread across the agricultural geographies from various districts of Punjab. A self-structured questionnaire was prepared and data were collected personally by the researcher. The scales measuring depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and suicidal ideation (Modified Scale for Suicidal Ideation) were administered on the farmers to measure the level of depression and suicidal ideation among them. Results revealed that majority of the distressed farmers fall under 31-45 years of age and were male farmers. More than fifty per cent respondents were having 5 to 8 members in their family and were small farmers. Highest percentage (89%) of the respondents was under heavy debt of different denominations. Nearly one third of the respondents had moderate level depression and a large proportion of the respondents had low level of suicidal ideation. Age had negative and significant and significant relationship with suicidal ideation. Gender, total family members and total tube wells has negative and significant relationship with depression. The analysis also indicted that total number of livestock has negative and significant relationship with depression while positive and significant relationship with suicidal ideation. It can be concluded that medical and mental health services are important for early and effective treatment and relief for those suffering from depression or are at the edge of it. Treatment interventions alone cannot achieve significant reductions in personal, social and financial burden associated depression and suicidal ideation and therefore interventions are required earlier in the development of these conditions.

Keywords

Farmers, Suicide, Suicidal Ideation, Depression.

Full Text