Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Subhash Chander ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS HAU Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The sheer increase in human population is one of the most serious problems confronting mankind and the best developmental proposition for India is to stabilize its population which is more sociological in nature them technical. The present study was conducted in a multi caste village and a total of 200 respondents were selected to assess the knowledge and attitude of schedule castes families towards small family norms. The respondents from service class and those married at later age were having higher knowledge and favourable attitude towards small family norms. About 60% respondents from labour and farming category had 5-8 family members whereas as 50% of service class and other occupation group had less than 5 members. About 60% of the respondents of up to 17 year of age at marriage were having 5-8 members where as 47.7% respondents of more than 21 years age group were having small family size. It was concluded that occupation level and marriage age of a person had significant influence on his knowledge and attitude towards small family norms. So efforts are needed for higher education and marriage at later age to achieve the aim of small family.

Keywords

Occupation,marriage Age,small Family Norms

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Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Campus Kaul, Kaithal, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Women's health status affects their productivity and thereby their role in society and development. Their own health is influenced by various factors, which need to be investigated to improve their health status. Keeping this in view, the present study was undertaken to find out the impact of family type on marriage and birth practices and health problems of rural women. It was found that the type of family had a significant effect on birth practices. The results indicated that 26.4% respondents from nuclear family were married after 20 years of age, while it was only 4.5% in case of joint families. In all deliveries in 58.3% cases were performed at home while only 33.3% in hospitals. Nuclear families were more conscious about post partum hygiene. A shift towards health awareness was observed among rural women as 73.3% visited doctors for pregnancy and birth related checkups which was quite higher than that observed in earlier studies. More rural women from nuclear families (71.1%) reported work excessiveness as compared to joint families (36.4%). A significant impact of family type on occurrence of diseases among rural women was also observed. It was concluded that women from nuclear families were more health conscious and had better knowledge in adopting marriage and birth practices than those of joint families.

Keywords

Rural Women,birth Practices And Health Problems

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Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Campus Kaul, Kaithal, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Ageing is a constant, predictable process that involves growth and development of living organisms. The United Nations anticipates that the number of people aged 65 and over will increase to 822 million all over the world by 2025. The increase of ageing population is a major concern to both the family and the government. Developing countries such as China and India have the largest total population, and will continue to have the largest absolute number of elderly people. Nobody grow old merely by living a certain number of years. Years may wrinkle the skin but worry, doubt, fear, anxiety, tension and self disrespect wrinkle the soul. Elderly people are highly prone to mental morbidities due to ageing of the brain, problems associated with physical health and socio-economic factors like break down of family support and decline in economic independence. The issue is more acute for women because they are disadvantaged in the predominantly patriarchal societies in which most of them live. The present study examines the changes in mental health of aged rural women and influence of various socio-economic factors on these changes. A semi-structured questionnaire on socio-demographic and mental health profiles of women was developed to assess their mental health status. Most of the women under study were consuming those food items which were easily available in villages and their diet generally lacked fruits, eggs and meat as only 17.5 per cent women were consuming egg and meat while 21.3 per cent ate fruits occasionally. Majority of aged women reported that they could concentrate on work (82.5%) and pay a useful role in the family (83.7%) provided they were given due respect and health care. It was found that more than half of them (57.5%) remained under stress due to one or the other reason and the magnitude of their mental stress was more than their physical one. Family education had positive impact on mental health status of elder women of the family as the mental health level of aged rural women from families having higher education was somewhat better than those of having lower level of family education. More rural aged women from married class were mentally good (86.0%) than those from widow class (67.6%). Family bonding among its members plays an important role in maintaining their physical and mental health specially those of older persons. More number of aged women from medium size families (84.4%) was having good mental health level as compared to those of small (78.3%) and large size (50.0%) families. It was found that high family income was not a guarantee of good mental health of its elderly women but it is the love and affection of family members that natters to keep the mental health of aged women sound as more women from families having medium annual income were having good mental health level (87.1%). The present study showed some association of socio-economic factors with mental health and functioning of an elderly woman. It is necessary that the caregivers be made aware of the physical and mental conditions and problems of the elderly people so as to meet their needs as far as possible in the home setting itself.

Keywords

Socio-Economic Factors, Mental Health, Aged Women.

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Vinod Kumari ¹, Kamaljeet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The modern India is emerging as a global power but for half of its population, the women across the country, struggle to live life with dignity continue. Women, irrespective of their caste, class and educational status, are not safe and have been the victim of exploitations since long time in different fields in their life both physically, socially, mentally and economically. Eve teaching is the most common act of public violence against women which includes various forms of harassment like making vulgar comment, indecent proposal, unwelcome gestures, attempt to make physical contact, etc. The present study was conducted on 75 girls studying in rural colleges. The data were collected using a interview schedule and analysed for drawing inferences. The results revealed that 64.0 per cent respondents had faced one or other form of eve teaching in their life. More than 2/3rd of the respondents were against the opinion that dress of girl is responsible for eve teaching. The main causes of eve teaching explained by the respondents were lack of respect for girls (89.0%), lack of education (80.0%), lower sex ratio (70.0%), low mentality of males (68.0%) and shyness of girls (67.0%). Majority of girls were of the opinion that incidence of eve teasing can be reduced by strictly enforcing laws (72.0%), moral education at home (76.0%), informing parents (80.0%), awareness about surrounding and self confidence (84.0% each). Expectations of girl students from government and educational institutions have also been discussed and it was concluded that more awareness among girls and preventive measures are needed to curb the menace of eve teasing.

Keywords

Eve Teasing, College Girls, Opinion, Sexual Harassment.

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Kamaljeet Kaur ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Sex ratio is an important social indicator to measure the extent of the prevailing equality between males and females in a society at a given point of time. Clianges in sex ratio largely reflect the underlying socio-economic and cultural patterns of a society in different ways. The present paper reviews various socio-cultural factors like traditional cultural practices, health practices, food and nutrition, education, awareness about laws, mobility of girls, attitude toward female, son preference, etc. that affect sex ratio and causes health deprivation of girl child. It is concluded that patriarchy manifested in son preference and daughter discrimination reduces the survival chances of girl child. This is reinforced by factors including property inheritance, dowry, high marriage cost and availability of the cheap technology. The results of various studies suggest that there is a need to change the mind set of society about girls their survival and development.

Keywords

Sex Ratio, Girl Child, Socio-Cultural Factors, Awareness.

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Kamaljeet Kaur ¹, Vinod Kumari ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Women's health has been a global concern for many decades and India is one of the few countries in the world where women and men have nearly the same life expectancy at birth. Health care access is important for women as women's body charges throughout her life time, from fatal development to post menopause. The complex structure of the culture and socio-economic factors prevalent in patriarchal Indian society is responsible for the persistent discrimination in terms of health issues. The paper reviews various socio-cultural, economic and psychological barriers affecting women health. It has been observed by various researchers that women's health is influenced by age, work load, education, family type and size and socio-economic status. Additionally women provide the majority of family health care by caring for both aging parents and children although efforts have been taken to improve the health status of women but the constitution dream of gender inequality is terms of health are miles away from becoming reality, even today. The State Government of Haryana needs to urgently undertaking massive women's healthcare drive to correct the situation but still more efforts are required to improve the health condition of care taker of whole family.

Keywords

Women Health, Socio-Cultural Factors, Gender Inequality, Knowledge.

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Vijay Kumar ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The rapid convergence of mass media and communication technologies has made. Television is clearly part of the lives of hundreds of millions of young children around the world. This study examines the background and television viewing behavior of primary school boys in rural and urban areas. The study was conducted on 100 boys of Bhiwani district of Haryana state in which 50 boys from rural and 50 boys were urban. The data was analyzed by applying frequency, percentages, mean and rank. The study showed majority of the respondents belonged to age group 9-10 years in rural areas, had joint family, and belonged to backward class, having income up to Rs. 2025. Result regarding viewing frequency observed that 56.0 per cent boys were watching television up to 2 hrs and most preferred programmes of rural and urban was cartoon. Decision about channels and programmes half the cases selection was taken by father and majority of the respondents were watching television for entertainment.

Keywords

Children, Television, Preference, Channels, Entertainment.

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Vijay Kumar ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The present study was aimed to examine the influence of television on primary school boys in rural and urban areas. The sample for the study was 100 (50rural viewers & 5 Ourban viewers) selected primary schoolboys of 9 to 12 years of age, which were randomly selected from Bhiwani district of Haryana state. Questionnaire was used for the influence of television on primary school boys in rural and urban area. The data was analyzed by applying frequency, percentages and chi-square. The results showed majority of the respondents were connected to cable in urban area while most of the rural respondent had not cable connection. Majority of the respondents visit friend's house on social occasion that was influenced by T.V. on social aspect of human behavior. It was noticed that rural parents were watching more television as compared to urban parents. Majority of rural respondents do not play the games in comparison to urban respondents. Most of the rural and urban respondents always played more while not watching television, agreed that television viewing never affected their relationship with their friends, always think of television programmes during study time, felt that television viewing as great barrier to pursue their hobbies, realized that cable channel cause culture, moral and ethical invasion. On the other hand most of the students felt that television advertisements create awareness about new product.

Keywords

Primary School Boys, Human Behavior, Family Members, Relationship, Awareness.

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Subhash Chander ¹, Rashmi Tyagi ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soeiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agrieultnral University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The Indian agriculture has changed during the past about 50 years mainly due to development of agricultural technologies. Rice is grown in 18 districts of Haryana. Out of which seven districts are in high productivity group. The study was conducted in Kurukshetra district of Haryana state. From this district, two blocks namely Thanesar and Pehowa were selected randomly. On the whole a total of 200 rice growing farmers were selected, who were using direct seeded rice method (100) and conventional transplanted rice method (100). The findings regarding knowledge level of respondents about various aspects of direct seeded rice method were studied like recommended seed rate, varieties, fertilizer practices, weeds, insect, pest, disease etc. It was found that sixty per cent respondents had high level of knowledge regarding direct seeded rice method. Awareness were found among farmers regarding direct seeded rice method such as increase the yield than conventional, seed is placed in the most fertile zone of the soili.e. 2-3cmlrom surface and recommended variety is used for sowing: Tarawari, CSR-30, PusaBasmati 1121 to which they reported 1st, 2nd and 3rdranks order.

Keywords

Nature, Extent, Knowledge, Direct Seeded Rice Method, Socio-Economic Factors, Etc.

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Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Subhash Chander ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soeiology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) cotton is commonly grown in all over the world to control wide range of pests. The farmers benefited from BT cotton through increased yield revenue and gross margin. While the farmer maid savings on insecticide costs they had to spend more on seed and harvesting. The farmers made savings on insecticide costs they had to spend more on seed and harvesting. Farming households used the additional income mostly for investment in people (education)and physical resources (cotton & other crop production). This research paper conducts to assess the impact of Bt. cotton and Desi/non-Bt. cotton on socio-economic status of farmers. The study was conducted among 120 farmers in Bhiwani districts of Haryana State through survey method. The findings of the study elucidate that investment on education of children was reported increased by 83.33 per cent and 66.66 per cent of respondents growing Bt. cotton and desi cotton respectively. Expenditure on social ceremonies was felt increased by 70.83 per cent and 50 per cent of the respondents growing Bt. cotton and desi cotton/hybrids respectively.

Keywords

Bt. Cotton, Pests, Insecticide, Desi/Non-Bt. Cotton, Socio-Economic Status.

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Subhash Chander ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soeiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agrieultnral University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The dowry system is a cultnral system in India in which the parents of the bride pay a large sum of money, expensive jewellery and other gifts such as car or other household items to the parents of the groom during marriage. The social and cultural efforts of the dowry system are devastating to the society as a whole. Dowry is the result of long standing power in balance between men and women and thus seriously compromises the well being, productivity and contribution of one half the populations. Therefore it was important to bring to light the issues affecting women in this reason. Two hundred women were randomly selected trom Kamal Districts of Haryana and out of those of 21, who were alfected the problem related to dowry in both reasons. Significant association was found between family type, education, size of land holding of family, mass media exposure, social participation and socio-economic status with problem of dowry faced by respondents. Concerted efforts are required to curb violence against women regarding dowry in Haryana.

Keywords

Problem of Dowry, Socio-Economic Factors, Factors Afafecting and Rural Women

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Kamaljeet ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The patriarchal canopy has always denied women the warm rays of autonomy and freedom. The in declinable gender biases have disfigured the very face o f humanity. The present study was conducted in the twelve village of two districts of Haryana state, i.e., Fatehabad and Sonipat having highest and lowest sex ratio. From each selected village 10 females and 10 males from 3rd generation (would be parents), 10 females and 10 males from 2nd generation (parents) and 5 females and 5 males from 1st generation (grandparents) were selected. In this way, from each village 25 females and 25 males were selected making a sample size o f600. A structured interview schedule was prepared to delineate the socio-economic factors affecting attitude over three generations towards girl child. The collected data were quantified and interpreted by using suitable statistical tools such as frequency and percentage, weighted mean score and chi-square test. Different factors like age, caste, family occupation and social participation were found associated with attitude as indicated by x2 results, showing the impact of social factors on attitude of respondents. Majority of the respondents opined that equal opportunities should be provided to both the genders followed by gender equality at home and accept changing roles and responsibilities.

Keywords

Attitude, Socio-Economic, Girl Child.

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Subhash Chander ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Indian agriculture dependent on monsoon which is always flexible. It leads to operating risk in cultivation of different crops. Natural calamities may affect on the yield from agriculture sector. To cover the risk which may occur in future, there is need to some provision and crop insurance is only mechanism available to safeguard against production risk in agriculture. The study was conducted on 160 farmers in Kamal and Kurukshetra districts of Haryana state. It was found from the field of the study that more than one-third of the respondents (37.5%) received amount of Rs. 16000 to 32000 of crop insurance scheme followed by Rs. 12000 to 16000 (23.8) and Rs. 32000 to 70000 (17.5%). Two-third marginal farmers (66.7%) performed social ceremonies by the claimed amount o f crop insurance scheme. It was also suggested that Efforts are needed to make more aware about crop insurance scheme and knowledge should be imparted to them through trainings.

Keywords

Claimed Amount, Crop Insurance Scheme, Socio-Economic Impact Etc.

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Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Rashmi Tyagi ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, COBS&H, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

This research examined the nature and extent of gender-based violence, in particular violence against women. The gender-based violence or violence against women and girls is a global pandemic that affects all the communities of the world. Violence against women is a critical issue of debatable which needs to be addressed on all platforms from where policy matters take place. However, the Indian government's resolution to end this menance, atrocity on female is at its peak. The major concept of this study is to know the various kind of violence activities with the objective of nature and extent of violence against women prevailing in Haryana. The area of study was Kurukshetra district which is situated in Haryana state. The criteria of data collection were 200 female respondents. In nature and extent of physical violence against women analysis shows first rank in physical harassment like beating, with mean score 2.11. Anger and verbal violence shows first rank with mean score 2.09. Economical violence includes husband snatch money forcefully from respondent which is earned by herself or present by her parents and relatives get first rank. In emotional violence most of the female respondent faced dismissing and ignoring also get first rank.

Keywords

Violence, Female, Physical, Verbal, Economical, Emotional Etc.

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Vinod Kumari ¹, Harvinder ¹, Mahak ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana and Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Health is a main determinant of human development as it has social and economic relationship with the quality of life. The right of health is the most basic of all human rights. Women are the pillars of Indian society and always have unique position in family as they are very personification of moral force that binds the family together. Women empowerment plays a major role: their agency and ability to take the best decisions in terms of nutrition for the family, women responsibilities include cooking, cleaning and taking cares children. The preset paper discusses various issues of women health and socio-economic factors affecting it. Various studies revealed that hygiene and nutrition are two important factors which have direct effect on women health. Signs of stress, trepidation, and unidentified mental distress are common in women than men. Women education level, their economic status and food habits play important role in well-being of their health. These socio-cultural factors are interlinked and multidimensional and affect the health status of women. Women health services must be seen beyond their availability as it relies on social status, cultural setting and the attitude of a society.

Keywords

Socio-Economic, Women Health, Economic Status, Well-being.

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Amita Mor ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ², Rashmi Tyagi ³, Vinod Kumari ⁴

Affiliations
1 Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Sociology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, CCS HAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN
2 Assistant Scientist, Department of Sociology College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, CCS HAU, Hisar Haryana, IN
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, CCS HAU, Hisar Haryana, IN
4 Professor & Head, Department of Sociology College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, CCS HAU, Hisar Haryana, IN

Abstract

The present study was carried out in the Hisar and Nuh districts of Haryana state in 2020 among 256 aged women living in urban and rural areas. The objectives of the study were to know the nature and extent of social problems faced by elderly women and to know the nature and extent social problems among the elderly women along with socio-economic factors associated with social problems. Twelve types of social problems were explored. The results made it abundantly evident that Hisar (65.60 percent) and Nuh (40.60 percent) districts had the 'medium' level of social difficulties among the majority of elderly women living in urban areas The extent of social problems was found 'medium' among most of the elderly women living in the rural area of Hisar (57.80%) and Nuh districts (35.90%). The overall extent of social problems was 'high' for 12.50 and 42.20 per cent in Hisar and Nuh districts, respectively. The findings stated that the percentage of status of relationships of the respondents with family members was 'average' (41.40%). A maximum number of the respondents (45.70%) were of the view that their selfstatus, deteriorated after attaining the age of 60 years (45.70%).Highly significant association was observed between social problems and age of the aged women from a rural area (χ²=44.99**) and significant in urban areas (χ²=09.44*) while a significant association was found between the education of the respondents from rural areas and level of social problems (χ²=12.73*).

Keywords

social problems, elderly women, urban area, rural area

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Deepika ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Rashmi Tyagi ¹, Vinod Kumari ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana., IN

Abstract

The pandemic has affected every aspect of human life, including the agricultural sector. Farmers are the essential components of the food supply chain and play a crucial role in ensuring food security for millions of people worldwide. However the pandemic has severely impacted the health and well-being of the farmers, exacerbating existing challenges they already face. The pandemic has a significant impact on the health of farming families in rural areas of Haryana. The study highlights the impact of COVID-19 on physical and mental health of the farming households. Furthermore, it examine the changes in health seeking behaviour, access to healthcare facilities and the availability of essential medicines and vaccines. The situation overall point towards greater investment in rural healthcare infrastructure to ensure that rural households have access to quality healthcare services. By prioritizing the health and well- being of rural families, we can build a more resilient healthcare system that can withstand future challenges such as pandemics.

Keywords

Health and Well-Being, Mental Health, Healthcare Facilities, Quality Health Services.

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Amita Mor ¹, Jatesh Kathpalia ¹, Vinod Kumari ², Rashmi Tyagi ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana ., IN
2 Department of Sociology, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted on the bases of cultural zone Hisar from Bagar and Nuh from Ahirwati. Asample of 64 old-aged women from urban and rural areas of each district was taken to make a total sample size of 256 oldaged women respondents. The objectives of the study were to know the nature of psychological problems and the level of psychological problems along with socio-economic factors associated with psychological problems. The psychological problems among elderly women were found significantly (p ≤0.01, Z = 7.69) higher in rural areas (40.45). The level of association was found 'high' among the elderly women having 'large' family size (47.8%) in urban areas. In rural areas, a significant association was found among the elderly women having 'small' family size (34.4%) with a Chi-square statistic 2 = 49.52 at = 0.01 level. The level of association between age and geriatric scale was found 'high' (53.7%) among the elderly women having 'large' family size living in rural areas.

Keywords

psychological problems, social problems, aged women, rural areas, urban areas

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