A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
K., Kalaivani
- Effect of Lactation on Nutritional Status in Urban Women from Low Middle Income Families
Authors
1 Nutrition Foundation of India, C-13, Qutab Institutional Area, New Delhi - 110 016, IN
2 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore-641 043, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 57, No 3 (2020), Pagination: 222-239Abstract
In India breast feeding is universal. Studies carried out in the 1980s have shown that in women from low income families, lactation during the first six months was associated with weight loss. Over time there has been substantial reduction in under-nutrition across all groups including lactating women and over-nutrition has emerged as a public health problem. A study was taken up to assess the impact of universal and prolonged lactation on nutritional status and adiposity in 2240 women from urban low middle income group; 83.5% were 18-29 years of age and 16.5% were 30 years or older. As lactating women had to meet the energy cost of milk production, they weighed less and had lower mean BMI, MUAC, HC and WC as compared to non-lactating women. Prevalence of under-nutrition was higher and over-nutrition was lower in lactating women as compared to non-lactating women. In this community, prevalence of under-nutrition was low and lactation was not associated with persistent deterioration in nutritional status in either of the age groups; identifying lactating women who are under-nourished, providing them with nutrition education and take home rations continuously and monitoring their improvement may result in steep reduction in under-nutrition rates. Prevalence of over-nutrition in lactating women especially in ≥ 30 year age group was high; over-nutrition rates increased with waning lactation. Nutrition and health education on importance of increasing physical activity and interventions to promote discretionary physical activity are urgently required to halt the rise in over-nutrition and risk of non-communicable diseases in these women.Keywords
Adiposity, Abdominal Adiposity, Duration Of Lactation, Low Middle Income Families, Over Nutrition, Under-Nutrition, Urban Women.
References
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- Nutritional Status of Parents and their Pre-School Children
Authors
1 Division of Public Health Nutrition, Nutrition Foundation of India, New Delhi, Delhi-110 016, IN
2 Division of Public Health Nutrition, Nutrition Foundation of India, New Delhi, Delhi-110 016), IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 58, No 4 (2021), Pagination: 489-500Abstract
During 1970s poverty and household food inadequacy led to high under-nutrition rates in all age groups. Over years there has been an improvement in per capita income and household food security. In the last two decades there has been a steady decline in under-nutrition and increase in over-nutrition in adults, but child under-nutrition rates continue to be high. The present study was taken up in urban low income families, to assess the differences in the nutritional status of pre-school children and their parents. Height and weight measurements were taken in 3727 mother infant pairs; in 637 families father’s anthropometric parameters were available. Stunting, underweight and wasting rates in children were highest when the mothers were under-nourished (BMI <18.5) and least when the mother was over-nourished (BMI ?25). A similar but less distinct trend was observed in relation to nutritional status of the fathers and pre-school children. Even when the mother or father was under-nourished less than one fifth of the pre-school children were wasted and over 80% were normally nourished. Stunting rates were over 40% if the mother or father was in the lowest height tertile. However even when the father and mother were in the highest tertile for height, about one fourth of the children were stunted. These data suggest that maternal and paternal under-nutrition and low height are associated with higher child under-nutrition and stunting respectively. However, even when the mother or father was short or under-nourished, majority of the children were normal in height and normally nourished. In view of the intra-family differences in nutritional status, it is essential to undertake assessment of nutritional status of each member of the family and provide appropriate nutritional advice and intervention.