Informatics Publishing Limited

H. K. Kalita ¹, B. Talukdar ¹, R. A. Baishya ¹, S. Basumatary ¹, J. Das ², A. Dutta ¹, R. Ch. Barman ³, D. Sarma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, IN
2 Department of Zoology, Goalpara College, Goalpara, Assam, IN
3 NFDB Regional Centre, Campus of NIRD, NERC, Khanapara, Guwahati, IN

Abstract

The study was conducted in a society pond of Gandhibasti village of Abhayapuri, Bongaigaon, Assam to assess the impact of duck droppings on water quality and pond productivity. The pond was integrated with ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) to obtain the benefit of duck litters on the pond productivity and fish growth. The mean dry weight of 80 ducks excreta was estimated as 3.864 kg/ha/day, discharging into the pond. 18,000 fingerlings. Indian major carps along with few exotic carp were stocked in the month of April, 2013. Supplementary feed was also given to the fishes in alternate days to ensure their steady growth. All the studied physico-chemical parameters were found within the permissible limit and the growth of fishes was also satisfactory. The maximum growth was recorded in Catla followed by silver carp, common carp, Rohu and Mrigala.

Keywords

Duck Dropping, Pond Productivity, Indian Major Carps, Integrated Farming.

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D. Kalita ¹, S. Deka ², R. Sarma ³, E. S. Rasul ², B. Talukdar ², N. K. Hazarika ⁴

Affiliations
1 FAAMC, Barpeta-01, IN
2 FAAMC, IN
3 Dept. of Biotechnology, Research Project No HC 201, GMC, IN
4 Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, IN

Abstract

Community-acquired Urinary Tract Infection (CA-UTI) is a very common condition and often treated by empirical antibiotic therapy. This has led to the problem of drug resistance in the community pathogens. As information on profile and antibiotic resistance, especially from rural areas is very hard to come by, this study was carried out on adult CA-UTI subjects presenting in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital of lower Assam. Outdoor patients were included and urine samples were tested by standard microbiological methods. Isolated organisms were processed for antibiotic susceptibility and MIC (selected cases). Out of 1436 samples 27.1% was found to have significant bacteriuria by single agents with more infection in female than in male. E coli was the predominant agent (62.2%) followed by Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS) at 11.8%, Klebsiella (11.3%) and Entercocci (6.3%). High prevalence of drug resistance amongst the isolates was observed, especially against common agent of empirical treatments like Ciprofloxacin, Amoxycalv etc. MIC level of Ciprofloxacin in E coli seemed to be rising and in few cases, level has reached beyond 32mcg/ml. This is alarming for a community pathogen from a rural area. Urgent necessity for an evidence based antibiotic policy cannot be ruled out.

Keywords

Urinary Tract Infection, UTI, Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection, Antibiotic Misuse, Drug Resistance, Multi Drug Resistance, Fluroquinolone Resistance, Ciprofloxacin Resistant E Coli, CA-UTI, MIC, E-Test.

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