Informatics Publishing Limited

Gene Drekeke Iyovo ¹, Guocheng Du ¹, Jian Chen ¹

Affiliations
1 Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, CN

Abstract

In this study we developed and tested a sustainable system that produces high-yield outputs of biomethane, biofertilizer and biodiesel. These were achieved by blending of poultry manure (PM), paper pulp and algae waste sludge in co-digestion producing biomethane, digestate filtrated semi-solid and aqueous, the former as biofertilizer and latter used in algal cultivation to enhance algal biomass for biodiesel production. The varied blending of the substrates resulted in carbon/nitrogen ratios (C/N) of 26, 30, 31, 34 and 37 which were assessed for biomethane. C/N 26 resulted in 1045 mL/L/d (74% biomethane content) which was highest yield comparing to other C/N, C/N 30 achieved in similar (1010 mL/L/d) making the C/N range for optimum biomethane for these substrates ranging between C/N 26 to 30. Pretreatments of the digestate improve the yields of biomethane in C/N 26 and 30 significantly. We assessed all the digestates from each of the C/N 26, 30, 31, 34 and 37 based on nitrogen mineralization and found C/N 26 to 31 as being nutrients-rich. Digestate in algal supplemental indicated glucose depletion linearly depleting, lowest with the nutrients-rich that is C/N 26 to 30. As expected, digestates from C/N 34 and 37 in single-addition failed to yield comparable algal yields then yields from C/N 26, 30 and 31 digestates at 120 h that achieved dry cell weight (DCW) of 7.72, 7.8 and 7.12 g/L respectively. To improve alga biomass yield and enhance cellular lipid content and its final yield, we investigated two-stage supplemental feeding strategy using digestates from C/N 26 and 30. Based on cultivation 'without' digestate that showed growth phases, we added digestate at lag-exponential (0-120 h) and stationary (120- 180 h) phases. The supplemental feeding resulted in rapid glucose depletion achieving 9 g/L at 120 and reaching lipid yield 3.77 g/L after 180 h. Conclusively, a circular system using the biowastes discussed or similar in nature can develop and constitute a self-supporting sustainable system opportunities.

Keywords

Poultry Manure, Biomethane, Biogas, Biofertilizer, Chlorella Vulgaris, Biodiesel

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Jian Chen ¹, Yan Li ¹, Wei-Guang Zuo ¹

Affiliations
1 North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou Henan-450045, CN

Abstract

Using mathematical model tool in this paper, numerical Flow Model is established according to the actual situation of the Inner Mongolia reach of the Yellow River [1-6]. The model verification and calculated results of tributaries inflow show that it can truly reflect flow regime of tributaries flow into the Inner Mongolia reach, and variation among related hydraulic elements. The model can be regarded as one of the research methods of the river planning and construction. Large discharges from tributary in the Inner Mongolia can change main-stream flow regime and water-level obviously. Flow direction Changes, water on the floodplain, backwater is the direct result, which should be paid high attention in the regional flood control planning and river regulation.

Keywords

MIKE21, Mathematical Model, Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River, Water Movement.

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