Open Access
Subscription Access
Open Access
Subscription Access
Effectiveness of Valgus Insole on Pain, Gait Parameters and Physiological Cost Index of Walking in Flat Feet in 5-15 Years
Subscribe/Renew Journal
Background
This clinical trial was carried out to find the prevalence of flat feet in 5-15 years children and to compare the effect of valgus insole on the pain, gait parameters and PCI in flat feet children.
Subjects
80 children with flat feet were included in the study.
Method
All subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups after screening for flat feet- an experimental group which received a valgus insole and a control group without a valgus insole. Both groups were assessed for pain, gait parameters and physiological cost index of walking before and after the use of valgus insole. The primary outcome measures were pain and PCI with gait parameters being secondary outcome measure.
Results
The characteristics of and outcome measurements for the subjects in the 2 groups were similar at baseline. Significant improvements were found in pain and PCI in experimental group with no significant change in gait parameters.
Conclusion
The result of this study support the use of valgus insole in children with flat feet as it helps reduce the pain and improve PCI.
Keywords
- Laitman JT, Jaffe WL. A review of the current concepts on the evolution of the human foot. Foot Ankle 1982; 2:284-90.
- Brian A Rothbart, Medial Column Foot Systems. An innovative tool for improving posture; Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapy Jan 2002; 6 (1): 37-46.
- Luhmann SJ, Rich MM, Schoenecker PL. Painful idiopathic rigid flatfoot in children and adolescents. Foot & Ankle International 2000; 21:59-66. Sullivan JA. Pediatric flatfoot: evaluation and management. Journal of American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 1999;7:44-53
- Garcia-Rodriguez A, Martib-Jimenez F, Carnero-Varo M, Gomez-Garcia E, Gomez-Aracena J, Fernanedz-Crehuet J. Flexible flat feet in children: a real problem? Pediatrics 1999;103:84-6
- Napolitano C, Walsh S, Mahoney L, McCrea J. Risk factors that adversely modify the natural history of the pediatric Pronated foot. Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery 2000; 17:397-417.
- Cappello T, Song KM. Determining treatment of flatfeet in children. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 1998; 10:77-81.
- Lepow GM, Valenza PL. Flatfoot overview. Clin Pod Med Surg 1989; 6(3):477-489.
- D’Amico JC. Developmental flatfoot. Clin Podiatry 1984; 1(3):535-546.
- Matthew J. Pettengill, and Richard M. Jay, Inserts offer a new angle on pediatric flat foot treatment; BioMechanics Archives:: January 2006.
- Brooks MH. Flatfeet in children. BMJ 1991; 302:237. Volpon JB. Footprint analysis during growth period. Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics 1994; 14:83-5.
- Aharonson Z, Arcan M, Steinback TV. Foot-ground pressure pattern of flexible flatfoot in childrenm with and without correction of calcaneovalgus. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 1992; 181:177-82.Connors JF, Wernick E, Lowy LJ, Falcone J, Volpe RG. Guidelines for evaluation and management of five common podopediatric conditions. Jounral of American Podiatric Medical Association 1998; 88:206-22.
- G.Yavuzer, S.Sarmar, S.Ergin; Ankara University Medical School, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Turkey; Gait deviations of subjects with flexible flat feet.
- Mittal RL. The Journal of Foot Surgery. 1987; 2(1): 30-5
- Mary Keen, MD. Early Development and Attainment of Normal Mature Gait JPO > 1993 Vol. 5, Num. 2 > pp. 35-38
- A.K.L.Leung, A.F.T.Mak and J.H.Evans. Biomechanical gait evaluation of the immediate effect of orthotic treatment for flexible flat foot; Prosthetics and Orthotics International 1998, Vol. 22, No. 1, Pages 25-34.
- Bleck EE, Berzins UJ. Conservative management of pes valgus with plantar flexed talus, flexible Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1977 Jan-Feb ;(122):85-94
- Taylor TL. Idiopathic flexible flatfoot in the adolescent. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 1989; 6(3):537-553. 18. Otman S, Basgöze O, Gökce-Kutsal Y. Energy cost of walking with flat feet Prosthet Orthot Int. 1988 Aug;12(2):73
- Ledoux WR; Hillstrom HJ The distributed plantar vertical force of neutrally aligned and pes planus feet Gait Posture; 15(1):1-9, 2002 Feb
- Lee, Jung H.; Sung, In Y.; Yoo, Jong Y Clinical or radiologic measurements and 3-D gait analysis in children with pes planus Pediatrics International, Volume 51, Number 2, April 2009, pp. 201-205(5)
Abstract Views: 540
PDF Views: 0