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N. Jayaraju ¹, I. Suryakumar ², K. R. Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, S. V. University, Tirupati - 517502, IN
2 Coastal Survey and Consultancy Services, 208 KB, Lal Industrial Estate, Santa Cruz (W), Mumbai - 400 054, IN

Abstract

This paper attempts to document the dominant living foraminiferal assemblages in 30 sampling stations in Pulicat lake during the four seasons of a year. Nearly 35 living species have been identified and their relative abundance was analyzed using Q-mode factor analysis programme. In each season, six faunal assemblages at an average of 64.5% of the observed variance emerged from the analysis. Statistical studies have revealed that the most significant assemblage is characterized by Florilus labrodoricum and F. grateloupi (av. 25.1%). Foraminiferal variation throws light on water mass characters such as salinity, water depth and the bottom sediments.

Keywords

Living Foraminifera, Seasonal Variation, Pulicat Lake, Bay of Bengal, Tamil Nadu.

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K. R. Reddy ¹, R. Jagadiswara Rao ¹, M. G. Chakrapani Naidu ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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K. R. Reddy ¹, R. Jagadiswara Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, IN

Abstract

45 foraminiferal species belonging to the suborders Textulariina, Miliolina and Rotaliina, identified from 180 bottom sediment samples from the Pennar estuary in the east coast of India are reported and illustrated.

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A. N. Reddy ¹, K. R. Reddy ¹, R. Jagadiswara Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, S. V. University College, Tirupati-517 502, IN
2 Department of Geology, Sri Venkateswara University Postgraduate Extension Centre, Cuddapah-516004, IN

Abstract

The living and dead foraminiferida in the substrate samples collected from 14 Stations in the Araniar River estuary along the east coast of India from June 1978 to May 1979 have been studied quantitatively. The average salinity ranges from 23.5 to 38.5% and it is considered to be the principal controlling ecologic factor that limits the distribution and abundance of foraminiferida. The pattern of distribution of foraminiferida is also explained in terms of deposition of fluviatile sediments in the estuary. The abundance and living/dead ratios of foraminiferida tests have been compared with those recorded in the nearby Dugarazupatnam and Pennar estuaries.

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K. R. Reddy ¹, R. Jagadiswara Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, IN
2 Department of Applied Geology, Sri Venkateswara University, Cuddapah 516 004, IN

Abstract

A quantitative study has been made of the distribution of recent foraminifera in 180 samples of bottom sediments collected from 15 stations in the Pennar estuary. The diversiiy and dominance of the living and total foraminiferal assemblages have been studied by calculating diversity indices and by relating the number of species with the per cent dominance and the average number of species with the average cumulative percentage of genera.

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A. N. Reddy ¹, K. R. Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 Oil and Natural Gas Commission, Sibsagar 785640, IN
2 Department of Geology, S V University College, Tirupati 517502, IN

Abstract

Both living and dead Foraminifera were collected from 15 sampling stations in the Araniar river estuary, along the east coast of India for a period of one year. The distribution of the species has been studied with respect to time and space. Based on the Q-mode cluster analysis of the foraminifera, three major biotopes have been recognised, one of which has been subdivided into three sub-biotopes, based on the change in the level of correlation.

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N. Jayaraju ¹, I. Suryakumar ¹, K. R. Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Geology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati - 517 502, IN

Abstract

Total (Dead + live) forarminiferal species have been studied for four seasons viz, pre monsoon (July-Sept), monsoon (Oct-Dec), post monsoon (Jan-Mar) and summer (April-June) in relation to ecological variables of Pulicat-Lake. Total population ranges from 298 to 1480/100 gms of sediment with an average of 615 per sample. Living crop ranges from 20 to 240/100 gms with an average of 86 per sample for the whole lake. The lowest L/D ratio (43%) was noticed at station 19 in monsoon and the highest (54 7%) was recorded at station 29 in pre monsoon. There IS no much significant difference in variability for all the four seasons with Co-Efficient of variation (CV) ranging from 41 to 46% Out of 50 species recorded, only 35 had living representatives, while the rest occurred as dead. The prominent stained (live) species in the decreasing importance are Ammonia beccan, A tepida, Elphidiurn hispidulum, Quinqueloculina agglutinans, Elphidium excavatum, Quinqueloculina hadav, Q oblonga and Elphidium milletti.

The coefficient correlation values for dissolved oxygen versus living fauna in monsoon (g = 0 33) and in summer (g=-0 26) are slightly below the significance level (g=O 36) at 95% confidence level. A high positive correlation and a high inverse relationship have been demonstrated between salinity and microbiota in monsoon and summer respectively. With the increase in organic matter fauna decreased in diversity and abundance in both the seasons. It may be concluded that in the Pulicat Lake as a whole, the environmental conditions are moderately favorable for the growth and survival of benthic foraminifera.

Keywords

Recent Forarminifera, Lake Environment, Ecology, Diversity And Density, Pulicat Lake.

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S. K. Ray ¹, T. Bhattacharyya ¹, K. R. Reddy ², D. K. Pal ³, P. Chandran ¹, P. Tiwary ¹, D. K. Mandal ¹, C. Mandal ¹, J. Prasad ¹, D. Sarkar ¹, M. V. Venugopalan ⁴, K. Velmourougane ⁴, G. S. Sidhu ⁵, K. M. Nair ⁶, A. K. Sahoo ⁷, T. H. Das ⁷, R. S. Singh ⁸, R. Srivastava ¹, T. K. Sen ¹, S. Chatterji ¹, N. G. Patil ¹, G. P. Obireddy ¹, S. K. Mahapatra ⁵, K. S. Anil Kumar ⁶, K. Das ⁷, S. K. Reza ⁹, D. Dutta ⁹, S. Srinivas ⁶, K. Karthikeyan ¹, A. Srivastava ¹⁰, M. Raychaudhuri ¹¹, D. K. Kundu ¹¹, V. T. Dongare ¹, D. Balbuddhe ¹, N. G. Bansod ¹, K. Wadhai ¹, M. Lokhande ¹, A. Kolhe ¹, H. Kuchankar ¹, S. L. Durge ¹, G. K. Kamble ¹, M. S. Gaikwad ¹, A. M. Nimkar ¹, S. V. Bobade ¹, S. G. Anantwar ¹, S. Patil ¹, V. T. Sahu ¹, S. Sheikh ¹, D. Dasgupta ¹, B. A. Telpande ¹, A. M. Nimje ¹, C. Likhar ¹, S. Thakre ¹, K. G. Mandal ¹⁰, G. Kar ¹⁰, K. M. Gaikwad ¹, H. Bhondwe ¹, S. S. Dohtre ¹, S. Gharami ¹, S. G. Khapekar ¹, A. Koyal ⁴, Sujatha ⁴, B. M. N. Reddy ⁴, P. Sreekumar ⁴, D. P. Dutta ⁷, L. Gogoi ⁷, V. N. Parhad ¹, A. S. Halder ⁵, R. Basu ⁵, R. Singh ⁶, B. L. Jat ⁶, D. L. Oad ⁶, N. R. Ola ⁶, A. Hukare ¹, J. Khuspure ¹, B. P. Sunitha ⁴, B. Mohanty ³, D. Hazarika ⁷, S. Majumdar ⁵, R. S. Garhwal ⁶, A. Sahu ⁸, S. Mahapatra ¹¹, S. Puspamitra ¹¹, A. Kumar ⁹, N. Gautam ¹

Affiliations
1 Regional Centre, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur 440 033, IN
2 Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, US
3 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru 502 324, IN
4 Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur 440 010, IN
5 Regional Centre, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, New Delhi 110 012, IN
6 Regional Centre, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Bangalore 560 024, IN
7 Regional Centre, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Kolkata 700 091, IN
8 Regional Centre, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Udaipur 313 001, IN
9 Regional Centre, National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Jorhat 785 004, IN
10 National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau 275 101, IN
11 Directorate of Water Management, Bhubaneswar 751 023, IN

Abstract

Sustaining soil and land quality under intensive land use and fast economic development is a major challenge for improving crop productivity in the developing world. Assessment of soil and land quality indicators is necessary to evaluate the degradation status and changing trends of different land use and management interventions. During the last four decades, the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) which covers an area of about 52.01 m ha has been the major food producing region of the country. However at present, the yield of crops in IGP has stagnated; one of the major reasons being deterioration of soil and land quality. The present article deals with the estimation of soil and land quality indicators of IGP, so that, proper soil and land management measures can be taken up to restore and improve the soil health. Use of principal component analysis is detailed to derive the minimum dataset or indicators for soil quality. The article also describes spatial distribution of soil and land quality with respect to major crops of IGP.

Keywords

Land Quality Index, Principal Component Analysis, Soil Quality and Health.

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