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S. C. Agarwal , B. D. Patil

Abstract

Increasing demand for raw material for the paper industry has focussed attention on the immense resources locked up in Fir (Abies pindrow and A. webbiana) and Spruce (Picea morinda) forests. There are numerous difficulties in the proper exploitation of these forests, viz., absence of motorable roads and other means of communication, occurrence of black heart-wood which makes the timber liable to sink while being floated down and inadequate natural regeneration. The absence of adequate natural regeneration in these forests has drawn the attention of forest officers for a long time. Various factors responsible for the inadequacy of regeneration are discussed. It has also been noted that silver fir and spruce seedlings are shade demanders in early stages. Reproduction of both occurs plentifully at lower elevations under broad leaved trees. A large number of exotic and indigenous species ace under trial as nurse crops, e.g., Populus monolifera, P. generosa , P . ciliata, Aesculus indica, Prunus padus, Fraxinus excelsior, Thuja plicata, Larix europea and L. leptolepis, Cupressus torulosa and C.obtusa. The junior author while touring in the U.S.A. observed that aspen (Populus tremuloides) acted as a nurse crop in the regeneration of spruce. It is suggested that further work on the role of broad leaved associates may be taken up. Aspen seems to be a very promising nurse crop and is worth trial.

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B. D. Patil , Amar Singh , Ranjit Ghosh

Abstract

Among the various characters that determine the economic value of a forage variety, persistency and aggressiveness are of considerable importance particularly in case of those species or varieties which are meant for increase of forage from a native pastureland. The precise criteria for judging the relative degree of expression of these characters and a method for estimating the same have not been adequately investigated in the past, in the pasture research work. In the present paper, while studying the varietal differences in these two characters, it is suggested that the character of persistency may be adequately understood by the proportion of sterile to fertile tillers, plant size and a continued increase in its volume with almost absence or presence of a very little of the dead matter portion of the clones over a long growth period. For the character of aggressiveness the criteria suggested are the total canopy of plants, their relative resistance to the encroachment of other vegetation, their efficiency in auto-regeneration and in competition for survival with associated flora in a mixed stand. Using these criteria, eight varieties of Cenchrus setigerus grass have been evaluated for the expression of their characters- persistency and aggressiveness. From among these eight varieties, P.S. 31 has shown a striking superiority in these characters. This variety also is among the best forage producing varieties. This suggests that it looks possible to obtain, in a single variety, the character of high forage production of superior quality and also characters of persistency and aggressiveness in a greater measure. These studies further indicate that the high production of underground organs per unit area appears to be one of the attributes for the high expression of these two characters in the present material.

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B. D. Patil , Sewa Singh

Abstract

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K. R. Hogale ¹, A. V. Karne ², B. D. Patil ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biology, R. P. Mahavidyalaya, Osmanabad-413 501, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Botany, Shahajiraje Mahavidyalaya, Khatav-415 505, District Satara, Maharashtra, IN
3 Department of Botany, S. G. M. College, Karad-415 110, District Satara, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

The fungal spore incidence inside a working library was recorded by operating Rotorod Air Sampler for a period of three months. Apart from dust particles, altogether 47 type of biopollutants were identified of which 42 belonged to fungal spore types and remaining 5 types belonged to group 'other types'. Out of the total 42 fungal spores, 29 belonged to Deuteromycotina, 8 to Ascomycotina, 3 to Basidiomycotina and 2 to Zygomycotina. The spore types of Cladosporium (26.21%), Aspergilli + Penicilli (22.32%), Mucor + Rhizopus (4.92%), Alternaria (4.42%), Curvularia (3.22%), Nigrospora (2.84%), hyaline threads (2.57%), Leptosphaeria (2.24%), rust spores (2.04%) and Torula (2.02%) were found to occur in a relatively higher concentration. Biopollutants obtained peak in the month of September (34070/m3 of air) with 43.8 spore percentage, when there was a record of 46.7 mm rainfall, average mean temperature of 24.5°C and relative humidity of 86.2%. The significance of fungal spore types recorded as biodeteriogens and aeroallergens was considered. The daily temperature, relative humidity and rainfall was recorded and the effect of prevailing weather on the incidence of fungal airspora is reported in this paper.

Keywords

Library Environment, Fungal Biopollutants, Book Deterioration, Allergic Diseases.

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K. R. Hogale ¹, B. D. Patil ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Botany, Yashwantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara-415 001, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Botany, S.G.M. College, Karad-415 110, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Studies on air spora of vegetable market at Karad were carried out with the help of Rotorod air sampler to monitor biopollutants. The study was carried out from 1^st Oct. 2006 to 31^st Dec. 2006. The investigation reports 57 types of biopollutants, out of which 52 belong to fungi, and five to pollen grains, algal fragments, hyphal fragments, insect and insect parts. The spores of Curvularia, Nigrospora, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Helminthosporium, Sclerospora, Epicoccum, Teichospora, and Chaetomium are common in occurrence. The spores found in the study, which have already been proved to be allergenic in nature, are Curvularia, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Helminthosporium, Chaetomium, smut spores and Epicoccum.

Keywords

Allergenic Spores, Vegetale Market, Biopollutants, Pollen Grains, Rotorod Sampler, Allergies.

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