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- Anil Bhardwaj
- S. V. Mohankumar
- Tirtha Pratim Das
- P. Pradeepkumar
- P. Sreelatha
- Amarnath Nandi
- Dinakar Prasad Vajja
- M. B. Dhanya
- Neha Naik
- G. Supriya
- R. Satheesh Thampi
- G. Padma Padmanabhan
- Vipin K. Yadav
- A. V. Aliyas
- Smitha V. Thampi
- J. K. Abhishek
- Md. Nazeer
- P. T. Lali
- Rosmy John
- Vijay Kumar Sen
- M. Ramprabhu
- A. Ajay Krishna
- K. S. Lakshmi
- M. Ram Prabhu
- Rishi Padmanabhan
- Ullekh Pandey
- M. Manirajan
- P. Anoop
- T. Sivamurugan
- M. J. Chacko
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Sundar, B.
- MENCA experiment aboard India’s Mars Orbiter Mission
Abstract Views :205 |
PDF Views:81
Authors
Anil Bhardwaj
1,
S. V. Mohankumar
1,
Tirtha Pratim Das
1,
P. Pradeepkumar
1,
P. Sreelatha
1,
B. Sundar
1,
Amarnath Nandi
1,
Dinakar Prasad Vajja
1,
M. B. Dhanya
1,
Neha Naik
1,
G. Supriya
1,
R. Satheesh Thampi
1,
G. Padma Padmanabhan
1,
Vipin K. Yadav
1,
A. V. Aliyas
1
Affiliations
1 Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
1 Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 6 (2015), Pagination: 1106-1113Abstract
The Mars Exospheric Neutral Composition Analyser (MENCA) aboard the Indian Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) is a quadrupole mass spectrometer-based experiment. Making use of the highly elliptical and low inclination (~150°) orbit of MOM, MENCA will conduct in situ measurements of the composition and radial distribution of the Martian neutral exosphere in the 1–300 amu mass range in the equatorial and low latitudes of Mars. The functionality of MENCA has been tested during the Earth-bound and heliocentric phases of MOM before its operation in the Martian orbit. This article describes the scientific objectives, instrument details, design and development, test and evaluation, and calibration of the MENCA instrument.Keywords
Exosphere, Mars Orbiter, mass spectrometer, thermal escape.References
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- Sridharan, R., Ahmed, S. M., Das, T. P., Sreelatha, P., Pradeepkumar, P., Naik, N. and Supriya, G., Direct evidence of water (H2O) in the sunlit lunar ambience from CHACE on MIP of Chandrayaan-1. Planet. Space Sci., 2010, 58, 947–950.
- Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M. and Bhardwaj, Anil, Indicators forlocalized regions of heavier species in the lunar surface fromCHACE on Chandrayaan-1. Curr. Sci., 2013, 105(11), 1470–1472.
- Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M., Supriya, Gogulapati, Bhardwaj, Anil and Kamalakar, J. A., Spatial heterogeneity in the radiogenicactivity of the lunar interior: inferences from CHACE andLLRI on Chandrayaan-1. Adv. Space Res., 2013, 51, 168–178.
- Thampi, S. V., Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M., Kamalakar, J. A. and Bhardwaj, Anil, The spatial distribution of molecular hydrogenin the lunar atmosphere – new results. Planet. Space Sci., 2015, 106, 142–147; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2014.12.018
- Mars Orbiter Mission environmental level specifications, ISROISAC-MOM-PR-2063. ISRO internal document with restricted access, December 2012.
- Chandra’s Atmospheric Composition Explorer-2 Onboard Chandrayaan-2 to Study the Lunar Neutral Exosphere
Abstract Views :253 |
PDF Views:73
Authors
Tirtha Pratim Das
1,
Smitha V. Thampi
2,
M. B. Dhanya
2,
Neha Naik
2,
P. Sreelatha
2,
P. Pradeepkumar
2,
G. Padma Padmanabhan
2,
B. Sundar
2,
Dinakar Prasad Vajja
2,
Amarnath Nandi
2,
R. Satheesh Thampi
2,
Vipin K. Yadav
2,
J. K. Abhishek
2,
Md. Nazeer
2,
P. T. Lali
2,
Rosmy John
2,
A. V. Aliyas
2,
Vijay Kumar Sen
2,
M. Ramprabhu
2,
A. Ajay Krishna
2
Affiliations
1 Directorate of Technology Development and Innovation, Department of Space, ISRO Headquarters, Antariksh Bhavan, New BEL Road, Bengaluru 560 094, IN
2 Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
1 Directorate of Technology Development and Innovation, Department of Space, ISRO Headquarters, Antariksh Bhavan, New BEL Road, Bengaluru 560 094, IN
2 Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 2 (2020), Pagination: 202-209Abstract
The CHandra’s Atmospheric Composition Explorer-2 (CHACE-2) experiment aboard Chandrayaan-2 orbiter will study in situ, the composition of the lunar neutral exosphere in the mass range 1–300 amu with mass resolution of 0.5 amu. It will address the spatial and temporal variations of the lunar exosphere, and examine water vapour as well as heavier species in it. In this article, results of the major characterization and calibration experiments of CHACE-2 are presented, with an outline of the qualification tests for both the payload and ground segment.Keywords
CHACE-2, Chandrayaan-2, Exosphere, Mass Spectrometer.References
- Stern, S. A., The lunar atmosphere: history, status, current problems, and context. Rev. Geophys., 1999, 37, 453–491.
- Hoffman, J. H., Hodges Jr, R. R., Johnson, F. S. and Evans, D. E., Lunar atmospheric composition: results from Apollo 17. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference Proceedings, 1973, vol. 4, p. 2875.
- Sridharan, R., Ahmed, S. M., Das, T. P., Sreelatha, P., Pradeepkumar, P., Naik, N. and Supriya, G., The sunlit lunar atmosphere: a comprehensive study by CHACE on the moon impact probe of Chandrayaan-1. Planet. Space Sci., 2010, 58, 1567–1577.
- Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M. and Bhardwaj, A., Indicators for localized regions of heavier species in the lunar surface from CHACE on Chandrayaan-1. Curr. Sci., 2013, 105(11), 1470– 1472.
- Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M., Supriya, G., Bhardwaj, A. and Kamalakar, J. A., Spatial heterogeneity in the radiogenic activity of the lunar interior: Inferences from CHACE and LLRI on Chandrayaan-1. Adv. Space Res., 2013, 51, 168–178.
- Thampi, S. V., Sridharan, R., Das, T. P., Ahmed, S. M., Kamalakar, J. A. and Bhardwaj, A., The spatial distribution of molecular hydrogen in the lunar atmosphere – new results. Planet. Space Sci., 2015, 106, 142–147.
- Tirtha Pratim Das, Thampi, S. V., Bhardwaj, A., Ahmed, S. M. and Sridharan, R., Observation of Ne at mid and high latitudes in the sunlit lunar exosphere: results from CHACE aboard MIP/ Chandrayaan-1. Icarus, 2016, 272, 206–211.
- Tirtha Pratim Das, Smitha V. Thampi, Dhanya, M. B., Anil Bhardwaj, Ahmed, S. M. and Sridharan, R., Upper limit of helium-4 in the sunlit lunar exosphere during magnetotail passage under low solar wind condition: result from CHACE aboard MIP in Chandrayaan-1. Icarus, 2017, 297, 189–194.
- Colaprete, A. et al., Detection of water in the LCROSS ejecta plume. Science, 2010, 330(6003), 463–468.
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- Sridharan, R., Ahmed, S. M., Das, T. P., Sreelatha, P., Pradeepkumar, P., Naik, N. and Supriya, G., ‘Direct’ evidence for water (H2O) in the sunlit lunar ambience from CHACE on MIP of Chandrayaan I. Planet. Space Sci., 2010, 58, 947–950.
- Pieters, C. M. et al., Character and spatial distribution of OH/H2O on the surface of the moon seen by M3 on Chandrayaan-1. Science, 2009, 326, 568.
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- Bhardwaj, A. et al., MENCA experiment aboard India’s mars orbiter mission. Curr. Sci., 2015, 109(6), 1106–1113; doi:10.18520/v109/i6/1106-1113.
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- Aerothermal Design of Crew Escape System
Abstract Views :156 |
PDF Views:67
Authors
K. S. Lakshmi
1,
M. Ram Prabhu
1,
Rishi Padmanabhan
1,
Ullekh Pandey
1,
M. Manirajan
2,
P. Anoop
1,
T. Sivamurugan
3,
B. Sundar
1,
M. J. Chacko
4
Affiliations
1 Aeronautics Entity, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
2 Space Transportation System, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
3 Human Space Technology Group, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
4 Formerly GD, Aeronautics Entity, IN
1 Aeronautics Entity, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
2 Space Transportation System, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
3 Human Space Technology Group, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, ISRO, Thiruvananthapuram 695 022, IN
4 Formerly GD, Aeronautics Entity, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 120, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 110-115Abstract
Crew safety holds highest priority in manned space missions. Crew Escape System (CES) intends to rescue the Crew Module (CM) which accommodates crew members in case of emergency abort situations. Pad Abort Test (PAT) demonstrates the functioning of CES during abort scenarios at the launch pad. CES pulls away CM from the launch pad using specially designed, quick-acting solid Escape Motors. CES-PAT vehicle is engulfed in hot exhaust plumes of these motors during its ascent, exposing the vehicle surfaces to severe thermal environments. Hence estimation of aerothermal heating levels and Thermal Protection System (TPS) design for CES-PAT vehicle structures are mission-critical. Thermal management of avionic packages housed inside CM is to be ensured for its safe functioning. This article highlights the different aerothermal environments experienced during CESPAT mission, design approaches adopted for estimating heating levels, TPS design and thermal management of avionic systems. Post-flight observations and assessment on aerothermal measurements during CES-PAT mission are also included. Aerothermal measurements confirmed the adequacy of the adopted design approach.Keywords
Aerothermal Design, Crew Module, Heat Flux, Temperature, Thermal Protection System.References
- Davidson, J. et al., Crew Exploration Vehicle ascent abort overview. In AIAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference and Exhibit, AIAA 2007-6590, Hilton Head, South Carolina, USA, 20–23 August 2007.
- Varghese, R. C., Prabhu, M. R., Anoop, P. and Sundar, B., Aerothermal design, analysis, thermo-structural testing and qualification of RLV-TD. J. Aerosp. Sci. Technol., 2017, 69(3A), 471–479.
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- Varghese, R. C., Prabhu, M. R., Anoop, P., Sundar, B., Chacko, M. J. and Raj, P. J., Thermal modeling of umbilical tower during lift off of a launch vehicle. J. Aerosp. Sci. Technol., 2018, 70(2), 77–84.
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