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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Subramanian, M.
- Convergence of Web Services and Service Oriented Architecture In Pervasive Environment
Abstract Views :169 |
PDF Views:2
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering at PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli District, IN
2 Mascon Global Limited, Chennai, IN
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering at PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli District, IN
2 Mascon Global Limited, Chennai, IN
Source
Wireless Communication, Vol 1, No 2 (2009), Pagination: 98-102Abstract
Nowadays mobile devices are omnipresent. Web service architectures are increasingly used as platforms for distributed applications. Web services and mobile devices together are paving way for the emergence of pervasive computing systems. Popular pervasive computing systems in use today don't use mobile devices and web service architecture due to the lack of the necessary supporting interface. Service oriented architecture (SOA) fills the gap. In this paper we present an infrastructure for pervasive computing system encompassing both. The infrastructure builds on both the SOA and the Web service technology. The combination provides an adoptive environment were users can utilize computing services as and when they need and everywhere using any kind of appliance. Here devices discover each other and use each other's services through UDDI Web service registry.
One criterion for a pervasive system to be successful is to be simple and based on a well-known technology, which easily could be extended for specific applications. An infrastructure for pervasive computing must enable high interconnectivity, dynamic interactions among connected devices, at all levels encompassing hardware, software, and people.
The Web Services Description Language (WSDL) has become a standard programming interface to access any application, and SOAP has become a standard interoperability protocol to connect any application to any other. These two standards provide a firm foundation for the growth of pervasive computing. Web services specifications that define security, reliability, transactions,orchestration, and metadata management meet additional requirements for enterprise features and qualities of service. Together,the Web services standard and SOA are the best combination toprovide an infrastructure for pervasive computing.
Keywords
Pervasive Computing, SOA, Web Services.
- Ontology Based Semantic Web for Building Context-Aware Pervasive Environment
Abstract Views :168 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering at PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli, IN
2 Mascon Global Limited, Chennai, IN
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering at PSN College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli, IN
2 Mascon Global Limited, Chennai, IN
Source
Networking and Communication Engineering, Vol 1, No 2 (2009), Pagination: 57-61Abstract
Emerging pervasive computing solutions provide “anytime, anywhere” computing by decoupling users from devices and viewing applications as entities that perform tasks on users’ behalf. Context-aware systems provide mechanisms for developing applications that are aware of environments and able to adapt to changing contexts seamlessly. Context-aware computing has attracted much attention from researchers in recent years, and several context-aware systems have been developed to demonstrate the technology’s usefulness. However, building context-aware applications is complex and time-consuming due to inadequate infrastructure support. To manage the context information systematically, the framework entities must have a common structure for representing information.
In this article, we propose an ontology-based context model that leverages Semantic Web technology and OWL (Web Ontology Language). Our work differs from and perhaps outperforms previous work in several respects. Using the Semantic Web standard OWL to define context ontology provides a foundation for building interoperable smart spaces where computing entities can easily exchange and interpret contexts.
Keywords
Context-Aware, Ontology, Semantic Web.- Multi-Objective Optimization of Material Layout for Body-In-White using Design of Experiments
Abstract Views :284 |
PDF Views:323
Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Automobile Engg., Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Automobile Engg., B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai, IN
1 Dept. of Automobile Engg., Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Automobile Engg., B. S. Abdur Rahman University, Chennai, IN
Source
International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems, Vol 8, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 17-22Abstract
Vehicle mass reduction is a major area of research in the automobile industry. Various techniques like reduced part break up, section reduction, material alternatives and load path design are widely being researched across the world. This paper presents a new technique of identifying materials for the components of minimal part break-up Body-In-White (BIW) in the conceptual phase using design of experiments and multi-objective optimization. Prime focus was on the methodology to effectively consider the materials for the parts without compromising the structural performance of the target components. BIW structural load cases like bending and torsion stiffness were considered to evaluate the structural performance. Material list is used as the design variable and then sampled using design of experiments to undertake multi-objective optimization. As a result, optimal material distribution and mass savings have been achieved for the BIW parts. The optimized design performance is closer to the baseline design. The proposed methodology may be widely adopted by engineers to optimally distribute the materials for the BIW components at various stages of the vehicle design.Keywords
Design of Experiments, Multi-Objective Optimization, Body-In-White, Bending Stiffness, Torsion Stiffness.Full Text
- Fatigue Life Prediction of a Commercial Vehicle Radiator under Internal Pressure Cycling Loading
Abstract Views :148 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Automobile Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Hindustan University, Chennai – 603103, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Hindustan University, Chennai – 603103, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Automobile Engineering, BS Abdur Rahman University, Chennai - 600048, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Automobile Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Hindustan University, Chennai – 603103, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Hindustan University, Chennai – 603103, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Automobile Engineering, BS Abdur Rahman University, Chennai - 600048, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9, No 33 (2016), Pagination:Abstract
Objectives: The study is conducted to find the hot spot stresses in the commercial vehicle heavy duty radiator subjected to internal pressure loading and predict the pressure cycle life. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The finite element analysis technique is employed to predict the hot spot stress and pressure cycle life of the radiator. Finite element model of the radiator is built by the including the mass and stiffness of the radiator component. Header tube joint is the critical area which affects the pressure cycle life and needs to be analyzed. The critical joint area is captured with a good mesh pattern and better element quality to avoid stress singularities and spurious stresses. Findings: Deformation and stresses are the studied in detail to evaluate the finite element analysis result. The radiator deformation shows core side to side expansion which correlates well with the pressure cycle test. Then von-mises stresses are measured at various locations, the header tube stress is found to at 75MPa. Since the radiator core material is ductile material, von-mises stress criterion is employed. To calculate the pressure cycle life, three components such as geometry, loading and material are required. The geometry component is represented by the stress concentration factor (kt) at the header tube joint. The Kt value can be measured based on test failure history. The loading is represented by the internal pressure loading. The S-N curve and cyclic stressstrain properties for the aluminium material is required. Once the above three parameters are known, we can calculate the pressure cycle life at the header tube joint using strain life approach. Calculated pressure cycle life at the critical joint is found to be 150,000 cycles to failure. The virtual life meets the typical pressure cycle life at the header tube joint. Application/Improvements: Prototypes for the pressure cycle test can be reduced. The approach identifies the weak areas early in the design phase. Approximate pressure cycle life at header tube joint is estimated.Keywords
Critical Joint, Core Deformation, Finite Element Modeling, Pressure Cycle Life, Radiator, Von-mises StressFull Text
- Network Monitoring and Traffic Reduction Using Multi-Agent Technology
Abstract Views :149 |
PDF Views:3
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology, Scad College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli - 414, IN
1 Department of Information Technology, Scad College of Engineering and Technology, Tirunelveli - 414, IN
Source
International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol 6, No 3 (2014), Pagination: 2342-2346Abstract
In this paper the algorithms which could improve Transmission band and Network Traffic reduction for computer network has been shown. Problem solving is an area with which many Multiagent-based applications are concerned. Multiagent systems are computational systems in which several agents interact or work together to achieve some purposes. It includes distributed solutions to problems, solving distributed problems and distributed techniques for problem solving. Multiagent using for maximizing group performance with planning, execution, monitoring, communication and coordination. This paper also addresses some critical issues in developing Multi agent-based traffic control and monitoring systems, such as interoperability, flexibility, and extendibility. Finally, several future research directions toward the successful deployment of Multiagent technology in traffic control and monitoring systems are discussed.Keywords
Agent, Data Compression, Efficiency Algorithm, Multiagent System, Transmission Band.Full Text
- Accelerating the Product Development of a Commercial Vehicle Radiator using Finite Element Analysis
Abstract Views :393 |
PDF Views:136
Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Automobile Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Sci., Padur, Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Mech. Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Sci., Padur, Chennai, IN
3 Dept. of Automobile Engg., BS Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur, Chennai, IN
1 Dept. of Automobile Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Sci., Padur, Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Mech. Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Sci., Padur, Chennai, IN
3 Dept. of Automobile Engg., BS Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur, Chennai, IN
Source
International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems, Vol 9, No 1 (2017), Pagination:Abstract
Emissions such as Nox and CO resulting from the combustion of the diesel engines in the commercial vehicles leads to environmental degradation and ozone layer depletion. Alarming environment trend forces the government institutions to develop and enforce strict emission laws for the next generation transportation vehicles. Stricter emission laws mean higher operating pressure, temperature, reduced weight, tight packaging space, engine downsizing etc. Engine cooling systems are the critical components in the managing the engine cooling requirement of the commercial vehicle. Generally engine cooling system includes radiator, charge air cooler, engine oil cooler etc. Product development of thermal management system using the traditional design process takes more time, resource and money. To solve the complex design problem, numerical technique such as finite element analysis is performed upfront in the product development of the radiator to evaluate the structure behaviour under mechanical loading. In this paper, internal static pressure analysis of a radiator is presented to showcase the benefits of using the finite element technique earlier in the product design phase. Pressure cycle life at a critical joint of the radiator is calculated using strain-life approach. Finite element analysis aids in visualization of the hot spots in the design, comparing different design options with less turnaround time. Experimental testing and prototypes can be reduced. Risk of a product being failed is greatly minimized by performing the numerical simulation.Keywords
Engine Cooling System, Radiator, Finite Element Analysis, Linear Static Analysis, Life Estimation.Full Text
References
- S. Bennett. 2008. Medium & Heavy Duty Truck Engines, Fuel & Computerized Management Systems, 4th Edition Cengage Learning.
- P.K. Beatenbough. 1992. Radiator design and material recommendation based on failure mode analysis, SAE Tech. Paper, 920178. https://doi.org/10.4271/920178.
- R.D. Cook, D.S. Malkus, M.E. Plesha and R.J. Witt. 1992. Concepts and Application of Finite Element Analysis, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons.
- E.P. da Silva, F.M. da Silva and R.R. Magalhaes. 2014 Application of finite elements method for structural analysis in a coffee harvester, Engineering, 6(3), 138147. https://doi.org/10.4236/eng.2014.63017.
- S. Dheeraj and R. Sabarish. 2014. Analysis of truck chassis frame using FEM, Middle East J Scientific Research, 20(5), 656-661.
- C. Li, S. Fan and M. Shi. 2010. Preparation of CAD model for finite element analysis, Proc. Int. Conf. on Computer, Mechatronics, Control and Electronic Engineering, Changchun, Jilin, China.
- J. Eitel, G.T. Woerner and S. Horoho. 1999. Aluminium radiators for heavy duty trucks, SAE Tech. Paper, 199901-3721.
- G.S.T. Millard. 1977. Analysis of durability characteristics of heavy duty radiators, SAE Tech. Paper, 770024.
- W.S. Miller, L. Zhuang, J. Bottema, A.J. Wittebrood, P. De Smet, A. Haszler and A. Vieregge. 2000. Recent development in aluminium alloys for the automotive industry, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 280(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(99)00653-X.
- Altair HyperMesh, User Guide, Version 13, Altair Engineering Inc.
- Altair Optistruct, User Guide, Version 13, Altair Engineering Inc.
- R.H. MacNeal and R.L. Harder. 1985. A Proposed standard set of problems to test finite element accuracy, Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 1, 3-20. https:// doi.org/10.1016/0168-874X(85)90003-4.
- A. Khosrovaneh, R. Pattu and W. Schnaidt. 2004. Discussion of fatigue analysis techniques in automotive applications, SAE Technical Paper, 2004-01-0626.
- H.S. Reemsnyder. 1979. Constant amplitude fatigue assessment, SAE Technical Paper, 820688.
- Improvements in Vehicle Stiffness by Adding Internal Reinforcements
Abstract Views :279 |
PDF Views:136
Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Automobile Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Science, Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Mech. Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Science, Chennai, IN
3 Dept. of Automobile Engg., BS Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur, IN
4 School of Mech. Engg., Sathyabama University, Chennai, IN
1 Dept. of Automobile Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Science, Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Mech. Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Science, Chennai, IN
3 Dept. of Automobile Engg., BS Abdur Rahman University, Vandalur, IN
4 School of Mech. Engg., Sathyabama University, Chennai, IN
Source
International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems, Vol 9, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 72-76Abstract
The world’s climatic conditions rises and there is a demand for environment friendly vehicle designs. The automobile industry strives hard to ensure low carbon emissions. This refers to the mass reduction and fuel consumption. This paper investigates to achieve the overall Body-in-white (BIW) bending and torsion stiffness performance using Topology optimization and light weight internal reinforcements. The potential opportunity of achieving light weight structure using the efficient way of defining the internal reinforcements has been investigated. BIW at the conceptual design phase has been considered for the research. Topology optimization was performed considering the roof rail and the rocker as the design space with an approach of achieving the improved torsion and bending stiffness performance. The optimized bulk head design locations have improved the BIW stiffness performance with minimal mass increase in the BIW. This method can be widely used at various stages of the BIW design to identify the weaker sections and then design the load path using internal reinforcements effectively. The optimized internal reinforcements has achieved higher torsion and bending performance with minimal mass addition.Keywords
Design of Experiments, Optimization, Body-In-White Stiffness, Multi Objective, Bending, Torsion, Bulk Heads.Full Text
References
- M. Khani. 2014. Design of Light weight magnesium car body structure under crash and vibration constraints, J. Magnesium and Alloys, 99-108.
- Q. Zhang. 2013. A simulation analysis and optimization of mode and stiffness of BIW, Proc. FISITA World Automotive Congress, 7, 145-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33835-9_14.
- G. Peterson. 2013. Cost-effectiveness of a lightweight BIW design for 2020-2025: An assessment of a midsize crossover utility vehicle body structure, SAE Tech. Paper 2013-01-0667.
- J. Deleener. 2014. Extraction of static car body stiffness from dynamic measurements, SAE Tech. Paper 2010-01-0228.
- B. Liu. 2014. A research on the body-in white (BIW) weight reduction at the conceptual design phase, SAE Tech. Paper 2014-01-0743.
- B. Matteo and D. Poerre. 2012. Topology optimization for minimum weight with compliance and stress constraints, Structural Multi Disciplinary Optimization.46(3).
- G. Zhou, G. Li, A. Cheng and G. Wang. 2015. The lightweight of auto body based on topology optimization and sensitivity analysis, SAE Tech. Paper 2015-01-1367.
- M. Rajasekaran, V. Hariram and M. Subramanian. 2016. Multi-objective optimization of material layout for body-in-white using design of experiments. Int. J. Vehicle Structures & Systems, 8(1), 17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.8.1.04.
- D. Baskin. 2008. A case study in structural optimization of an automotive body-in-white design, SAE Tech. Paper 2008-01-0880.
- J. Christensen. 2011. Lightweight hybrid electrical vehicle structural topology optimisation investigation focusing on crashworthiness, Int. J. Vehicle Structures & Systems, 3(2), 113-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4273/ijvss.3.2.06.
- B. Liu, Z. Zhan, X. Zhao, H. Chen, B. Lu, Y. Li and J. Li. 2014. A research on the body-in white (BIW) weight reduction at the conceptual design phase, SAE Tech. Paper 2014-01-0743.
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- Y.W. Lee. 1997. A Study on the improvement of the structural joint stiffness for aluminum BIW, SAE Tech. 970583.
- D.M. Baskin, D.B. Reed, T.N. Seel, M.N. Hunt, M.Oenkal, Z. Takacs and A.B. Vollmer. 2008. A case study in structural optimization of an automotive body-in-white design, SAE Tech. Paper 2008-01-0880.
- A.V. Londhe. 2010. A systematic approach for weight reduction of BIW panels through optimization, SAE Tech. Paper 2010-01-0389.
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- M. Rajasekaran, V. Hariram and M. Subramanian. 2016. A new minimal part breakup body-in-white design approach and optimized material map strength assessment, J. Teknologi, 78(7), 17-22. https://doi.org/10.11113/jt.v78.5597.
- M. Rajasekaran, V. Hariram and M. Subramanian. 2016. New methodology for light weight solutions to improve BIW structural performance using bulk head optimization, J. Mech. Science Tech., 30(8), 3533-3537.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-0713-5.
- M. Rajasekaran, V. Hariram and M. Subramanian. 2016.New mass optimization technique to achieve low mass BIW designs using optimal material layout methodology on frontal vehicle crash, J. Mech. Science and Technology, 30(12), 3533-3537. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-016-1130-5
- Power Quality Improvement in Power System Using Multilevel Inverter under Non Linear Load Condition
Abstract Views :198 |
PDF Views:1
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, N.S.N. College of Engineering and Technology, Karur, IN
1 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, N.S.N. College of Engineering and Technology, Karur, IN
Source
Digital Signal Processing, Vol 10, No 5 (2018), Pagination: 83-85Abstract
The multilevel inverter reduces the harmonic contents and achieves sinusoidal signals. The hybrid active filter to achieve power quality compensation and active power filter with low power rating is used to filter the other higher order harmonics and power factor can also be improved. Almost near to unity with the help of shunt capacitors this system helps to improve the electrical supply quality. A Multilevel Inverter (MLI) is a power electronic device built to produce a desired A.C voltage from several levels of DC voltages.
Generally unbalanced voltages will occur at supply side these can be eliminated by using multi-level Inverter. Hence increase the efficiency of the system if the system stability problems or power quality issues which needs to be resolved and limited utilization and they operate at relatively low power level with respect to the designed power rating during most of long-term field operations High temperature peaks and variations on switching devices due to the intermittency which accelerates the degradation of the switching devices. To tackle the overloading issue, this system therefore proposes a hybrid power control concept with the objective to improve the system performance and increase the power factor of multilevel inverter and hence MATLAB simulation have been carried out.
Keywords
Multilevel Inverter, Higher Order Harmonics, Hybrid Power Control.References
- I. Mahendravarman, A. Ragavendiran, S. Preethi, “A New Soft Switching Scheme for Power Factor Correction In UpsBasedApplication” Nov 2014
- Ninujoy, Mohammed Jouhar, KeerthiSabu, Mari Philip“Harmonic Reduction and Power Factor Improvement in Ups”June-2016
- P.Adhityan, M.Rajkumar, M.R.Neetu Singh,“Improvement Of Power Quality Using Cascaded Multilevel Inverter In T-Statcom Based System” June-2015
- NanditaVenugobal, Saipriya Ramesh, N.ShanmugaVadivu,”Modified Approach for Harmonic Reduction in Multilevel Inverter” Nov 2012
- Mr.Y.Prakash, Dr.S.Sankar, “Power Quality Improvement Using Dvr in Power System”Aug- 2014
- B.Harish, U.RajaKiran, B.Madan Lal1, Soubhagya Kumar Dash, “Power Quality Improvement of Dc-Ac Converter by Using Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter”Feb-2014
- Prof. Pravin G. Dhawale, Prof. Sandip S. Godhade, “Power Quality Improvement of Hybrid System Using Active Control Methods”Jan-2017
- Vasanthakumar, K.Ramcharan, “Power Quality Improvement Using 3 Phase Cascaded H-Bridge Multi Level Inverter under Unbalanced Voltage Conditions”July-2012
- IonelVechiu, Etxeberria, QuentinTabart, “Power Quality Improvement Using an Advanced Control of A Four-Leg Multilevel Converter” Jan-2014
- N.Chelammal, SubhransuSekar Dash, Velmurugan“Power Quality Improvement Using Multilevel Inverter as Series Active Filter”May-2012
- Job Dimensions of Women School Teachers in Tirunelveli
Abstract Views :180 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
M. Subramanian
1,
B. Revathy
1
Affiliations
1 Department of Commerce, Manonmaniam Sundarnar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, IN
1 Department of Commerce, Manonmaniam Sundarnar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review, Vol 7, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 72-75Abstract
Today's e- era is characterized by excellence, competitions, quality, money and success. To achieve these women in general look in for lot of short cuts in their professional career to earn reputation among others. This lead to tremendous stress and pressure which is spilled over to others in form of abuse and at times ends up in violence. Along with stress, strain in human being and in a world that is changing at a tremendous pace, globalization had led to an increase in the growth of education institutions all over the world and the education scene in India is no exception and especially with the current scenario of trying to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGS) of providing basic education for all by 2018. To fulfill social, environmental, economical needs one has to face stress, strain and anxiety. The study concludes that organizational support towards teachers in enhancing job satisfaction is very important. All efforts should be taken to improve the job satisfaction of teachers.Keywords
Distress, Eustress, Hassles, Health, Stressors.References
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- Konicek, D. G. (1992). Community college faculty who conduct industry training activities: A job satisfaction study. Community/Junior College Quarterly, 2(5(4). 361-372.
- Health Monitoring System for Automobile Vehicles to Enhance Safety
Abstract Views :305 |
PDF Views:163
Authors
Affiliations
1 Dept. of Auto. Engg., Crescent Institute of Sci. and Tech., Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Auto. Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Sci., Chennai, IN
1 Dept. of Auto. Engg., Crescent Institute of Sci. and Tech., Chennai, IN
2 Dept. of Auto. Engg., Hindustan Institute of Tech. and Sci., Chennai, IN
Source
International Journal of Vehicle Structures and Systems, Vol 10, No 6 (2018), Pagination: 395-398Abstract
In recent times most of the automotive vehicle accidents are increased day by day in India. Recent causes of the accident shows that more than 20% of accidents are caused due to health issues which occur to drivers while driving the vehicle. In the proposed project we had been monitoring the status of health condition of the driver by using sensors such as pulse rate sensor and temperature sensor. The heart beat rate falls below the lower limit and above the higher limit to the driver. The driver can be prevented from driving the vehicle when he is in extreme emotion such as heart attack, arrhythmias, heart stiffening or weakening, cardiomyopathy, stress, anxiety, depression etc. The speed of the vehicle is measured by speed sensor in the vehicle. The ultrasonic sensor which is used to sense the object placed in the front of the vehicle. The result is to create a system capable of contributing to the reduction of collisions. The driver who suddenly suffers from health issue especially heart attack while driving the vehicle cannot handle the vehicle because during heartache the movement of hands is difficult to control the vehicle which leads to accidents. The heart rate sensor placed in seatbelt of the driver and heat sensor in the driver seat. The sensors collect the data and send it to the control unit which interprets the data with the standard value and if some values are unusual may be in heart rate, blood pressure. The control unit sends out a warning signal to the driver and if the driver doesn’t show any reaction within the set time the braking system is actuated.Keywords
Heart Rate, Pulse Sensor, Arduino Board, Ultrasonic Sensor, Braking System.Full Text
References
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- Toxicity of Some Insecticides to Lifestages of Cheilomenes sexmaculata Under Laboratory Conditions
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, Kerala, IN
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, Kerala, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Entomology, Vol 84, No 4 (2022), Pagination: 878-880Abstract
Commonly used insecticides in cowpea were evaluated for their safety to the aphidophagous predator Cheilomenes sexmaculata (F.). As per IOBC standards, acute toxicity bioassays done at recommended field doses showed that dimethoate was harmful to all the lifestages with 100% mortality. Thiamethoxam was found safe to egg stage but was harmful to grubs, pupae and adults. Neem oil was harmful to the nonfeeding stages, eggs and pupae, completely inhibiting egg hatching and adult eclosion; it was harmless or slightly harmful to the feeding stages. Flubendiamide and spinosad were found harmless to all the lifestages with > 10% mortality (eggs, grubs and pupae) and 12.5% to adults.Keywords
Cheilomenes sexmaculata, lifestages, toxicity, dimethoate, thiamethoxam, spinosad, flubendiamide, neem oil, bioassays, safety.Full Text
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