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M. Teuma Mbezi ¹, H. P. Ekobena Fouda ¹, Ambang Zachee ², C. B. Tabi ¹, T. C. Kofane ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, CM
2 Department of Biology and Vegetal Physiology, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, CM

Abstract

Objective: To propose a method of electric detection of a biotic stress before the visible apparition of the symptoms on the plant leaflets. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: By using Cole’s model of cell, we study the behavior of extra-cellular space resistance according to time of four groups of tomato leaflets and make comparison of those different behaviors. Findings: It appears from our analysis that the maxima of resistances leaflets which are infected by mildew and not treated increases gradually and tends to infinity. The infected plants (sick) and treated with the ridomil MC have a relatively low electric resistance level compared to that obtained in the infected and untreated plants. Whether the plants are infected, infected and treated, or healthy and treated; the maxima of resistances were higher than those in pilot plants (untreated and uninfected). The data shows that the disease destroys continuously the physiological state of the plant until death, which corresponds to the higher values of the extra-cellular space resistance peak; the fighting of fungicide against the disease within the plant organism has an impact on the physiological state of the plant which is revealed by the decrease of the extra-cellular space resistance peak. Application/ Improvements: The objective being to contribute in obtaining a bank of numerical resistance values allowing improving the symptomatic methods of detection of the sick plants by the seeing and by the chemical analyses.

Keywords

Electrical Resistance, Fungicide, Mildew, Physiological State, Ridomil M.C. Cole’s Model of Cell, Tomato

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M. Teuma Mbezi ¹, H. P. Ekobena Fouda ¹, C. B. Tabi ¹, T. C. Kofané ²

Affiliations
1 Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of YaoundeI, P. O. Box 812, Yaounde, CM
2 Laboratoryof Mechanics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundel, P. O. Box 812, Yaounde, CM

Abstract

Objective: Our purpose is to propose a new method for studying the electrical activity of chlorophyll pigment solution. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The technic and method employed consisted of modeling the chlorophyll as an electrical circuit, which made up of two parallel branches; where R represents the extra chlorophyll space resistance, R’ the intra chlorophyll space resistance and C the chlorophyll capacitance. Then at low frequency, measure R according to the variation of light intensity. Chlorophyll fluorescence is generally used to study chlorophyll pigment solution; but it does not directly show us the electrical activity that occurs as the proposed method. Findings: Our study has shown that electric behavior of synthetic solution of pigment depends of the solution concentration. There is a consensus between the behavior of synthetic chlorophyll and the existing behavior of natural pigments for some concentrations; for example, for 5.1 g/L and 10.2 g/L the extra-chlorophyll resistance of the synthetic pigments, just like that of the natural pigments, decreases according to the intensity of light until it reaches a certain threshold. On the other hand, for concentrations of 4.25 g/L and 2.55 g/L we observe a different electric behavior. Moreover, it is noted that for concentrations reproducing the same electric behavior as for the natural pigments, the decrease of extra chlorophyll resistance is all the more marked that the concentration is high. These results are helpful because we can directly have the electrical behavior of chlorophyll than fluorescence, where we need first to determine parameters like: primary fluorescence (F0), maximal fluorescence (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fv), the photochemical quantic yield (ΦPSII ) of the photosystem II and the assimilation quantic yield of CO2 (ΦCO₂) before having an information about the electrical behavior of chlorophyll. Application/Improvements: This method of study can be applied in phototherapy about drugs made from chlorophyll to avoid side effects of chlorophyll solution.

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M. Teuma Mbezi ¹, Ambang Zachee ², C. B. Tabi ¹, H. Ekobena Fouda ¹, T. C. Kofane ³

Affiliations
1 Laboratory of Biophysics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of YaoundeI, Yaounde, CM
2 Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Biology and Vegetal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, CM
3 Laboratory of Mechanics, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, CM

Abstract

Objective: Our purpose is to study the stochastic electrical behavior of Splina liquid chlorophyll by using the T. E.-model and to compare it with the natural one. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The technic and method employed consisted of modeling the chlorophyll as an electrical circuit, to make a statistical analysis of the extra chlorophyll space resistance process of Splina solution in light and in darkness by evaluating, the statistical average and statistical autocorrelation function, and make a temporal analysis by evaluating, the temporal average and temporal autocorrelation function. Findings: It comes out from our study that, for a suitable lighting angle, and repartition of Splina solution component, after adding of purified water, RO-EDI (Reverse Osomosis-Electrode Ionization) water and sodium copper chlorophyll in to the natural chlorophyll, the electric behavior of Splina chlorophyll solution is like the natural one. For the three different disposition of liquid chlorophyll glass, the Spectral Density of Power (DSP) of the extra-chlorophyll space resistance process R(ω,t) when the splina solution is under light is up to the DSP of the signal when the splina solution is under darkness for the whole value of the reduced normalized frequency; the process is non-statistics in the broad sense (SSL) and non ergotic. The resemblance of the flow charge with him for different value of the shift parameter is high in light than in darkness. Application/Improvements: This study provided an additional tool to verify if after the addition of new substances, that the photoelectric, statistical and temporal behavior of the resulting product is identical to that of the initial natural one.

Keywords

Stochastic Process, Statistics in the Broad Sense (SSL), Ergotic, Chlorophyll, Splina, Spectral Density of Power (DSP)

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M. Teuma Mbezi ¹, Ambang Zachée ¹, C. B. Tabi ¹, H. Ekobena Fouda ¹, T. C. Kofane ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
2 Department of Physics, Laboratory of Mechanics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon

Abstract

Objective: To Study the photo-electric behavior of Spinacea pleracea by using the T.E-model of chlorophyll pigment. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The technic and method employed consisted on modeling the chlorophyll as an electrical circuit, to make a statistical analysis of electric conductance process of S. pleracea in light and in darkness by evaluating, the statistical average and statistical autocorrelation function, and make a temporal analysis by evaluating, the temporal average and temporal autocorrelation function. Finding: The electric conductance of Spinacea pleracea leaf plant increases when one passes from darkness to light; the spectral density of power (DSP) of the electric conductance process G(ω,t) under darkness is up to the DSP of the signal when S. pleracea is under light for the whole value of the reduced normalized frequency; the process is non-statistics in the broad sense (SSL) and non ergotic. The resemblance of the flow charge evaluated by autocorrelation functions for different values of the shift parameter is higher in light than in darkness. Application/Improvements: This study provided an additional tool to have an idea about the state of reactional center of photosystem II, knowing that the fluorescence emission testifies the loss of energy during the transfer of excitation to the reactional centers. In the same way, the electric conductance testifies the transfer of electrons released from the special chlorophyll ‘a’ of the reactional center to the photosynthetic channel.

Keywords

Chlorophyll, Ergotic, Spectral Density of Power (DSP), Spinacea pleracea, Statistics in the Broad Sense (SSL)

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