Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing

Deepika Vig ¹, I. J. S. Jaswal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study was an attempt to understand the role of social maturity of parents in determining quality of parent-child relationships. The total sample comprised of 400 respondents (100 of each mothers, fathers sons and daughters) selected purposely from four zones of Ludhiana city. Parent-Child Relationship scale by Sharma and Chauhan (2002) was used to assess the quality of parent-teen relationship as perceived by mothers and fathers. Social Adjustment Inventory by Deva (1990) was administered to assess social maturity of the parents. The results of the study revealed that majority of mothers and fathers were socially mature. Both socially mature mothers and fathers were having good marital relations had less conflicts in their lives. Socially mature mothers and fathers showed better emotional stability and consistency in their thoughts and actions and had significantly more realistic expectations from their sons and daughters.

Keywords

Social Maturity, Parent-Child Relationship, Realistic Role Expectations

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Navjot Kukreja ¹, Sarita Saini ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to analyse the relationship between intellectual abilities, metacognitive skills and academic performance of rural adolescents (13-16 years). The study was conducted in Government schools in villages of Ludhiana-I Block. The final sample comprised 240 rural school-going adolescents (N=240) studying in grade 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th. The subjects were equally distributed across both the genders (Males=120 and Females=120) and all the grades. To assess the metacognitive skills of the adolescents, a Self-Structured Metacognitive Questionnaire adapted from Metacognition Inventory (Govil 2003) and Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (Schraw&Dennison 1994) was used. Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (Raven 1960) was used to assess the intellectual abilities of the selected subjects, whereas the academic performance was assessed through aggregate percentage of marks/ grades obtained by the subject in the last school examination substantiated by teacher ratings. It was found that majority of the adolescents had an 'Average' level of metacognition. 'Above Average' and 'Average' level of Intellectual Abilities and Grade A' and 'Grade B' level of Academic Performance. However, gender differentials were found to be non-significant in distribution across the various levels of Intellectual Abilities, Metacognition as well as Academic Performance. Further, the subjects were found to be reasonably well in their Procedural skills, Declarative Knowledge, Evaluation, Comprehension, Monitoring and Planning aspects, but were quite weak in some of the learning strategies like Conditional Knowledge, Debugging and Information Management Strategies.

Keywords

Metacognitive Skills, Knowledge of Cognition, Regulation of Cognition, Academic Performance, Intellectual Abilities.

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Rupinder Kaur Grewal ¹, Deepika Vig ¹, Sarita Saini ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Visual perceptual skills play an important role in learning how to form letters. These skills are also important for copying, sizing, spacing and orienting letters and words correctly. The present study aimed to ascertain the contribution of visual perception in determining the quality of handwriting. The total sample for the study comprised of 160 public school children studying in grade 3 and 4. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices was administered to ascertain intellectual abilities of the children. They were further evenly distributed across the categories of good and poor writers (English language) viz. children with good handwriting (n=80) and poor handwriting (n=80) by administering handwriting test by Lilley (2006). The visual perception test was also administered on the same sample. The results revealed that sub - skills of visual perception were found significantly higher among students with good handwriting. It signifies that children with good handwriting had better visual perceptual skills in contrast to children with poor handwriting.

Keywords

Visual Perception, Visual Discrimination, Visual Closure, Visual Motor Integration, Position in Space And Visual Analysis, Good Handwriting, Poor Handwriting

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Sarita Saini ¹, Deepika Vig ¹, Harleen Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

This study was conducted to assess the perceptions of adolescents regarding the prevalence of various Psycho-Social Morbidities, viz.. Depression, Attention and Thought Problems, Somatic Complaints, Aggression, Delinquent Behaviour, Social Problems and Withdrawn Behaviour in the present day society. The study was based upon the sample of 200 adolescents (100 boys and 100 girls) drawn equally from randomly selected Senior Secondary Schools of Ludhiana City. The Socio-economic Status Scale by Sharma (2010) was administered to ascertain the middle socio-economic status of the sample adolescents. Thereafter, a self- structured questionnaire in Punjabi vernacular adapted from Youth Self Report (YSR) Inventory by Achenbach (2001) was administered to the sampled adolescents to obtain the information pertaining to their perceptions regarding prevalent psycho-social morbidities. The results revealed that 'Social Problems' followed by 'Attention and Thought Problems' were the major threat to the psychological well-being of the youth in contemporary society whereas, 'Aggression and Delinquent Behaviour' were perceived as the least existent. Also, significant gender differences were observed in 'Aggression and Delinquent Behaviour' dimension of psycho-social morbidities with significantly more number of boys experiencing 'average' and 'high' level of'Aggression and Delinquent Behaviour' as compared to their female counterparts. These trends call for an urgent attention towards preserving the physical and psychological well-being of youth through the resolution of the sporadic struggle and mental conflicts which adolescents reportedly face in the present day society.

Keywords

Adolescents, Psycho-Social, Physical and Mental Wellbeing, Morbidities.

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Deepika Vig ¹, J. S. Jaswal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, College of Home Science, PAU, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

The present study was an attempt to explore the inter relationship between type of values parents have and its impact on their relationship with teenaged sons and daughters. Families for the present study were purposively selected from four zones of Ludhtana city. These families were nuclear families from middle and upper-middle class where both parents were at least graduate and were working and had one teenaged son and teenaged daughter between 13-19 years of age. The target sample in each family was father, mother, son and daughter. Thus, the present study was based upon a total sample size of 400 respondents (100 of each fathers, mothers, sons&daughters). A self constructed socio-demographic questionnaire was used to identify families that fulfilled the inclusion criteria set for the present study. Socio-Economic Scale (Bhardwaj, 2001) was used to identify families with middle and upper middle socio-economic status. Relationship of teenage sons and daughters with their parents was assessed by using Parent Child Relationship Scale by Sharma and Chuahan (2002). The results of the study revealed that parents who gave value to love, empathy, cooperativeness, tolerance, flexibility, commitment, scientific thinking, mutual understanding and showed expression of fondness and devoted attachment towards their children, were perceived as better parents by their sons and daughters. Parents' positive attitude towards children, emotional stability consistency in their thoughts and actions presented them as sufficiently effective and inspiring models for their children to follow.

Keywords

Positive Values, Strong Family Bonds, Teenagers.

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Deepika Vig ¹, I. J. S. Jaswal ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, COHSc, PAU, Ludhiana, IN
2 Department of Human Development, COHSc, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

The present study investigated relationship of social maturity of parents with parental relationship with their teenage sons and daughters. Families for the present study were selected from four zones of Ludhiana city. Only nuclear families from middle and upper-middle class where both working parents were at least graduate and had one teenaged son and daughter were purposively selected for the present study. The total sample comprised of 400 respondents (100 of each fathers, mothers, sons and daughters). Each selected teenaged son and daughter was examined separately for his/her relationship with parents. Various levels of social maturity of the parents were assessed and it was found that.

Keywords

Social Maturity, Family Relationships, Parents, Teenagers.

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Deepika Vig ¹, Sumandeep Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

The present research study investigated the impact of an intervention programme designed to enhance the knowledge levels of parents regarding management of learning difficulties among elementary school children across various educational levels. The study was carried out in 15 urban Private schools of Ludhiana City. From each school, 3rd and 4th class children facing problems in reading, writing and mathematics were randomly selected. The total sample consisted of300 students. Parents of these selected students constituted the total sample of the parents .The parents were given intervention on various aspects of learning difficulties among children. Pre and post-intervention knowledge scores were assessed across two educational levels. The results indicated that intervention significantly improved the overall knowledge scores of the parents from poor to good level across all educational levels. However, after getting intervention, graduate and post- graduate parents were found to have significantly better comprehension and application skills as compared to parents with education up to matric and middle. Highly educated parents were better able to utilize the gained knowledge for solving day to day problems faced by their children.

Keywords

Intervention, Knowledge, Comprehension, Application, Learning Difficulties, Graduate, Post-Graduate.

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Deepika Vig ¹, Jaskeerat Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

India has earned a notorious global reputation for hypocritical piety and institutionalised neglect of the poor and disadvantaged. It has been estimated that 90 percent of India's estimated 40 million children aged 4-16 years with physical and mental disabilities are out of school and majority of them are out of schools not out of choice but because callous school managements and over-anxious parents of abled children in a travesty of humanity and social justice have consistently discouraged them from entering the nation's classrooms. Education is a fundamental human right of every child. Governments across the globe are deliberating on workable policies and practices to make education for all a reality within 2015. It is also an attempt to provide an opportunity for improving human capabilities of all children. It's time that government agencies as well as mainstream institutions woke up to the reality that segregation of children is morally unjustifiable and a violation of human rights. Special schools are dead ends for special needs children. They promote isolation, alienation and social exclusion. It is this dominant attitude of exclusion which needs to be changed to build harmomous and compassionate societies. The inclusion of disabled children in to main-stream schools will inevitably result in their acceptance into society and also within their own families many of whom still hide away children with disabilities. If all children grow up together there is less likelihood of resistance towards and ostracism of the disabled.

Keywords

Inclusive Education, Children with Special Needs.

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Jaskeerat Kaur ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, PAU, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

Adolescence is defined as the stage of life when individuals reach sexual maturity and experience a change in their physical, social, and emotional aspects of life. In order to effectively deal with this transition, they require information and a clear picture of their bodily changes to prevent them from physical problems, guilt, ambiguity, and confusion. There are many health concerns that adolescents have to face during their adolescence. For example: precocious puberty, eating disorders, sexually transmitted diseases, teenage pregnancies and mental health problems. Here are some facts and fallacies about adolescents' health concerns.

Keywords

Adolescents Health Concern.

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Satinder Kaur ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, PAU, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

A selfie is a self-portrait photograph of oneself, taken with camera or a camera phone held at arm's length or pointed at a mirror that is usually shared through social media. Though people were fond of taking photographs of their own and others since many decades, with selfie camera it has lead to an extreme effect. Selfies became a very interesting topic for researchers to study and examine the cause since 2012, as the rate of usage of selfie has reportedly increased many fold. The extent of selfie addiction can be well judged from the fact that many deaths have been reported in India due to increasing obsession of taking selfies in general public. Infact, India has witnessed highest number of selfie deaths in recent years. A strong relationship has been found between selfie addiction and various mental health issues like poor self esteem, narcissism, loneliness and depression. Addiction with selfie in youth, especially teenagers and mental health issues are on the rise as many psychiatrists are seeing number of parents coming with the same complaint. Therefore, it is right time to sensitize parents, teachers and educators about the alarming increase in selfie addiction and its deteriorating impact on mental health of adolescents.

Keywords

Selfie, Social Media, Mental Health.

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Lata Sati ¹, Deepika Vig ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, PAU, Ludhiana, IN
2 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, Punjab Agriculture University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Learning disability is a disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or do mathematical calculations, including conditions such as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia. Learning disability does not include learning problems that are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities, of mental retardation, of emotional disturbance, or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage. These children have needs just like any other child and in addition have a specific need but we do not have systems to deal with these specific needs thus turning them into disabilities. In government policies this disability has no place, i.e., it is not recognized as disability and hence no benefits for the sufferers. Learning disability becomes evident when child enters an educational institution which practices uniform structures of instruction and evaluation but sometimes it is underestimated under the ground that child is lazy, not interested in studies etc. Parents are not accepting this hard truth and at the same time lack of quality researches due to lack of support from organization, parents etc. In absence of research the necessary focus which this disability should get in policy making and intervention are not present. Social acceptance is also lacking. We are using majority of assessment and recommendations given by foreign researches. How much they are suitable in Indian context is of great question.

Keywords

Learning Disability, Policy, Parents Denial.

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Deepika Vig ¹, I. J. S. Jaswal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development, PAU, Ludhiana, IN

Abstract

The present study investigated gender differences in the perception of teenage sons and daughters regarding relationship with their parents. Families for the present study were selected from four zones of Ludhiana city. Only those adolescents (13-19 years of age) were selected who belonged to nuclear and upper- middle class families, where both working parents were at least graduate. The total sample comprised of 400 respondents (100 of each fathers, mothers, sons and daughters). A self structured checklist was used to identify families that fulfilled the selection criteria. Relationship of teenage sons and daughters with their parents was assessed by using Parent child relationships scale by Rao (2001). Each selected adolescent was examined separately for his/her relationship with father and mother across three levels often dimensions of parenting. The results revealed that sons perceived their fathers significantly more in different in attitude, more physically punishing whereas mothers were perceived as more demanding in nature. Daughters perceived their fathers to less punishing and mothers to more symbolically rewarding. The overall results showed significant differences in the perception of sons and daughters regarding relationship with their parents that in turn indicates that family relationships are perceived differently by sons and daughters.

Keywords

Parent-Child Relationship, Gender Differences.

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Gagandeep Kaur ¹, Sarita Saini ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to examine the learning styles and metacognitive skills of rural adolescents. The sample for the study comprised 200 rural school going adolescents (grade 9th & 10th) randomly drawn from the selected Government Senior Secondary Schools of the selected village of Ludhiana-1 Block. The subjects were equally distributed across both the grades (grade 9th =100 & grade 10th =100) as well as genders (males= 100 & females =100). VAK Learning Styles Self Assessment Questionnaire (Chislett & Chapman, 2005) and Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (Schraw & Dennison, 1994) were used to collect data. Results of this research indicated that the major proportion of sample adolescents had an average level of metacognition with a preference for Visual and Kinaesthetic leaming style.

Keywords

Metacognition, Learning Styles, Rural Adolescents.

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Lata Sati ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study aims to assess the influence of academic anxiety on self-esteem of learning disabled children. The total sample for the present study consistedofSO learning disabled children. The sample was selected from remedial centers / schools with remedial services m Ludhiana, Chandigarh, and Khanna. Only those children were selected who belonged to intact families and hadbeen formally diagnosed as learning disabled by a certified psychologist or remedial educationist and had been taking remediation for a period of at least 6 months. Cooper smith Inventories (School Form) by Cooper smith (1981) was used to assess self-esteem of learning disabled children. Academic Anxiety Scale by Smgh and Gupta (2009) was used to assess levels of academic anxiety among children. Results reflected that children with learning disability were found to be academically either highly anxious or less anxious. The learning disabled children who were having high self-esteem were found to have low academic anxiety in contrast to children having medium self-esteem.

Keywords

Self-Esteem, Learning Disabled Children and Academic Anxiety.

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Satinder Kaur ¹, Deepika Vig ¹, Sarita Saini ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, PAU, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to explore the mental health status of rural and urban adolescents with selfie addition. The total sample composed of 360 adolescents studying in 10th, 11th and 12th standard from rural and urban schools of Ludhiana district identified with different levels of selfie addiction and equally divided across two locales i.e. rural and urban. Self-structured Selfie Addiction checklist and Mental Health Battery (Singh & Gupta, 2000) was used to collect the data. The combined picture of mental health status of rural and urban adolescents showed that adolescents with chronic level of selfie addiction were having poor mental health status which indicates that they were having issues with certain aspects of mental health. The results indicated that within borderline and acute level of selfie addiction, urban adolescents had better mental health as compared to rural adolescents. It was found that all the rural urban adolescents with chrome selfie addiction were found to have low level of mental health. It was further found that as the seventy of selfie addiction increased from borderline to acute the percentage of adolescents with high intelligence decreased. Urban adolescents were having better emotional stability than rural adolescents whereas rural adolescents were having better intelligence than their urban counterparts. Urban adolescents were more independent, self-determined in thinking and had greater sense of security as compared to rural adolescents.

Keywords

Adolescents, Selfie Addiction, Self-Esteem.

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Hijam Laxmi Chanu ¹, Deepika Vig ¹, Sarita Saini ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development & Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study is an attempt to evaluate the impact of intervention programme in remediating visual perception skills of urban school children with poor handwriting. The total sample consisted of 60 children of grade 3 from the public schools of Ludhiana city with average or above average intellectual abilities. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (Raven, 1965) was used to assess the intellectual abilities of the children. Occupational Therapy Screening Test (Lilley, 2006) Set A and Set B were used to assess handwriting and different sub-skills of visual perception respectively. An individualized need-based remedial intervention programme based on multisensory, visuo-motor integration and cognitive approaches was developed to improve handwriting legibility of children. Efficacy of the developed programme was assessed by comparing pre and post-intervention scores of the children. Pre-intervention scores revealed that more than half of the children with poor handwriting skills were found to have poor visual perception followed by average and good level. However, after intervention, significant improvement was found in this skill. The results also revealed that before intervention, out of all the sub-skills of visual perception 'Visual Motor Integration' followed by 'Visual Discrimination' were found to be the poorest among such children. However, after receiving intervention, these sub-skills became the strongest skills of such children. It was further found that significant improvement in the mean scores of children was observed during post-intervention assessment across all the levels and sub-skills of visual perception.

Keywords

Visual Perception, Visual Discrimination, Visual Motor Integration, Intervention.

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Parvinder Kaur ¹, Sarita Saini ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study intends to investigate the interplay among metacognition, learning environment and selfregulation as determinant of adolescent academic achievement. Metacognition, self-regulation and favourable learning environment are being acknowledged to have potential impact on the academic achievement of learners. Therefore, it is worthwhile to investigate these components in educational context and explore their contribution towards the academic performance of adolescents. The statistical population of this research consisted of 400 respondents (equally distributed over gender & locale) drawn trom randomly selected Government Senior Secondary Schools of urban and rural areas ofLudhiana and Moga districts ofPunjab. Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (Schraw & Dennison, 1994); Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (Rolf et al., 1997); and Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Brown et al., 1999) were used to collect the relevant information from the respondents as per the objectives of the study. The results revealed that metacognition, self-regulation and perceptions pertaining to overall learning environment were significantly positively contributing towards the academic achievement of respondents.

Keywords

Adolescents, Academic Achievement, Learning Environment, Metacognition, Self-Regulation.

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Jasmeen Kaur ¹, Asha Chawla ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to assess the association of aggression and family environment among rural and urban adolescents. A total sample of 240 adolescents (120 rural & 120 urban) in the age range of 16-18 years was randomly drawn from four Government Senior Secondary Schools of rural and urban area of Ludhiana district. Aggression Scale by Mathur and Bhatnagar (1995) and Family Environment Scale by Bhatia and Chadha (1993) were used to measure the aggression and family environment of the adolescents. The results revealed that both rural and urban adolescents had average level of aggression. Urban adolescents showed high level of aggression as compared to rural adolescents. The results also demonstrated that family environment affected aggressive behaviour of adolescents. Perception levels for various dimensions of family environment were different in urban and rural respondents. Significant locale differences in mean scores were found in expressiveness, conflict, independence, active-recreational orientation and control dimension of family environment. Aggression had negative but significant correlation with cohesion and acceptance and caring in urban adolescents.

Keywords

Adolescents, Aggression and Family Environment.

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Parul Kalia ¹, Sarita Saini ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Community Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Family caregivers have played an important role in our society for granting care to the aged. They are playing crucial role in our care system by providing a significant quantity of health and long-term care for the aged person, chronically ill and disabled. The act of care-giving is not an easy task and can become more tedious when one is caring for a family member who is solely depending on the primary caregiver for everything. This situation could be the reason for many challenges which can affect the quality of life of the primary caregivers. The present research has made an attempt to assess the burden of stress among the family caregivers across varying stages of adulthood who were primarily responsible for care of dependent elderly. The sample included 60 families of primary caregivers who were taking care of the dependent elderly in their family from the Ludhiana city. The Zarit Burden Interview developed by Zarit et al. (1980) was used to measure the burden of stress on caregivers. The results reflected a major proportion of primary caregivers experiencing severe level of stress along with statistically significant differences between primary caregivers of young and middle adulthood stage.

Keywords

Primary Caregivers, Caregiver Burden, Dependent Elderly.

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Satinder Kaur ¹, Deepika Vig ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Nowadays, taking selfies and posting them to social media is a major trend. However, photos may seem harmless, if used carelessly, they can have devastating repercussions on psychological heath of individuals. The present study is based on the comparative analysis of perceived Loneliness among selfie addicts and non-selfie addicts youth of Punjab. In this study, 500 young adults of 19-21 years were surveyed by using Self-Structured Selfie Addiction Checklist and Loneliness Inventory. A complete list of all the districts falling under three cultural regions of Punjab, viz., Majha, Malwa and Doaba was prepared. For equal representation of the sample from all cultural regions, proportionate numbers of districts were selected in the ratio of approximately 1:1:3 from Majha, Doaba, and Malwa region respectively. Amritsar district from Majha and Jalandhar district from Doaba region and Ludhiana, Moga and Patiala from Malwa region were purposively selected. The colleges and universities were chosen randomly for data collection to complete the sample. Survey results indicated that non-significantly majority of young adults had medium level of loneliness irrespective of their addiction in Majha, Malwa, and Doaba region respectively. Moreover, significantly more number of non-addicts had high level of loneliness which highlights that addicts keep them engaged by clicking, editing and posting selfies on social media. Further, significantly higher number of addicted males in comparison to non-addict males, had medium level of loneliness whereas more number of addicted females were found in low level of loneliness which shows that addicted females feel less lonely and isolated as compared to addicted males.

Keywords

selfie, selfie addition, loneliness, Punjab and youth.

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