Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development

R. Hariharan ¹, N. Aravindha Babu ¹, R. Jayasri Krupaa ¹, K. M. K. Masthan ²

Affiliations
1 Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
2 Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN

Abstract

Kidney disease is a worldwide disease, with higher rate of increasing incidence and prevalence. Chronic renal failure is adisease in which chronic destruction of nephrons occurs and ends up in irreversible loss of kidney function associated with reduced Glomerular Filtration Rate(GFR). Renal function is measured using GFR by estimating Creatine Clearance(CC). Patients suffering from End Stage Renal Disease(ESRD) may also encounter with hypertension, anaemia, infection, risk of bleeding, adverse effects of drugs and several other oral manifestation. Chronic renal failure cause various oral manifestations which affect both teeth and their surrounding tissues. The aim of this article is to provide knowledge for dentist regarding the association between renal diseases and their oral manifestation and to provide guidelines for managing these patients by improving the dental protocols for those patients. By improving the treatment protocol and oral hygiene of these patients, dentist can be able to prevent endocarditis and septicaemia.

Keywords

Chronic Renal Failure, Creatinine Clearance, Dialysis, Xerostomia.

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A. M. Sherene Christina Roshini ¹, N. Aravindha Babu ¹, R. Jayasri Krupaa ¹, K. M. K. Masthan ²

Affiliations
1 Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
2 Department of Oral pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN

Abstract

Various dental materials used in dentistry has a potentiality to cause allergic reaction of oral cavity in patients. Certain materials can cause allergic reaction to dentists and technicians. The most common allergic reactions seen in dentists and other dental staffs are allergies to latex, acrylates and formaldehyde. While polymethylmethacrylates and latex trigger delayed hypersensitivity reactions, sodium metabisulphite and nickel cause immediate reactions. Dentists should have proper knowledge about the allergic reactions to dental materials in patients because over the last few years there is a rise in number of patients. Dental materials are suspected to have biocompatibility problems. The materials are composites, latex gloves, local anaesthetic agents, endodontic materials, impression materials and metals. In order to manage the allergic condition, clinician should know about the documented allergic reactions so that they can frame the treatment plan accordingly.

Keywords

Allergic Reaction, Hypersensitivity, Lichenoid Reaction.

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A. M. Sherene Christina Roshini ¹, N. Aravindha Babu ², R. Jayasri Krupaa ³, K. M. K. Masthan ⁴

Affiliations
1 Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
2 Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
3 Reader, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
4 Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN

Abstract

Probiotics are used to control periodontal diseases, dental caries and halitosis (oral malodour. It also has a potentiality to manage multifactorial diseases such as the periodontal diseases and caries. Conventional treatment cannot restore homeostasis. Studies about the use of probiotics in dentistry are held, where certain studies had a negative result and some had a positive result. Probiotics are used to modulate and regulate the immune system of an individual.

Keywords

Homeostasis, Dental Caries, Gingivitis and Periodontitis.

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Sudakshina Mukherjee ¹, M. K. Masthan ², R. Jayasri Krupaa ³, N. Aravindha Babu ⁴

Affiliations
1 Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
2 Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
3 Reader, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN
4 Professor, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, IN

Abstract

It is this branch of dentistry where research meets practice, and thus unique and rare in its own way. This science investigates the causes, processes, and effects of the disease affecting oral and maxillofacial region. It is the backbone of dental science and bridge between dental and medical sciences. So Oral pathologists can be called as an epitome of research in dentistry, given the large area available for researches and vast area of issue to be explored regarding the pathophysiology of diseases related. They also play a vital role in diagnosis and treatment planning sometimes guiding the oral and maxillofacial surgeons in their surgical procedures since they have the distinction of meeting patients, observing the clinical presentation of the disease process, investigating the cause of the pathology and determining the final histological diagnosis based on clinico-radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Keywords

Oral Pathology, Diagnosis, Oral Mucosa.

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