Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Saliva - an Alternative Matrix for Forensic Analysis


Affiliations
1 Deptt. of Physiology, Saraswati Institute of Medical Sciences, NH-24, Anwarpur, Hapur, U.P 245 304, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Saliva can be of forensic significance because traces of drugs that are circulating in the body can be present in saliva. The composition of the saliva accurately mirrors the proteins that are present in both the blood and the urine. Thus, testing of saliva, which is easier and less obtrusive than obtaining a blood or urine sample, can be used for forensic analysis. Promising preliminary research results have shown that aberrant genetic material (deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA) and the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that helps process the genetic information into a protein from cells can also be detected in saliva. This review evaluates the use of saliva for forensic analysis.

Keywords

Saliva, Collection of Saliva, Saliva Detection, Salivary RNA, Wild Life Forensics
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Mese, H. and Matsuo, R. (2007). Salivary secretion, taste and hyposalivation. J Oral Rehabil, 34(10), 711-23.

  • Spielman, A.I. (1990). Interaction of saliva and taste. J Dent Res, 69(3), 838-843.

  • Boron, W.F. and Boulpaep, E.L. Medical Physiology: A cellular and molecular approach. Saunders (Elsevier Science), Philadelphia, 2003, pp. 908-29.

  • Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. Textbook of Medical Physiology, 10th ed. Philadelphia, Saunders, 2000, pp. 739-42.

  • Johnson, L.R., ed. Essential Medical Physiology, 3rd ed. San Diego, Elsevier Academic Press, 2003, pp. 499-502.

  • Kaufman, E. and Lamster, I.B. (2002). The diagnostic applications of saliva–A review. Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, 13(2), 197-212.

  • Nieuw Amerongen, A., Bolscher, J.G.M., and Veerman, E.C.I. (2004). Salivary proteins: Protective and diagnostic value in cariology? Caries Research, 38, 247-253.

  • Thie, N.M., Kato, T., Bader, G., Montplaisir, J.Y., and Lavigne, G.J. (2002). The significance of saliva during sleep and the relevance of oromotor movements. Sleep Med Rev, 6(3), 213-27.

  • Lee, V.M. and Linden, R.W. (1992). An olfactorysumandibular salivary reflex in humans. Exp Physiol, 77, 221-224.

  • Garrett, J.R. (1987). The proper role of nerves in salivary secretion: A review. J Dent Res, 66(2), 387-397.

  • Rohleder, N., Wolf, J.M. Maldonado, E.F., and Kirschbaum, C. (2006). The psychosocial stress-induced increase in salivary alpha-amylase is independent of saliva flow rate. Psychophysiology, 43 (6), 645-52.

  • Vining, R.F., McGinley, R.A. and Symons, R.G. (1983). Hormones in saliva: Mode of entry and consequent implications for clinical interpretation. Clin Chem, 29(10), 1752-56.

  • Embery, G. and Waddington, R. (1994). Gigival crevicular fluid: Biomarkers of periodontal tissue activity. Adv Dent Res, 8(2), 329-36.

  • Mostov, K.E. (1994). Transepithelial transport of immunoglobulins. Annu Rev Immunol, 12, 63-84.

  • Proctor, G.B., Carpenter, G.H., Anderson, L.C. and Garrett, J.R. (2000). Nerve-evoked secretion of immunoglobulin A in relation to other proteins by parotid glands in anaesthetized rat. Experimental Physiology, 85(5), 511-518.

  • Kugler, J., Hess, M., and Haake, D. (1992). Secretion of salivary immunoglobulin A in relation to age, saliva flow, mood states, secretion of albumin, cortisol, and catecholamines in saliva. J Clin Immunol, 12(1), 45-9.

  • Navazash H.Methods for collecting saliva. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993 : 694: 72-77

  • Hold KM.de Boer D.Zuidema J.Maes RAA. Saliva as an Analytical Tool in Toxicology. Int. J of Drug Testing 1995: 1(1): 1-36.

  • Dams R. Choo RE,Lambert WE,Jones H.Huestis MA . Oral Fluid as an Alternative Matrix to Moitor Opiate and Cocaine use in Substance Abuse Treatment Patients. Drug Alcohol Depend 2007:87(2-3): 258-267.

  • Vining, R.F., McGinley, R.A., Maksvytis, J.J., and Ho, K.Y. (1983). Salivary Cortisol: a better measure of adrenal cortical function than serum cortisol. Ann Clin Biochem , 20(6), 329-35.

  • Read, G.F. (1993). Status report on measurement of salivary estrogens and androgens. Saliva as a diagnostic fluid, ed. Daniel Malamud and Lawrence Tabak. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 694, 146-160.

  • Ellison, P. (1993). Measurements of salivary progesterone. Saliva as a diagnostic fluid, ed. Daniel Malamud and Lawrence Tabak. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 694, 161-76.

  • Sweet D, Lorente J A, Lorente M, Valenzuela A, Villanueva E. PCR-based typing of DNA from saliva recovered from human skin. J Forensic Sci 1997; 42: 447-451.20

  • Sweet D, Hildebrand D P. Saliva from cheese bite yields DNA profile of burglar: a case report Intl J Legal Med 1999; 112: 201-203.

  • Sweet D, Lorente J A, Lorente M, Valenzuela A, Villanueva E. An improved method to recover saliva from human skin: the double swab technique. J Forensic Sci 1997; 42: 320-322.

  • Sweet D, Hildebrand D P. Saliva from cheese bite yields DNA profile of burglar: a case report Intl J Legal Med 1999; 112: 201-203.

  • Sweet D, Shutler G G. Analysis of salivary DNA evidence from a bitemark on a submerged body. J Forensic Sci 1999; 44: 1069-1072.

  • Blooms, M. 2005, Testing for Saliva (Amylase), Issue #4, Forensic Biology Evidence Testing Manual, Forensic Biology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA.

  • Carlesso, J., Silenieks, E., Henry, J. 2005, The SALIgAE® Test for the Forensic Identification of Saliva Forensic Science, SA.

  • Rapid Stain Identification of Human Saliva (RSID®-Saliva) – Technical Information Sheets (June 2006), Independent Forensics.

  • Li Y, Zhou X, St John MA, Wong DT. RNA profiling of cellfree saliva using microarray technology. J Dent Res. 2004;83(3):199–203.

  • Juusola J, Ballantyne J. Messenger RNA profiling: a prototype method to supplant conventional methods for body fluid identification. Forensic Sci Int. 2003;135(2):85–96. 33. Nussbaumer C, Gharehbaghi-Schnell E, Korschineck I. Messenger RNA profiling: a novel method for body fluid identification by Real-Time PCR. Forensic Sci Int. 2006;157(23):181–6.

  • Park NJ, Li Y, Yu T, Brinkman BM, Wong DT. Characterization of RNA in saliva. Clin Chem. 2006;52(6):988–94.

  • Noh Jin Park, Xiaofeng Zhou,Tianwei Yu, Brigitta M.N. Brinkman, Bernard Zimmerman, Visu Palaniswamy, and David T. Wong Characterization of Salivary RNA by cDNA Library Analysis. Arch Oral Biol. 2007 January: 52(1): 30-35.

  • Karem M. Blejwas, Christen L. Williams, Gary T. Shin, Dale R. McCullough, and Michael M. Jaeger. Salivary DNA Evidence Convicts Breeding Male Coyotes of Killing Sheep. Journal of Wildlife Management 70(4):1087-1093. 2006

  • Dmitry Zubakov, Eline Hanekamp,Mieke Kokshoorn, Wilfred van IJcken, and Manfred Kayser Stable RNA markers for identification of blood and saliva stains revealed from whole genome expression analysis of timewise degraded samples. J of Forensic Science.2008

  • Jess.Acoustic Differential Extraction for Forensic Analysis of Sexual Assault Evidence. Analytical Chemistry. 2009 July.

  • Scott, Seddon. Did the DNA come from saliva?an investigation into the detection of saliva in forensic case work using Rapid Stain Identification of Human Saliva, Victoria Police Forensic Services Department, Austraila.


Abstract Views: 265

PDF Views: 0




  • Saliva - an Alternative Matrix for Forensic Analysis

Abstract Views: 265  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Shobitha Muthukrishnan
Deptt. of Physiology, Saraswati Institute of Medical Sciences, NH-24, Anwarpur, Hapur, U.P 245 304, India

Abstract


Saliva can be of forensic significance because traces of drugs that are circulating in the body can be present in saliva. The composition of the saliva accurately mirrors the proteins that are present in both the blood and the urine. Thus, testing of saliva, which is easier and less obtrusive than obtaining a blood or urine sample, can be used for forensic analysis. Promising preliminary research results have shown that aberrant genetic material (deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA) and the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that helps process the genetic information into a protein from cells can also be detected in saliva. This review evaluates the use of saliva for forensic analysis.

Keywords


Saliva, Collection of Saliva, Saliva Detection, Salivary RNA, Wild Life Forensics

References