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Pandey, A.
- An Investigation on Dynamic Alterations in Antioxidant Enzymes in Tumor Tissue and Blood of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients
Authors
1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental College & Hospital, Azamgarh, U.P., IN
2 Department of Biochemistry, Dental College & Hospital, Azamgarh, U.P., IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 79-82Abstract
Background
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a devastating disease accounting for 50-70% of total cancer mortality in India. The disease is mediated by a diversity of endogenous and environmental stimuli. "Free radicals" are postulated to be involved in pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The antioxidant defence system of the body protects cell injury induced by these free radicals. Oxidative damages or alterations occur when there is imbalance, between free radicals production and cell's oxidant capacity. Such types of oxidative stress may lead to cytotoxicity, mutation and change in genetic expression resulting in carcinogenesis.
Objectives
To investigate the dynamic alterations of antioxidant level in tumor tissue and blood of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.
Material and Method
Levels of antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AA) and the activities of Antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxides (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), were estimated in the tumor tissue and blood of 40 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and in 20 healthy subjects as control.
Results
Significantly, increased levels of GSH, GPx, GR and AA, and significantly decreased activity of SOD was observed in tumor tissue (p < 0.001) and in tumor-free tissue of oral sqamous cell carcinoma patients, as compared with healthy subjects. In contrast, decrease in antioxidants (GSH, GPx, GR and AA p < 0.001, SOD p < 0.05 respectively) was observed in the blood of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, as compared with healthy subjects.
Keywords
Antioxidant Enzymes, Free Radicals, Oxidative Stress, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)
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- A Comparative Study of Clinical Scoring System of Cerebrovascular Accident with CT Scan
Authors
1 Department of Medicine, SS Medical College and SGMH, Rewa (MP), IN
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 68, No 8 (2015), Pagination: 23-30Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Stroke is the second most common cause of death and major cause of disability worldwide. Low and middle income countries account for 85.5% of total stroke deaths worldwide and the number of disability-adjusted life years in these countries is seven times that in high income countries.CT scan is a safe and non-invasive procedure for differentiating between cerebral infarction and haemorrhage. However, in India and other developing countries the availability of CT scan facilities in rural and peripheral centres is low but cost of scanning precludes its routine usage by the poorer society. So this study aims at differentiating ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes at bedside by using clinical scoring systems and to compare the accuracy of clinical scoring with the CT scan findings.
METHODS: This was a prospective clinical study on 100 patients who presented to the hospital within 72 hours of onset of symptoms of stroke. Siriraj and Allen stroke score were calculated using various parameters, subsequently all of these patients underwent CT scan of brain and accuracy of clinical scoring system with the CT scan was compared.
RESULTS: Most number of affected patients belonged to the age-group 61-70 with a male preponderance. 66% of the stroke cases were ischaemic, most common presenting symptom was hemiplegia followed by altered sensorium. Midline shift in CT scan was seen more in haemorrhagic stroke patients. On comparison of Siriraj score with CT scan findings correct correlation was seen in 82% of cases while Allen score showed correct correlation only in 67% of cases so the diagnosis of stroke subtype was best predicated by Siriraj score as compared to Allen score.
CONCLUSION: Present study shows that Siriraj score had good sensitivity and positive predictive value for ischaemic stroke (91.93% and 90.47%) while for haemorrhagic stroke sensitivity and positive predictive value was less (80.6% and 83.33%). Allen's score also showed good sensitivity and positive predictive value (96.2% and 91.22%) for ischaemic stroke however for haemorrhagic stroke it had poor sensitivity and positive predictive value (75% and 88.23%). So overall Siriraj score is a better tool for bedside early clinical diagnosis of stroke and to start anti-ischaemic therapy where immediate CT scan facilities are not available but these scores cannot be used for deciding thrombolysis using recombinant tissue plasminogen activators (r-tPA) which requires exclusion of haemorrhage by CT scan.
Keywords
Infarction, Haemorrhage, Cerebrovascular Accident, CT Scan, Siriraj Score, Allen Score.- Synthesis, Structure and Electrical Conductivity of Li-substituted Bi4v2o11 Solid Electrolyte
Authors
Source
International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, Vol 1, No 7Sp (2012), Pagination: 181-185Abstract
The series of compounds Bi4-xLixV2O11-δ-(0≤x≤0.4) has been prepared using solid state reaction technique. The crystal structure and conductivity were studied by using XRD and ac impedance spectroscopy. All the compounds exhibit α-typephase structure at room temperature. The β-phase appears to be suppressed for doped compounds. The conductivity of all the substituted phases is found to be higher than the parent compound. The highest conductivity (1.02×10-3 S/cm at 420°C) as compared to the parent compound was observed for x=0.3 substitution. The higher ionic conductivity for the doped compounds has been correlated with excess oxygen vacancies created by aliovalent substitution.Keywords
XRD, Ionic Conductors, Sintering, DC ConductivityFull Text
- Influence of Substrate Properties on the Efficiency of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors
Source
International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, Vol 1, No 7Sp (2012), Pagination: 269-276Abstract
This paper explores the effect of sintering temperature of TiO2 films on the efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells. Structural studies on the specimens were carried out using XRD which shows anatase phase with increasing crystallite size 29, 36, 43 nm with sintering temperature of 450, 550 and 650°C respectively. The microstructure was studied by SEM analysis which shows agglomeration of TiO2 particles for film sintered at 650°C. The sintered films were characterized by FTIR studies and are reported. The maximum efficiency of DSSCs fabricated by using TiO2 sintered at 450, 550 and 650°C were found to be 1.3, 0.85 and 0.09 % respectively.Keywords
SEM, XRD, MicrostructureFull Text