Biomaterials in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Aim: This review aims in giving a brief idea on evaluation of the pros and cons of different hard tissues biomaterials and how the implementation of these biomaterials has aided in restoring the function of traumatized connective tissues.

Introduction: Over the years, there has been a significant difference in the use of biomaterials. The biomaterials however having an animal origin on synthetic origin have been used, yet there are many that need to be reported with passing years. Some researchers have revealed that implementation of the synthetic biomaterials show a lower rate risk in the transmission of disease. The use of the biomaterials in medicine and dentistry provides us with a thorough understanding of the scientific basis of these applications. The biomaterials had their discrete use for the hard tissue traumas and for the soft tissue traumas as well, according to the specifications and requirements the biomaterials that would best replicate the physiologic body part and would restore its normal function were used. The advances made in last decade have made the utility and applications in the clinical conditions possible.

Discussion: The hard tissue biomaterials with passing time went through proper research, a lot of implementation with few failures and improper cognizance of biomechanics finally paved a way to its successful contrivances in the treatment of traumatized hard tissues. The steady long-term improvement that has been seen successfully in case of the joint replacements for the TMJ serves a testament to this. The hard tissue biomaterials also play a major role craniofacial surgery with the skeletal fixation.

Conclusion: Consequently, it has to be noticeable from these frames of references that the applications of biomaterials currently being used, demand structural functions even in those organs and systems having no such structural importance in their nature or very effortless chemical or electrical functions.