Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

T. Jane Belinda ¹, Sreedevi Dharman ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Colposcope is a non-invasive device when used it aids in Detecting the appropriate site for biopsy which saves the patients from multiple biopsies and allows in a broader range of diagnoses. For this review,the following electronic databases were searched namely PubMed (Mesh), Wiley online library, Cochrane Library using key words colposcopy, oral mucosal lesions.. The total number of articles obtained are 17 with preset inclusion and exclusion criteria to select the appropriate clinical trial. The search strategy included 4 potentially relevant articles for literature review. The sensitivity and specificity of biopsy through colposcopic examination done in the studies were fairly more thus revealing the diagnosis of early dysplastic changes in the potentially malignant disorders. Therefore, the studies reviewed concluded that clinical criterion of colposcopic examination was found to be more appropriate for the selection of biopsy specimens in cases of potentially malignant disorders and carcinoma. Even though the results in the studies was positive and promising, further long term studies are to be done in large populations to determine the diagnostic changes.

Keywords

Biopsy, Mucosal Lesion, Colposcope.

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M. A. Fazeelath Banu ¹, Sreedevi Dharman ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Background: Implants have been widely used to replace missing teeth. Successful implant treatment depends on proper planning. The height, width, morphology and density of alveolar bone surrounding the implant site is very important for determination of the size of implant. Conventional radiographic techniques have image distortion and superimposition and compromise the accuracy of treatment planning. Cone beam computed tomography provides high resolution and accurate images at low dosage which can be used in implant planning.

Aim: To measure alveolar ridge and buccal undercut dimension at the anterior maxilla to develop treatment planning for immediate implant placement using Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Method: 80 CBCT scans of subjects with full dentition at right maxilla were taken. Measurements were taken at the cross sectional views in the middle of the maxillary right central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine regions. The parameters measured were alveolar height, alveolar width, buccal undercut location, buccal undercut depth.

Results: There was no significant difference in the alveolar height among the teeth. The mean alveolar widths (mm) were: central incisor, 8.1; lateral incisor, 7.4; canine, 8.9. The lateral incisor had a significantly smaller alveolar width than the other anterior teeth. Among the maxillary anterior teeth 72% of central incisors, 88% of lateral incisors and 51% of canines had buccal undercut. The lateral incisor had the maximum buccal undercut. The buccal undercut depth for central incisor, lateral incisor, canine are 1, 1.61 and 0.91 respectively.

Conclusion: Thus in anterior maxilla lateral incisor has the thinnest alveolar bone and buccal undercut among the other anterior teeth.

Keywords

Alveolar Ridge, Implants, Alveolar Height, Alveolar Width, Buccal Undercut.

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J. Hemashree ¹, Sreedevi Dharman ², Selvaraj ³

Affiliations
1 Graduate Student, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN
2 Reader, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Aim: Aim of the study is to estimate the levels of Malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase and Defensin levels on patients with and without periodontitis.

Materials and Method: The levels of Malondialdehyde and Glutathione peroxidase was estimated using colorimetric estimation and Defensin was estimated using ELISA.

Results: Levels of Defensin is increased in patients with periodontitis 9.18+-1.72 when compared to healthy subjects 6.22+-2.73. The mean levels of MDA is increased in patients with periodontitis 2.35+-0.32 when compared to normal patients 3.58+-0.36. The levels of Gpx is lower in patients with periodontitis 2.52+-0.58 when compared to normal patients 3.58+-0.36. The p-value was found to be significant (0.001).

Conclusion: Thus, this study reveals that Malondialdehyde, Defensin and glutathione peroxidase can be considered as biomarkers in the periodontal diseases.

Keywords

Periodontitis, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Saliva, Tooth.

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S. Vaishali ¹, Sreedevi Dharman ²

Affiliations
1 Graduate Student, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN
2 Reader, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IN

Abstract

Aim: To assess the association between dermatoglyphic pattern and potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients which might help in predicting the occurrence of these two disorders.

Background: Dermatoglyphics are the dermal ridge configuration on the digits, palms and soles. They are genetically determined and influenced by environmental forces that are operating before birth. Several studies have shown association between dermatoglyphics and different types of cancer. Hence this study was undertaken to determine whether specific dermatoglyphic patterns exists which help in predicting the occurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders.

Materials and Method: After explaining about the study to the subjects, an informed consent will be obtained. A detailed history with thorough clinical examination will be done and findings will be recorded . The clinically diagnosed cases of potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma will be confirmed histopathologically and will be included in the study. Finger and palm prints will be collected using ink method from 10 subjects with oral squamous cell carcinoma, 15 subjects with potentially malignant disorders and 25 healthy controls and will be evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively.

Results: Arches and loops were more frequent in cases than in controls whereas whorls were more frequent in control group. 80% of the patients with potentially malignant disorders have loop pattern, 40% of the patients has arches and 30% have whorls. 50% of the patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma have loop pattern, 30% have arch pattern and 20% have whorl pattern. 68% of the control group have whorl pattern, 20% have arch pattern and 12% have loop pattern.

Conclusion: This study concluded that dermatoglyphic patterns may have a role in identifying individuals either with or at risk for developing potentially malignant disorders like leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, lichen planus etc and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Hence it can be used to identify high risk group, so that early primary and secondary preventive measures can be instituted in order to prevent the occurrence of these lesions.

Keywords

Potentially Malignant Disorders, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Dermatoglyphics, Arches, Loops, Whorls.

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G. Sneha Bokadia ¹, Sreedevi Dharman ²

Affiliations
1 Graduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, IN
2 Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai

Abstract

Aim: Social media is becoming one of the most popular sources of information among the general public. YouTube being the most popular is one of the key sources of medical information. This study aims to assess the overall quality of information of Oral Sub mucous Fibrosis presented on YouTube.

Methodology: The study analysed 100 YouTube videos using search terms 1) oral sub mucous fibrosis, 2) OSMF, 3) oral sub mucous fibrosis diagnosis, 4) oral sub mucous fibrosis symptoms, 5) oral sub mucous fibrosis treatment. A quality assessment checklist was prepared and two individuals scored each video independently based on information present. Videos were grouped into poor, moderate and excellent quality based on scores.

Result: After viewing 100 videos with information about OSMF awareness to general public, 90% (n=90) of the videos available on YouTube are not helpful for patients seeking information regarding OSMF. 51% (n=51) of videos are completely irrelevant, depicting scarcity of useful videos. Among 10% (n=10) relevant videos (Awareness 3%, Educational 7%) videos, only 2% (n=2) was with excellent quality of information, 4% (n=4) moderate quality, 4% (n=4) showing the poor quality of videos available. Among the 10% useful videos, 5% (n=5) videos were uploaded by health care units and organisations and 1% (n=1) videos by universities and 4% (n=4) by private health care professionals.

Conclusion: The present study shows there is lack of information presented on YouTube regarding OSMF and also the available useful videos are of poor quality. However, YouTube could serve as a valuable platform for communicating, hence there is high need to upload good educational videos to create awareness and further guide patients with OSMF.

Keywords

Oral Sub Mucous Fibrosis, YouTube, Areca Nut, Social Media.

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