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- Phosphates from Detergents and Eutrophication of Surface Water Ecosystem in India
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1 Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal 462 038, IN
1 Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal 462 038, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 7 (2015), Pagination: 1320-1325Abstract
Eutrophication, regarded as the most immediate environmental consequence of extensive phosphorus usage in contemporary societies, has received wide attention. If the current level of human-induced global environmental impacts continues, there is a chance of occurrence of nearly 2.4-2.7-fold increase in nitrogen and phosphorus driven eutrophication of terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems in the near future. The main sources of phosphate in aquatic environment, is through household sewage water containing detergents and cleaning preparations, agricultural run-off containing fertilizers, as well as, industrial effluents from fertilizer, detergent and soap industries. The consumption of synthetic detergents is increasing year-by-year due to increasing urbanization and most of them contain phosphate as a 'builder', which increases phosphate loading rates in water bodies. The estimated annual consumption of phosphate-containing laundry detergents for the current population in India is about 2.88 million tonnes and the total outflow of P is estimated to be 146 thousand tonnes per year. Therefore, a major point of concern for checking eutrophication of water bodies, particularly in sensitive areas, is how to reduce P inputs to surface waters.Keywords
Aquatic Ecosystem, Detergents, Eutrophication, Phosphate Loading.- Tolerance Limit of the Alga Spirulina platensis to Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulphonate Polluted Wastewater
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Division of Environmental Science, Sheri-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar-191 121, J&K, IN
2 Division of Environmental Soil Science, Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal-462 038, M. P., IN
1 Division of Environmental Science, Sheri-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar-191 121, J&K, IN
2 Division of Environmental Soil Science, Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal-462 038, M. P., IN