Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

Th Eloni Vida ¹, Virginia Paul ², Th Kayia Priscilla Kayina ³

Affiliations
1 PhD Research Scholar, Department of Food Nutrition and Public Health, ECHS, SHUATS, Allahabad, IN
2 Professor, Department of Food Nutrition and Public Health, ECHS, SHUATS, Allahabad, IN
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Manipur, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Complementary feeding practices have a significant impact on life from childhood to adulthood. It is important to understand the practices followed to bring about policy changes. The study aims to assess complementary feeding practices among the tribal population of North-East India.

Material and Method: A community-based, cross sectional study was conducted among 820 pairs of mother and child in two North-Eastern states of India, using a pre-tested questionnaire based in Infant and Young Child feeding Guidelines.

Results: In the study it was seen that, majority of the study population (73.7%) followed timely introduction of complementary feeding. The type of food commonly used as introductory food were rice (62.8%) and commercial infant formulae (18.66%). Infant and Young Child Feeding indicators such as intake of Minimum Diet Diversity (32.2%), and Minimum acceptable diet (30.85%) were found to be inadequate except for Minimum meal frequency where it was found to be on the higher side at 93.8%.

Conclusion: The feeding practices were found to be unhealthy. It is recommended more intensive awareness generation activities along with emphasis on diverse dietary intake be taken up to improve health literacy to bring about a conducive environment for holistic the growth and development of the individual, society and nation as a whole.

Keywords

IYCF, Tribal, Complementary-Feeding Practices, Nutrition, North-East.

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Pallavi Singh ¹, Virginia Paul ², Aditya Kumar Singh Pundir ³

Affiliations
1 Assistant Professor, School of Allied Health Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, IN
2 Professor, Department of Food, Nutrition and Public Health, Ethelind School of Home Science, SHUATS, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Professor, Department of ECE, Arya Collage of Engineering and Information Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan, IN

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a bone disorder which is a prevalent global public health problem associated with compelling morbidity, mortality and socioeconomic burden. This disorder can be prevented and treated if diagnosed early and accurately. This study was conducted among the pre and post-menopausal women of Allahabad District aged between 35-65 years to observe the strength of association between the risk factors and the prevalence of osteoporosis. A total number of 316 respondents were screened through P-DEXA scan in a hospital based free BMD check-up camps and a WHO guideline for the diagnosis of osteoporosis was used to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis in the selected respondents. Diagnosed patients of osteoporosis were identified as cases (N=84) while controls (N=84) of the study were free from less bone mineral density. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect information regarding behavioral, Anthropometric, Clinical and genetic risk factors of the osteoporosis.The finding shows that 27.22 percent women were normal while 46.2 percent had osteopenia and 26.58 percent had osteoporosis. The study shows the strong association of different risk factors like lack of physical activity (OR= 3.003), high consumption of tea/coffee (OR=1.437), less exposure to sun light (OR=2.608), obesity (OR=1.3125), large body frame (OR=1.313), poor hand grip strength (OR=1.819), prior history of fracture (OR=2.426) and maternal history of fracture (OR=7.604) with the prevalence of osteoporosis. This study recommended a healthy life style pattern in the daily life as osteoporosis is highly preventable disease and most of the associated risk factors are modifiable.

Keywords

Osteoporosis, Osteopenia, Prevalence, Epidemiology, Bone mineral density.

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