Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

Omar-Althani Shareef Saed ¹, S. M. A. AL-Kubaisi ², Jassim Mohamed Suleiman ¹, Mustafa Salah Hasan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Internal and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tikrit, ID
2 Department of Internal and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Fallujah, IQ

Abstract

To determine efficacy of DMSA in treatment of sub-chronic lead exposure in dogs, fifteen puppies aged 2-4 months from both sexes were used for experimental induction of lead toxicity. These puppies were adapted for two weeks and divided randomly to three groups , each group contain five puppies; Group 1 which was regarded as negative control; Group 2, this group was drenched 15mg/kg of lead acetate daily for sixty days; Group 3, this group was drenched 15mg/kg of lead acetate daily for sixty days then were treated with DMSA 10 mg/Kg twice daily orally for one week. These animals were clinically examined daily till the end of experiment, then whole blood, bone, liver and brain were collected for estimation the lead concentrations. The results showed presence of several signs after 15 days of exposure which included depression, diarrhea, tremor then these signs subsides after 7 days of treatment with DMSA. Also, the results presented a significant increasing in the concentrations of lead in liver, blood, bone and brain in group 2 as compared with control group, after treatment with DMSA, group 3 showed a significant decrease in lead concentrations in liver, blood, bone, and brain as compared with group 2. In conclusion, DMSA is an effective therapy for clinical cases of lead toxicity.

Keywords

DMSA, Puppies, Lead, Toxicity.

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Ahmed Sami Jarad ¹, SMA AL-Kubaisi ¹, Roua Jamal Abdulkhaliq ², Mustafa Salah Hasan ¹

Affiliations
1 University of Fallujah, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology and Poultry diseases, IQ
2 University of Fallujah, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology, IQ

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence and type of renal lesions in sheep that were slaughtered at Fallujah abattoir. A total number of 100 clinically normal sheep of different sex and age randomly selected, renal samples were taken for , bacteriological, macro and micro study. One hundred swabs were taken from cortex and medulla were cultured on blood, nutrient, and MacConkey agars, then biochemical tests were done for identification of these bacteria. Bacteriological examination of kidney revealed that (65%) of samples show positive results in bacterial isolation including (15%) Bacillus, (10%) Escherichia coli, (11%) Klebsiella, (18%) Staphylococcus, (8%) streptococcus, (3%) Corynebacterium spp., (3%) pseudomonas aeruginosa, (1%) Salmonella and (1%) Proteus. Pathological study showed that 24 (24%) and 38 (38%) gave positive results in macroscopic and microscopic lesions respectively, the results of gross pathology were renal hemorrhage 8%, pale kidneys 4%, enlarged kidneys 4% white spotted kidneys 3%, renal fibrosis 2% , pigmented kidney 2% and renal cyst 1%. Meanwhile the microscopic lesion were nephritis 24 % (interstitial nephritis 9%, glomerulonephritis 6%, tubular nephritis 5%, and pyelonephritis 4%) nephrosis 5%, kidney fibrosis 3%, infarcted kidneys (2%), amyloidosis 2% hemosiderosis 2%. From the presented study, it was concluded that most kidneys are infected with many gram negative and gram positive bacteria and many kidney problems such as renal hemorrhage and interstitial nephritis are the most common renal lesions in sheep.

Keywords

Kidney, sheep, bacteria, pathological

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