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Narayana Murthy, M. R.
- Prevalence and Factors Influencing Chronic Kidney Disease in Urban Slum Area of Mysuru City
Authors
1 Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, IN
2 Department of Nephrology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysuru, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 12 (2019), Pagination: 412-417Abstract
Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) leads to high morbidity and mortality in both developing and developed countries. CKD as a complication of non-communicable diseases and as itself leads to huge economic burden to the individual and nation. Screening is the only measure to prevent or delay in progress of early CKD. Hence this study was undertaken in urban slum area of Mysuru with the objectives to estimate the prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) using estimated-Glomerular filtration rate and Urinary abnormalities in people residing in urban slum area of Mysuru and to find out the factors influencing Chronic Kidney Disease
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban slum, Mysuru. A total of 828 adults above 18yrs, consenting to participate were included in the study. A semi-structured proforma was used to collect data by interview technique. Serum creatinine was used to calculate eGFR. Urine analysis was done using dipsticks.
Results: The prevalence of CKD of Stage 3 and above (using CKDEPI equation) was found to be 6.8% and proteinuria of 3.5%. Risk factors identified were age, gender, obesity, hypertension, smoking, alcohol and indigenous medicine usage.
Conclusion: Screening for CKD at PHC level with tests like S. Creatinine estimation (hence eGFR calculation) and urine dipstick analysis along with information on age, gender, blood pressure, smoking status and presence or absence of diabetes mellitus can help in implementing preventive measures at grassischolar_main level.
Keywords
Adults, Chronic Kidney Disease, Urinary Abnormalities, Risk Factors, Urban Slum, Mysuru.
- Magnitude of Coexisting Cognitive Impairment and Depression among Elderly in Urban Field Practice Area of Mysuru City, Karnataka
Authors
1 Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 12 (2019), Pagination: 653-658Abstract
Background: Cognitive impairment(CI) is an important clinical issue among elderly patients with depression and has a more complex etiology. The objective of the present study was to screen a representative sample of adults aged ≥60 years for the prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Depression.
Method: A Community based Cross-sectional study done among 290 elderly in a declared slum area, Medar’s block, Mysuru city, Karnataka. Standard tools like Mini-Cog questionnaire was used to assess Cognitive Impairment and Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS) to estimate the prevalence of depression.
Results: Among the study participants, 201(69.3%) belonged to the age group of 60-69 years and most of them belonged to medium Standard of living Index(SLI) 201(69%). The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 132(45.5 %) and suggestive depression was seen in 141(48.6%) of the elderly.
Conclusion: There was an association between cognitive impairment and depression which in turn had a significant impact on activities of daily living. Early diagnosis of these problems with appropriate intervention can bring about significant change in the quality of life among the elderly.
Keywords
Cognitive Impairment, Activities of Daily Living, Depression, Functional Status, Mental Health, Elderly.- Evaluating Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Utilizing WHO/ISH risk Prediction Charts among Urban Population in Mysuru, Karnataka
Authors
1 Department of Community Medicine, JSS Medical College, Mysuru, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 10, No 12 (2019), Pagination: 683-687Abstract
Background: “Demographic transition” has affected the health-care needs of the world’s population. The epidemiological transition from communicable diseases to Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and Cardiovascular diseases(CVDs) being a leading cause of death calls for prevention of CVDs which will be the essential step to control the epidemic of NCDs. The aim of this study is to estimate the cardiovascular risk among adults aged ≥40 years, utilizing WHO/ISH risk charts.
Method: A community based cross-sectional study conducted among 250 individuals aged ≥40 years residing in urban area ofMysuru, Karnataka. Study participantswere personally interviewed using a semistructured questionnaire. Information regarding anthropometric measurements and laboratory investigations were also collected. The 10-year risk for cardiovascular events was estimated using the WHO/ISH risk prediction charts.
Results: Among 250 study participants, the mean age was 52.7 (+9.5) years and majority were females (69.6%). 25.6% had very high (≥40%) risk, 18% had 10-<20% risk, 23.2% had 20–<30% risk and 8% had 30–<40% estimated risk of developing fatal and non-fatal CVD event in next 10 years. The prevalence of risk factors like Hypertension, Diabetes, Hypercholesterolemia, Moderate Stress and Physical Inactivity were 49.2%, 28.8%, 24.4%, 45.6% and 8.8% respectively. Over-nutrition was more prevalent where 34.4% and 27.2% had class I obesity and class II obesity respectively.
Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of CVD risk factors and estimated risk of CVD are significantly prevalent in the urban population. Simple tool like WHO/ISH risk prediction charts can be used as a screening tool to estimate the CVD risk occurrence in next 10 years, in a low resource country like India, even at a community level.