Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
Journals
Year
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Krishnan, K.
- Evaluation of distilled water as a mountant in the slide preparation for phytolith identification
Abstract Views :232 |
PDF Views:123
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 005, India, IN
1 Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 005, India, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 123, No 9 (2022), Pagination: 1152-1158Abstract
Microscopy is a critical component in phytolith research. To identify and count distinct morphotypes, phytoliths extracted from sediments are mounted on microscopy slides and observed under a microscope. The mounting material used to adhere the samples to the slides affects visibility and image quality. Mountants are chosen depending on whether a temporary or permanent slide is required. Benzyl benzoate, microscopy immersion oil, glycerol and distilled water are a few temporary mountants used for phytolith analysis. In the present study, we evaluate the efficiency of distilled water as a temporary mountant with regard to viewing efficiency, image clarity and ability of rotation of phytolithsKeywords
Archaeobotany, distilled water, microscopy, mountant, phytolith.Full Text
References
- Horrocks, M., Irwin, G. J., McGlone, M. S., Nichol, S. L. and Wil-liams, L. J., Pollen, phytoliths and diatoms in prehistoric coprolites from Kohika, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. J. Archaeol. Sci., 2003, 30, 13–20.
- Albert, R. M., Bamfordb, M. K. and Cabanes, D., Taphonomy of phytoliths and macroplants in different soils from Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania) and the application to Plio-Pleistocene paleoanthropo-logical samples. Quaternary Int., 2006, 148, 78–94.
- Piperno, D. R., Phytoliths: A Comprehensive Guide for Archaeolo-gists and Paleoecologists, Altamira Press, Lanham, MD, USA, 2006, p. 90.
- Lentfer, C. J. and Boyd, W. E., An assessment of techniques for the deflocculation and removal of clays from sediments used in phyto-lith analysis. J. Archaeol. Sci., 1999, 26, 31–44.
- Zhao, Z. and Pearsall, D. M., Experiments for improving phytolith extraction from soils. J. Archaeol. Sci., 1998, 25, 587–598.
- Lentfer, C. J. and Boyd, W. E., A comparison of three methods for the extraction of phytoliths from sediments. J. Archaeol. Sci., 1998, 25, 1159–1183.
- Horrocks, M., A combined procedure for recovering phytoliths and starch residues from soils, sedimentary deposits and similar materi-als. J. Archaeol. Sci., 2005, 32, 1169–1175.
- Parr, J. F., Dolic, V., Lancaster, G. and Boyd, W. E., A microwave digestion method for the extraction of phytoliths from herbarium specimens. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol., 2001, 116, 203–212.
- Coil, J., Korstanje, M. A., Archer, S. and Hastorf, C. A., Laboratory goals and considerations for multiple microfossil extraction in arch-aeology. J. Archaeol. Sci., 2003, 30, 991–1008.
- Ravikumar, S., Surekha, R. and Thavarajah, R., Mounting media: an overview. J. Dr. NTR Univ. Health Sci., 2014, 3, 1.
- Canada balsam. Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2017; https://www. britannica.com/topic/Canada-balsam (accessed on 24 August 2022).
- Gallego, L., Distel, R. A., Camina, R. and Rodríguez-Iglesias, R. M., Soil phytoliths as evidence for species replacement in grazed rangelands of central Argentina. Ecography, 2004, 27, 725–732.
- Eksambekar, S. P. and Kajale, M. D., Microstratigraphy of an early historic refuse pit: a phytolithological approach. In Plants, People and Places: Recent Studies in Phytolithic Analysis, Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK, 2001, pp. 110–117.
- Huan, X., Lu, H., Jiang, L., Zuo, X., He, K. and Zhang, J., Spatial and temporal pattern of rice domestication during the early Holo-cene in the lower Yangtze region, China. Holocene, 2021, 31, 1366– 1375.
- www.merckmillipore.com (accessed on 25 March 2022).
- www.sigmaaldrich.com (accessed on 25 March 2022).
- Jattisha, P. I. and Sabu, M., Phytoliths as a tool for the identifica-tion of some chloridoideae grasses in Kerala. Int. Scholar. Res. Not., 2012, 246057-9.
- Naskar, M., Ghosh, R., Das, S., Paruya, D. K., Saradar, B., Yadava, M. G. and Bera, S., Grass phytoliths in surface sediments of the Sunderbans, India and their implications in reconstructing past del-taic environmental changes. Holocene, 2021, pp. 1–16.
- Kumar Das, S. et al., Organic geochemical and palaeobotanical re-construction of a late-Holocene archaeological settlement in coastal eastern India. Holocene, 2021, 31, 1511–1524.
- Piperno, D. R. and Pearsall, D. M., Phytoliths in the reproductive structures of maize and teosinte: implications for the study of maize evolution. J. Archaeol. Sci., 1993, 20, 337–362.
- Berlin, A. M., Ball, T., Thompson, R. and Herbert, S. C., Ptolemaic agriculture, ‘Syrian wheat’, and Triticum aestivum. J. Archaeol. Sci., 2003, 30, 115–121.
- Kealhofer, L. and Piperno, D. R., Early agriculture in Southeast Asia: phytolith evidence from the Bang Pakong Valley, Thailand. Antiquity, 1994, 68, 564–572.
- Zurro, D., One, two, three phytoliths: assessing the minimum phy-tolith sum for archaeological studies. Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci., 2018, 10, 1673–1691.
- Parr, J. F., Lentfer, C. J. and Boyd, W. E., A comparative analysis of wet and dry ashing techniques for the extraction of phytoliths from plant material. J. Archaeol. Sci., 2001, 28, 875–886.
- Bowdery, D., Phytolith analysis, sheep, diet and fecal material at Ambathala pastoral station (Queensland, Australia). In Plants, People and Places: Recent Studies in Phytolithic Analysis (eds Madella, M. and Zurro, D.), Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK, 2001, pp. 134–150.
- www.mayoclinic.org (accessed on 20 March 2022).
- Haynes, W. M. (ed.), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, Florida, USA, 2015, pp. 3–44.
- Parr, J. and Watson, L., Morphological characteristics observed in the leaf phytoliths of selected gymnosperms of eastern Australia. In Plants, People and Places-Recent Studies in Phytolithic Analysis (eds Madella, M. and Zurro, D.), Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK, 2007.
- Arráiz, H., Barboni, D., Ashley, G. M., Mabulla, A., Baquedano, E. and Dominguez-Rodrigo, M., The FLK Zinj paleolandscape: recon-struction of a 1.84 Ma wooded habitat in the FLK Zinj-AMK-PTK-DS archeological complex, middle bed (Olduvai Gorgi, Tanzania). Palaegeo., Paleoclimatol., Paleoecol., 2017, 488, 9–20.
- Rheims, J., Köser, J. and Wriedt, T., Refractive-index measurements in the near-IR using an Abbe refractometer. Meas. Sci. Technol., 1997, 8, 604.
- Twiss, P. C., Grass-opal phytoliths as climatic indicators of the Great Plains Pleistocene. In Quaternary Environments of Kansas (ed. Johnson, W. C.), Guidebook Series, Kansas Geological Survey, Kansas, USA, 1987, vol. 5, pp. 179–188.
- Barboni, D., Bonnefille, R., Alexandre, A. and Meunier, J. D., Phy-toliths as paleoenvironmental indicators, west side Middle Awash Valley, Ethiopia. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 1999, 152, 87–100.
- Lu, H. and Liu, K. B., Phytoliths of common grasses in the coastal environments of southeastern USA. Estuarine Coast. Shelf Sci., 2003, 58, 587–600.
- Wang, J., Jiang, L. and Sun, H., Early evidence for beer drinking in a 9000-year-old platform mound in southern China. PLoS ONE, 2021, 16.
- Larsen, M. E., Paleovegetation reconstruction from soil phytoliths of a ceremonial site complex at Maok-Skoistch on the Red Deer River, Alberta, Canada. Doctoral dissertation, University of Saskat-chewan, Canada, 2021, p. 119.
- Dayanandan, P., Kaufman, P. B. and Franklin, C. I., Detection of silica in plants. Am. J. Bot., 1983, 70, 1079–1084.
- Corso, M. D. et al., Where are the cereals? Contribution of phyto-lith analysis to the study of subsistence economy at the Trypillia site Maidanetske (ca. 3900–3650 BCE), central Ukraine. J. Arid En-viron., 2018, 157, 137–148.
- Singh, V., Phytoliths as indicators of monsoonal variability during mid–late Holocene in mainland Gujarat, western India. Curr. Sci., 2007, 92, 60–66.
- An, J., Kirleis, W., Zhao, C. and Jin, G., Understanding crop pro-cessing and its social meaning in the Xinzhai period (1850–1750 cal BCE): a case study on the Xinzhai site, China. Veg. Hist. Ar-chaeobot., 2021, 31, 261–277.
- Rovner, I., Phytolith analysis of selected soil samples from park building 48, Harpers ferry, West Virginia. In Domestic Responses to Nineteenth-Century Industrialization: An Archeology of Park Building 48 (ed. Shackel, P. A.), US Department of the Interior, National Park Service, National Capital Region, Regional Archae-ology Program, USA, 1994, 9.4.
- Rovner, I., Phytolith analysis of selected soil samples from the Puncheon Run site. In Archaeology of the Puncheon Run Site (eds LeeDecker, C. et al.), Louis Berger Group Inc., Washington DC, 2001, F1-50.
- Ghosh, R., Naskar, M. and Bera, S., Phytolith assemblages of grasses from the Sunderbans, India and their implications for the recon-struction of deltaic environments. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 2011, 311, 93–102.
- Ball, T. L., Note on preparing stained phytolith assemblages. Phy-tolith. Newsl., 1992, 7, 6–7.
- Pearsall, D. M., Chandler-Ezell, K. and Chandler-Ezell, A., Identi-fying maize in neotropical sediments and soils using cob phytoliths. J. Archaeol. Sci., 2003, 30, 611–627.
- Sanderson, J., The theory of contrast control in the microscope. Quekett J. Microsc., 2000, 38, 617–627.
- Heinrich, E. Wm., Microscopic Identification of Minerals, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1965, pp. 56–58.
- Elbaum, R., Weiner, S., Albert, R. M. and Elbaum, M., Detection of burning of plant materials in the archaeological record by changes in the refractive indices of siliceous phytoliths. J. Archaeol. Sci., 2003, 30, 217–226.
- Andersen, S. T., Silicone oil as a mounting medium for pollen grains. Danmarks Geol. Undersøgelse IV. Række, 1960, 4, 1–24.