Purpose: To characterize closed globe injuries due to pellets and determine prognosis of such injuries.
Methods: It was a prospective observational study and was carried between July 2016 and Jan 2018. About 253 eyes of 249 patients were included in the study. Injuries were classified in accordance with BETT (Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology) terminology and Ocular Trauma Classification System as shown in and significance was determined for this classification.
Results: Majority of 163 (65.5%) patients was in the age group of 17-26 years and of246 (98.8%) patients were males. Most common presenting grade of vision was Grade A in 36.7% of eyes while most common type of injury was type A (Contusions) in 53%. Most common zone of injury was Zone I in 40.7%. Subconjunctival hemorrhage was most common ocular finding in 179 (70.7%) eyes followed by hyphema in 97 (38.3%) eyes. Visual outcome was found to be 6/36 or better in 226 (89.3%) of eyes. At the end of the study macular hole was present in 2 eyes, pseudophakia in 1, and cataract in 5, and distortion of foveal contour due to epiretinal membrane in 3, some macular scarring in 7, and RD in 2 eyes.
Conclusion: Zone III involvement need of vitrectomy, non-perception of light and relative afferent pupillary deficit at presentation is associated with poor outcome. Interventions in form of medical and surgical modalities significantly improve outcome.