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K. Prasad

Abstract

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K. Prasad

Abstract

no abstract

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Rakesh K. Singh ¹, B.C. Rai ², K. Prasad ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Patna Women’s College, Patna University, Patna-800 001, IN
2 Department of Physics, College of Commerce, Patna, IN
3 Centre for Applied Physics, Central University of Jharkhand Ranchi-835205, IN

Abstract

Copper substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using citrate precursor method. The precursor was annealed at temperatures 700°C. The annealed powders were characterized using X-ray diffractometer, FTIR and vibrating sample magnetometer. XRD analysis showed that the compounds are having cubic spinel structure. Sharp changes were observed in particle size, lattice constant, magnetization and retentivity with the increasing Cu content.

Keywords

Magnetic Nanoparticle, Modified Cobalt Ferrite, Citrate Precursor Method, Magnetization

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B. Ravi Prasad Rao ¹, V. Srinivasa Rao ¹, K. Prasad ¹, M. Ramesh ¹, D. Veeranjaneyulu ¹, K. Thulsi Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Biodiversity Conservation Division, Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur - 515 003, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 State Project Coordinator, UNDP, 349, Aranya Bhavan, Saifabad, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

The study was aimed to estimate standing biomass and carbon stocks in linear, scattered and block structures of trees outside forests through non-destructive method in Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh. A total of 45.65 ha area was sampled in the district for this purpose. The study recorded a total of 19 species from linear plots, 35 species from scattered and 8 species in blocks with mean stem density of 18.2, 100.5 and 153.8 individuals' ha^-1 respectively and their respective mean basal area is 17.45, 1.48 and 26.58 m²ha^-1. The growing stock density is 13.59, 57.94 and 15.49 m³ for linear, scattered and block structures respectively and standing biomass density values are 99.14±216.48 Mg ha^-1, 5.73±7.37 Mg ha^-1 and 105.16±125.43 Mg ha^-1 for the same. The carbon stocks in linear structure is 47.09±102.8 Mg ha^-1; scattered structure 2.72±3.50 Mg ha^-1 and block structure 49.95±59.58 Mg ha^-1. The girth class distribution shows that in linear, scattered and block structure >150 cm GBH class contributes higher values of growing stock, standing biomass and carbon stocks.

Keywords

Carbon Stocks, Kurnool District, Standing Biomass, Trees Outside Forests

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M. Nitin ¹, K. Prasad ¹, A. Dastapur ¹, S. Suryawanshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, H.K.E Society's College of Pharmacy, Sedam Road, Gulbarga - 585105, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Single dose and multiple dose influence of, Coenzyme Q10 in chlorpromazine induced catatonia was studied in adults albino rats of either sex. The study intended to find the role of antioxidants coenzyme Q10 in controlling extrapyramidal side effects. Phenothiazine derivatives produce catatonia as an unwanted side effect when used especially for prolonged periods of time in psychiatric disorders. The catatonia was induced in albino rats using chlorpromazine in the dose of 0.9mg/200g p.o. and the degree of catatonia was recorded.

Coenzyme Q10 was administered first followed by chlorpromazine after 30 minutes p.o in single dose studies. In multiple dose studies Coenzyme Q10 was administered for 8 days followed by the combination of Coenzyme Q10 and chlorpromazine on 9^th day as described above and the degree of catatonia was scored. The study reveals that coenzyme Q10 produced statistically significant reduction of extrapyramidal symptoms in both single and multiple dose studies. Thus coenzyme Q10 has beneficial effects in controlling the toxicity symptoms of phenothiazines. Since, coenzyme Q10 is used safely in the form of food supplement it can be recommended in patients who are using phenothiazine derivatives for prolonged periods of time.

Keywords

Chlorpromazine, Catatonia, Coenzyme Q10, Extrapyramidal Symptoms.

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K. Prasad ¹, M. Nitin ², M. Chetan ³, M. Girish ³, Krishna Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Bhimavaram-534202, A.P., IN
2 HKES College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Sedam Road, Gulbarga-585105, Karnataka, IN
3 HKES College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Gulbarga-585105, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Peptic ulcer is a chronic and appalling disease. Today, it is dominant among the diseases that affect the world's population. The principal factors causing this disease are inadequate dietetic habits, prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, stress and infection by Helicobacter pylori, in addition to other factors of genetic origin. The present study was designed to evaluate the combination effect of vitamin E with lansoprazole against pylorus ligation induced ulcer model in rats. The antiulcer effect of the combination of vitamin E 0.9mg/200g and lansoprazole 0.54mg/200g b.w. orally was compared with the reference standard lansoprazole 0.54mg/200 g b.w. orally. The ulcer index and other biochemical parameters like volume, pH, free acidity and total acidity of gastric juice were estimated. The ulcer index and other biochemical parameters like volume (***P < 0.001), free acidity (***P < 0.001), total acidity (***P < 0.001) and pH (**P < 0.01), of gastric juice showed reduction when compared to standard lansoprazole. The percentage protection of combination was 92.9% as compared to standard lansoprazole 82.8%. Thus the combination group was found to be synergistic in nature when compared to lansoprazole alone.

Keywords

Antiulcer Activity, Vitamin E, Lansoprazole, Pylorus Ligation Model, Ulcer Index.

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P. Venu ¹, K. Prasad ¹

Affiliations
1 Deccan Regional Centre, Botanical Survey of India, Hyderabad 500 048, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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Sadananda Reddy ¹, P. D. V. Vyas ², Nidhi Mehta ³, K. Prasad ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, IN
2 Nalgonda, TS, IN
3 RINPAS, Ranchi, IN
4 NIMHAN, Bengaluru, IN

Abstract

Emotional intelligence and self esteem can play a significant role in education among students; this might have an effect or impact to influence students' in studies, it's indeed to develop emotional intelligence and self esteem in therapeutic process among students to understand their emotional relations and personal judgment of worthiness. Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to assess and understand the relationships between emotional intelligence and self esteem among undergraduate students. The study was taken in the NG College (autonomous), affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), Nalgonda, Telangana, India. Students who were studying graduation final year were selected for this study. The researcher has used Socio Demographic details, “Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test” (SSEIT; Schutte, et al., 1998) and The Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES, 1965); Ethical issues have been followed while conducting the study. Present study suggests that undergraduate students were having high level of emotional intelligence where as self esteem was moderate level, hence its urge to develop self esteem among under graduates students. Teachers, lecturers, professors, UGC and University levels need to encourage positive coping strategies, career oriented counselling, competitive spirit and group discussions /therapies to help the students in developing self esteem.

Keywords

Emotional Intelligence, Self Esteem, Undergraduate Students.

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Sadananda Reddy ¹, Sagar Rani ², Nidhi Mehta ³, K. Prasad ⁴, Gobinda Majhi ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, IN
2 Kakatiya Degree and P.G. College, Nalgonda, IN
3 RINPAS, Ranchi, IN
4 NIMHAN, Bengaluru, IN
5 Department of PSW, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, IN

Abstract

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by M Lepare. It affects mainly the peripheral nerves. It also affects the skin, muscles, eyes, bones, testes, and internal organs. In India, leprosy is known since ancient times as Kustiaroga and attributed to punishment or cause from God. During the middle ages, leprosy was widespread in almost all countries of the world. Thereafter, it declined slowly in many countries, partly due to strict isolation and partly due to improvements in the standard of living and the quality of life of the people. The study aimed to assess psychological distress and quality of life among persons with leprosy. This cross sectional study included 60 persons with Leprosy from Leprosy colony of Telangana, India, after obtaining their written consent. A semi-structured tool was used to elicit socio-demographic details. The psychological distress was assessed with DASS (21 items) and quality of life was assessed with WHOQOL-BREF (25 items). Data was analyzed with descriptive statistics tests and T-test were used. Ethical issues have been followed while conducting the study. It was found that majority of the respondents have psychological distress without any significant difference in male and female respondents which means both respondents psychological distress scale was elevating in depression, anxiety and stress domains due to leprosy and all most all domains of quality of life shows respondents were having poor quality of life. The findings from this study indicates that there was enormous scope for the social workers, they need to play various roles like preventive, curative, developmental and remedial roles for reducing psychological distress and to improve their quality of life among persons with leprosy.

Keywords

Psychological Distress, Quality of Life, Persons with Leprosy.

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Shilpa Maria ¹, I. J. Kuppast ¹, J. H. Virupaksha ¹, M. Vanajakshi ¹, K. Prasad ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, National College of Pharmacy, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga (Dist)-577201, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Most of the drugs used in primitive medicine were obtained from plants and are the earliest and principal natural source of medicines. Plants are a reservoir of potentially useful chemical compounds which serve as drugs and provide newer leads and clues for modern design by synthesis. Callistemon lanceolatus DC belongs to the family Myrtaceae commonly known as bottle brush, is frequently cultivated throughout India in gardens as ornamental plant. Humming birds love the flowers, and the plant. Callistemon species had a role as traditional bush medicine. The genus is known in folk medicine for its anti-cough, anti-bronchitis, and insecticidal effects and its volatile oils have been used as anti-microbial and anti-fungal agents, anti-phylococcal, nematicidal, larvicidal, pupicidal agent. The phytoconstituents present in this plant are flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, monoterpenoids, triterpenoids, phloroglucinol derivatives, carbohydrates, proteins and essential oils. So this review article is a collective source of the various information regarding Callistemon lanceolatus published in various journals and books.

Keywords

Callistemon lanceolatus Myrtaceae Bottle Brush Anti-Fungal Flavonoids Essential Oils.

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M. Nitin ¹, K. Prasad ¹, A. Dastapur ¹, S. Suryawanshi ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, H.K.E Society's College of Pharmacy, Sedam Road, Gulbarga – 585105, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Single dose and multiple dose influence of vitamin-C in chlorpromazine induced catatonia were studied in adult albino rats of either sex. The study intended to find the role of antioxidant vitamin-C in controlling extrapyramidal side effects. Phenothiazine derivatives produce catatonia as an unwanted side effect when used especially for prolonged periods of time in psychiatric disorders. The catatonia was induced in albino rats using chlorpromazine in the dose of 0.9mg/200gms p.o. and the degree of catatonia was recorded. Vitamin-C was administered first followed by chlorpromazine after 30 minutes (p.o.) in single dose studies. In multiple dose studies, vitamin-C was administered for 8 days followed by the combination of vitamin-C and chlorpromazine on 9^th day as described above and the degree of catatonia was scored. The study reveals that vitamin-C produced statistically significant reduction of extrapyramidal symptoms in both single and multiple dose studies. The vitamin-C has beneficial effect in controlling the toxicity symptoms of phenothiazines. Since, vitamin-C is used safely in the form of food supplement it can be recommended in patients who are using phenothiazine derivatives for prolonged periods of time.

Keywords

Chlorpromazine, Catatonia, Vitamin-C, Extrapyramidal Symptoms.

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G. Babu ¹, Thejonath Kolla ¹, K. Prasad ¹, M. Vijayabaskaran ², S. T. Latha ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, J. K. K. Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam – 638 183, Namakkal Dt. Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, J. K. K. Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam – 638 183, Namakkal Dt. Tamil Nadu, IS
3 Dep. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam – 637 205, Namakkal Dt. Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

A simple and specific UV derivative spectroscopy and RP-HPLC was developed for buclizine hydrochloride. These methods are carried out by using 234 nm as the wavelength and 100% v/v methanol as solvent. Second derivative spectroscopy was developed to minimize the interferences. The linearity ranges were 10-50 mcg/ml for derivative spectroscopy and 1-10 mcg/ml for the RP-HPLC respectively. Chromatographic separation was made on Phenomenex Luna C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5μ) column at room temperature with 1.0 ml/min as flow rate and the injection volume was 20 μl. The retention time was found to be 7.15 min. The high recovery and low relative standard deviation confirms the suitability of the methods for the determination of buclizine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Keywords

Buclizine Hydrochloride, UV Derivative Spectroscopy, RP-HPLC, Piperazine Derivative, Antiemetic.

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Sadananda Reddy ¹, K. Prasad ², Nidhi Mehta ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Social Work, Don Bosco Academy Degree and P.G College, Nalgonda, Telangana, IN
2 Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bangalore, IN
3 Department of Clinical Psychology, RINPAS, Kanke, Ranchi, IN

Abstract

Mental disorders are highly prevalent and have been associated with considerable suffering and impacts on emotional and physical health, functioning, and costs. Worldwide, epidemiological surveys have estimated rates of lifetime prevalence of mental disorders among adults and children ranging from 12.2 to 48.6%, and 12-month prevalence rates ranging from 8.4 to 29.1%. Recognizing barriers and their individual contributions to delaying or preventing access to mental health services is a key step to overcome obstacles. To assess barriers to access psychiatric care in children and adolescents with first episode psychosis. This study is cross sectional, hospital based, single contact, time bound study from June to December, 2012. Purposive sampling technique is used to select the samples of the study. This study is conducted at Out-Patient Department of Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CCAP) of Central Institute of Psychiatry (CIP), Kanke, Ranchi. Respondents of present study were the primary caregivers of the patient. The tools were assessed on Socio Demographic and Clinical Data Sheet and the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE) scale was developed in the Health Services and Population Research Department of the Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, in London. The present study findings indicates that children and adolescents with first episode psychosis had moderate level of barriers having to access psychiatric care, children and adolescents had experienced more instrumental barriers, the reasons why people with mental ill health sometimes avoid or delay seeking help from health services are numerous and include instrumental barriers. Present study findings indicate that early recognition and treatment is crucial to improve illness course and prognosis and to reduce treatment complexity and costs for children and adolescents with first episode psychosis. Barriers to access, children and adolescents, first episode & psychiatric care.

Keywords

Episode Psychosis, Psychiatric Care, Children, Adolescents.

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K. Prasad ¹, P. Venu ², S. Kaliamoorthy ³

Affiliations
1 Botanical Survey of India, Deccan Regional Centre, Hyderabad 500 048, IN
2 Environment Protection Training and Research Institute, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 032, IN
3 Botanical Survey of India, National Orchidarium and Experimental Garden, Yercaud 636 602, IN

Abstract

Taxonomists seldom stumble upon rare species in explorations, and it is unlikely that they realize the rarity of the material immediately. At best, they could consider such materials interesting and call for greater scrutiny in the fixing of correct identities. One such collection was made while exploring the South Indian species of Habenaria Willd. (Orchidaceae) in Agasthyamalai hills, Tamil Nadu (TN), India.

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K. Prasad ¹, D. Ram ², D. Bhattacharjee ³, Sadananda Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bangalore, IN
2 Psychiatry Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, IN
3 Department of Psychiatric Social Work, Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi, IN

Abstract

Depressive symptoms and styles of conflict resolution displayed by males (husbands) and females (wives) in marital conflict, including angry, depressive, and constructive patterns of expression. Depression is not only affects the patient but also the spouses to the maximum extent. Depression and marital conflict can influence bidirectional. Present study objective was to compare the conflict resolutions styles in depression and normal controls. This study was a cross - sectional, hospital based, single contact, time bound study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the samples for the study. The study group comprised of 30 married individuals with depression whereas the control group consisted of 30 married normal individuals. Both the groups were assessed on a Socio-demographic data sheet, Hamilton rating scale for anxiety, Hamilton rating scale for depression and Conflict resolution styles inventory. It was found that there were significant differences in the conflict resolution styles of persons with depression compare to normal individuals and there were no significant difference between males and females of people with depression in conflict resolution styles. There were significant differences found in conflict resolution styles domains of conflict engagement, positive problem solving, withdrawal and compliance in people with depression in comparison with normal controls.

Keywords

Depression, Marriage, Conflict Resolution Styles.

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K. Prasad ¹, Ameer Hamza ¹, Basavaraj Shrinivasa ¹, Manoj Kumar Sharma ², Sadananda Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychiatric Social Work, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, IN
2 Department of Clinical Psychology, NIMHANS, Bengaluru, IN

Abstract

Internet has become part of our lives and there has been a manifold increase in internet users over the years in India and globally. It has made our life easy and comfortable through providing better opportunities for communication, information and social interaction. However, excessive usage of the internet has led to many negative consequences on human life. Despite excessive internet use has led to the emergence of the concept of internet addiction, the conceptual clarity is still missing to understand the underlying mechanism. Due to this lack of the conceptual clarity, there has not been a formal consensus on diagnostic criteria for Internet Addiction which has hindered the development of proper assessment tools and epidemiological research on the topic and the concept of Internet addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder is still in its infancy. But most of the studies conducted previously in the field of internet addiction looked into the risk factors for developing or associated with internet addiction rather than conceptualizing the underlying phenomenon of problematic internet use and testing out the same with further research. This leaves the question about calling the internet addiction as a separate disorder or considering it as a comorbid condition for other psychiatric condition unanswered. So the focus of the current review is to understand the conceptual issues pertaining to problematic internet use through the available literature and to draw the attention of readers on the existing theories explaining the etiology of the problematic internet use and to provide future direction for research in this important and yet controversial area.

Keywords

Problematic Internet Use, Psychiatric Disorder, Youth.

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