Informatics Publishing Limited

Debi Sharma ¹, P. N. Krishna Moorthy ², A. Krishnamoorthy ²

Affiliations
1 Division of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake P.O., Bangalore -560089, IN
2 Division of Entomology and Nematology, IIHR, Bangalore-89, IN

Abstract

Pesticide residue persistence pattern in three vegetable crops, viz., tomato, cabbage and cauliflower, cultivated following previously developed pesticide residue-free IPM packages, was compared with a crop cultivated under conventional or non - IPM conditions. It was observed that vegetables grown as per IPM practices were safer to consume at harvest compared to those grown as per conventional cultivation practices, with chemical control as the sole means of plant protection. Pesticide residues, if present, were mostly in trace amounts (< 0.01 ppm) in vegetables grown as per IPM practices, except the residues of methomyl and monocrotophos in cabbage, where slightly higher levels of pesticides were observed.

Keywords

Cabbage, Cauliflower, IPM, Pesticide Residues, Tomato, Vegetables.

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Debi Sharma ¹, A. Krishnamoorthy ², P. N. Krishna Moorthy ², Girija Ganesan ³, A. K. Ahuja ¹, M. D. Awasthi ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore-560089, IN
2 Division of Entomology and Nematology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore-560089, IN
3 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore-560089, IN

Abstract

An IPM module with safe pesticide residues on cabbage, with already proven treatments such as carbosulfan, dimethoate, cypermethrin + profenofos and mancozeb under chemical method of control; NSP, Bacillus thuringiensis and Trichogramma bactrae under non chemical method of control were revalidated individually and in combination. Six releases of parasitoid T. bactrae at weekly intervals starting from 12 days after transplanting or spray of NSP 4% at 10-15 days interval, 4 times, starting from 20 days after transplanting, foliar spray of dimethoate and mancozeb gave good control of aphids, leaf blight and black rot respectively. Based on the effectiveness of the treatment and pesticide residues below their permissible levels in cabbage at harvest, a module was developed and tested in the field. The IPM package thus developed was found to control the pests effectively and at the same time the residues on the crop were within the safe limits.

Keywords

Cabbage, Biological Control, IPM, Pesticide Residues.

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Kundan Kishore ¹, Deepa Samant ¹, H. S. Singh ¹, Debi Sharma ²

Affiliations
1 Central Horticultural Experiment Station (ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research), Aiginia, Bhubaneswar 751 019, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessarghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru 560 089, IN

Abstract

Mango is the most important fruit crop of India in terms of acreage, genetic diversity, consumers’ preference and market potential. In spite of the adoption of scientific production technology, productivity of mango is still less than 7.5 t/ha, which may be due to low-density plantation, irregularity in bearing and poor orchard management. Hence, there is ample scope to increase mango productivity by adopting a high-density planting system (HDPS), optimizing plant canopy architecture and ensuring regularity in bearing. Under HDPS, plant density may be increased by 4–16 times compared to the conventional planting system (100 plants/ha), which provides an opportunity for increasing productivity provided canopy regulation and regularity in flowering are ensured.

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