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Santhoshkumar, J.
- Herbal Formulation Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and its Antifungal Activity Against Candida albicans
Authors
1 Undergraduate Student, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Researcher, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 3454-3458Abstract
Background: Candida albicans is known to cause a variety of diseases like oral candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis, invasive candidiasis etc. Although there are anti-fungal drugs in use for the treatment of these diseases, alternative medicine is required for their prophylaxis and improved prognosis. For this purpose, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) can be used as antifungal agents. They are already in use as anti-microbial and anti-fungal agents in agriculture and can potentially be used as targeted drugs for the human body. The aim of this research is to study the anti-fungal efficacy of silver nanoparticles synthesised using a herbal formulation of Androgrophis paniculata and Moringa olifera against Candida albicans.
Materials and Method: Herbal formulation was created using the leaves of Androgrophis paniculata and Moringa olifera. Silver nitrate solution was added to this and the solution was transferred to an orbital shaker for silver nanoparticle preparation. The powder of Ag-NPs was created. The bioreduction of pure AgNO3 was characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy. Candida albicans was isolated using serial dilution method and a fresh fungal suspension was dispersed on Rose Bengal agar. Both disc diffusion and agar well diffusion methods were used. Different concentrations of Ag-NPs (50, 100 and 150 microliter) were incorporated into the wells, discs, and plates and these were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The antifungal agents were used as positive control. Zone of inhibition was recorded in each plate. Proper documentation methods were used.
Results: Colour change was seen after the preparation of silver nanoparticles. The peak in UV-vis spectroscopy was seen to be at 400 nm. The zone of inhibition was seen to increase with an increase in the concentration of Ag-NPs in the agar wells. The plate dispersed with the highest concentration of Ag-NPs had the lowest cultural population.
Conclusion: The herbal synthesis of Ag-NPs is highly eco-friendly and should be practised more than chemical synthesis of the same. The antifungal activity of Ag-NPs was comparably effective to the control used and in the future they can be administered as an antifungal drug for the prophylaxis and treatment of various types of Candidiasis.
Keywords
Antifungal, Silver Nanoparticles, Candida albicans, Androgrophis paniculata, Moringa olifera.
- Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated Aloe vera with Neem Against Dental Pathogens
Authors
1 Undergraduate Student, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Researcher, Department of Biotechnology, School of biosciences and technology, VIT, Vellore - 632014, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 3469-3473Abstract
Background: When left unchecked, dental pathogens cause chronic diseases like periodontitis and dental caries that lead to the irreversible loss of tooth structure. However, with proper prophylactic measures, we can inhibit the excessive proliferation of pathogenic oral flora. The aim of this study was to examine the plausible antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized using neem and Aloe vera against four dental pathogens - Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus and the Enterococcus and Pseudomonas species.
Materials and Method: Leaves of Azadirachta indica and Aloe vera were made into a filtered herbal formulation. A metallic solution of silver nitrate was added to it and the conjunction was kept in an orbital shaker for the synthesis of nanoparticles. After centrifugation, the resultant pellet was powdered. The agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial efficacy of Ag-NPs. Fresh bacterial suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, the Enterococcus and the Pseudomonas species were dispersed on the surface of Muller-Hinton agar containing plates. Ag-NP concentrations of (25, 50 & 100) μl were incorporated into the wells and the plates were then incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Antibiotics were used as a positive control. The zone of inhibition was recorded for each plate
Results: A colour change was observed after the synthesis of Ag-NPs. The prepared particles were then characterised by a peak seen at 425 nm in UV-vis-spectroscopy. The zone of inhibition increased in size with an increase in Ag-NP concentration. They increased in the order of: Staphylococcus aureus, the Enterococcus species, Streptococcus mutans and the Pseudomonas species - with Staphylococcus aureus being the smallest and the Pseudomonas species being the largest.
Conclusion: Ag-NPs synthesized using neem and Aloe vera is an effective antibacterial agent against Streptococcus mutans and the Pseudomonas species. It is eco-friendly, rapid, easy to synthesize and effective. These Ag-NPs are a non-toxic solution for multiple-drug resistant bacteria.
Keywords
Silver Nanoparticles, Neem, Aloe vera, Antibacterial, Dental Pathogens.- In vitro Cytotoxic Effects of Copper Nanoparticles Synthesized from Avocado Seed Extract
Authors
1 Undergraduate Student, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Researcher, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 3497-3500Abstract
Background: The present work mainly deals with the study pertaining to the synthesis, characterization and evaluation of copper nanoparticles using avocado. The copper nanoparticles were synthesized by using a rapid, single step and completely green synthesis method.
Materials and Method: The synthesized copper nanoparticles were characterized by using various instrumental techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope). The synthesized copper nanoparticles were found to be spherical in shape with average diameter of 35.6 nm. The synthesized nanoparticle solution is primarily characterized by using UV-vis-spectroscopy, 3mL of the solution is taken in cuvette and scanned in double beam UV-vis spectrophotometer from 300 nm to 700 nm wavelength.
Results: In the UV-vis spectrum, a single, strong and broad surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak was observed at 420 nm that confirmed the synthesis of AgNPs. Transmission electron microscope result showed 2-6 nm difference.
Conclusion: The present study shows that aqueous seeds extract of Avocado can be used efficiently for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles at room temperature. The synthesized copper nanoparticles were found to be stable at room temperature. The green synthesized method is convenient, eco-friendly and can be applied in various applications and the use of Avocado has added advantages that the plant has many medicinal properties.
Keywords
Green Synthesis, Nano-Medicine, Avocado, Cytotoxicity.- Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity of Bacteria Mediated Silver Nanoparticles using Rhizobium sp
Authors
1 Nanotherapy Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, IN
2 Assistant Professor, Departmant of Chemistry, Global Institute of Engineering and Technology, Vellore, TN, IN
3 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Chemistry, IFET College of Engineering, Villupuram, TN, IN
4 Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai, TN, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 3622-3627Abstract
Background: The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a significant range of application in the field of biomedical technology. This can be subjected in agriculture by biological synthesis method using microbes which may inhibit disease-causing pathogens in agriculture, typically it confused on management of pathogens.
Materials and Method: In this present investigation, Rhizobium sp. was isolated from cultivable soil sample for the synthesis of AgNPs. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UVVisible spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy shows regular circular shape of AgNPs followed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometers confirms the presences of elemental composition of materials. Transmission electron microscopy was done for the structural analysis and the surface study of synthesized AgNPs was studies by Atomic forced microscopy.
Results: The surface plasmon resonances at 425 nm confirm the AgNPs formation and morphology of the nanoparticles are polydispersed with 25-70 nm in size confirmed by the microscopic techniques. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were examined against disease-causing fungal pathogens such as Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus fumigatus in which Candida Albicans showed a maximum zone of inhibition of 15 mm at 75 μL of AgNPs.
Conclusion: Finally, the silver nanoparticles were used to perform free radicals scavenging activity.
Keywords
Antifungal Activity, Antioxidant Activity, Biosynthesis, Rhizobium sp, Silver Nanoparticles.- Anticariogenic Activity of Fresh Aloe vera Gel Mediated Copper Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors
1 Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Researcher, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Researcher, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 3664-3667Abstract
Background: Biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles for its medical applications has become a major focus in nanotechnology in the recent years. Aloe vera has a wide spectrum of medicinal applications due to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer and wound healing properties. Copper oxide nanoparticles have effective antimicrobial action against a wide range of pathogens and also dug resistant bacteria.
Materials and Method: In the present study, Aloe vera gel is used to synthesize copper oxide nanoparticles and were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry and FT-IR. The anticariogenic activity of oral pathogens namely, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas sp, were also tested.
Results: UV absorption spectra of the synthesized nanoparticles revealed an intense surface plasmon resonance between 250 and 300. The functional groups in the copper oxide nanoparticles were determined by FT-IR and these also shown to have potent anticariogenic activity.
Conclusion: Copper oxide nanoparticles synthesized using Aloe vera gel shown to have an excellent anticariogenic activity and has a wide array of dental applications.