A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Sasdhar, Ponnaluru Srinivasa
- A Note on Air Pollutant Levels in Select Indian Cities
Authors
1 Department of studies and research in Economics, V.S.K University, Ballari-583105, IN
2 Department of Economics, Vijayanagara Srikrishnadevaraya University, Jnana Sagara Campus, Bellary, Karnataka, 583105, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Economics and Development, Vol 7, No 7 (2019), Pagination: 1-5Abstract
Objectives: Air pollution has become a serious problem in India. Seven out of top ten most polluted cities in the World in 2018 are Indian Cities (World Air Quality Ranking report). PM2.5 stands for Particulate Matter measuring 2.5 microns or less in diameter suspended in air. PM2.5 can cause significant negative health impacts such as Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD), and Lung cancer. The objective of this study is to estimate trends and patterns of Particulate Matter 2.5 Concentration levels in Indian cities.
Methods: We consider an Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model to explain the variability of particulate matter (PM2.5) levels across six different cities in India, using the daily observation data provided by the Central Pollution Control Board of India.
Findings: Results from our model indicate that statistically significant differences exist in pollutant levels between Bangalore, Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, Vijayawada, and Vishakhapatnam. Seasonality in pollutant levels is also significant. Mean levels of pollutants are generally higher during winter months and lower around the monsoon season for all the south Indian cities.
Applications: Results from our model could be useful for understanding and predicting the air pollutant trends and patterns of south Indian cities.
Keywords
Air Pollution in India, ARIMA Model, Trends and Patterns of PM2.5 Levels.Full Text
References
- G.D. Thurston. Ischemic heart disease mortality and long-term exposure to source-related components of U.S fine particle air pollution. Environmental Health Perspectives. 2016; 124(6), 785-94.
- Hackmann. Ambient air pollution and pregnancy outcomes—a study of functional form and policy implications. Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health. 2017; 10, 129-137.
- R.D. Peng, H.H. Chang, M.L. Bell. Coarse particulate matter air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases among Medicare patients. JAMA. 2008; 299(18), 2172–2179.
- A.T. DeGaetano, O.M. Doherty. Temporal, spatial and meteorological variations in hourly PM2.5 concentration extremes in New York City. Atmospheric Environment. 2004; 38, 1547–1558.
- M. Mohan, A. Kandya. An analysis of the annual and seasonal trends of air quality index of Delhi. Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2007; 131, 267-277.
- A. Kulshrestha, G. Satsangi, J. Masih, A. Taneja. Metal concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 particles and seasonal variations in urban and rural environment of Agra, India. The Science of the total environment. 2009; 407, 6196–6204.
- S. Bathmanabhan,S.N. Saragur Madanayak. Analysis and interpretation of particulate matter – PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 emissions from the heterogeneous traffic near an urban roadway. Atmospheric Pollution Research. 2010; 1, 184-194.
- S. Tiwari, D.M. Chate, A.K. Srivastaua, D.S. Bisht, B. Padmanabhamurty. Assessments of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in Delhi at different mean cycles. Geofizika. 2012; 29(2), 125-141.
- R. Pal, S. Chowdhury, S. Dey, A. Sharma. 18-Year Ambient PM2.5 exposure and night light trends in Indian Cities. Aerosol and Air Quality Research. 2018; 18, 2332–2342.
- S. K. Sahu, S. Harsha Kota. Significance of PM2.5 Air quality at the indian capital. Aerosol and Air Quality Research. 2017; 17, 588–597.
- DH Cusworth, L. Mickley, M. Sulprizio, T. Liu, M. Marlier, R. Defries, S. Guttikunda, P. Gupta. Quantifying the influence of agricultural fires in northwest India on urban air pollution in Delhi, India. Environmental Research Letters. 2018; 13.
- C. Venkataraman, M. Brauer. Source influence on emission pathways and ambient PM2.5 pollution over India (2015-2050). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2018; 18, 8017-8039.
- Determinants of Infant Mortality:Empirical Evidence from Hyderabad Karnataka Region
Authors
1 Department of Economics, VijayanagaraSri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Economics and Development, Vol 7, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 1-4Abstract
Objectives: The Hyderabad Karnataka region comprising of Ballari, Koppal, Bidar, Raichur, Gulbarga, Yadagiri districts in Karnataka is economically backward region in India. This study quantifies the impact of socioeconomic and maternal factors that affect infant mortality in the region.
Methods/Findings: This study finds evidence in regional imbalances in terms of Infant Mortality Rate. Family welfare data spanning over nine years from 2008 to 2016 was in IMR analyzed using regression techniques and results from our model indicate that statistically significant differences exist between Hyderabad Karnataka region and rest of Karnataka after controlling for social and economic factors.
Application: The results from our model can be used for regional planning and development.
Keywords
Infant Mortality Determinants, Hyderabad Karnataka, Regional Imbalances.Full Text
References
- Economic Survey of Karnataka, Government of Karnataka. http://karenvis.nic.in/Content/EconomicSurveyKarnataka_8184.aspx. Date accessed: 28/03/2018.
- Health Management Information System, A digital initiative under National Health Mission. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.https://www.who.int/india/news/detail/30-06-2019-mohfw-launches-new-real-time-health-management-information-system-online-portal-in-five-states. Date accessed: 30/06/2019.
- C. Lau, N. Ambalavanan, H. Chakraborty, M.S. Wingate, W.A. Carlo. Extremely low birth weight and infant mortality rates in the United States. Pediatrics. 2013; 131(5), 855–60.
- B. Antonisamy, P.S. Rao, M. Sivaram. Changing scenario of birthweight in south India. Indian Pediatric. 1994; 31(8), 931–7.
- M.R. Rosenzweig, T.P. Schultz. Consumer demand and household production: the relationship between fertility and child mortality. The American Economic Review. 1983; 73(2), 38-42.
- Socio-Economic Determinants of Anemia among the Pregnant Women in Karnataka
Authors
1 Department of Studies and Research in Economics V.S.K University, Ballari - 583105, Karnataka, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Economics and Development, Vol 7, No 11 (2019), Pagination: 1-5Abstract
Objective: To estimate various determinants of anemia among the pregnant women in the Karnataka state. The study examines differences in anemia incidence related to socio-economic, demographic and nutritional status. It is hypothesized that significant differences exist between Hyderabad Karnataka and the rest of the state in the incidence of anemia.
Methods: The National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4) provides district level cross sectional survey data on women’s socioeconomic status, maternity care, nutritional status, haemoglobin status, household and individual status. The study uses regression analysis to identify determinants of anemia among pregnant women. Hyderabad Karnataka Region and rest of the Karnataka state, a south Indian state.
Results: Our model indicates that the factors such as literacy of women, antenatal care, receiving postnatal care are significantly negative associations with incidence of anemia, while higher level of poverty, obesity (BMI≥25.0kg) and lower educational levels are positively associated with incidence of anemia. Other socio- economic factors such as consumption of alcohol, social background (SC/ST), other comorbid factors such as hypertension were not found to be significantly correlated in this study.
Keywords
Anaemia, Hyderabad Karnataka Region, Regional Imbalance, Pregnancy and Socioeconomic Analysis.Full Text
References
- A.L. Williams, W. Van Drongelen, R.E. Lasky, M. Sanderson, D. Lai, B.J. Selwyn, D.H. Wang. Guideline : Daily iron and folic acid supplementation in pregnant women. World Health Organization. 2012; 1-32.
- WHA Global Nutrition Targets 2025: https://www.spring-nutrition.org/publications/resource-review/updates/wha-global-nutrition-targets-2025-anaemia-policy-brief#:~:targetText=The%20Anaemia%20Policy%20Brief%20covers,Organization%20(WHO)%2C%202015.. Date accessed: 2015.
- Naoko Kozuki, A.C. Lee, J. Katz. Moderate to severe, but not mild, maternal anemia is associated with increased risk of small-for-gestational-age outcomes. The Journal of Nutrition Community and International Nutrition. 2012; 142(2), 358-362.
- District Level Household and Facility Survey -4. Mumbai: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, International institute for population sciences. 2013.
- International Institute for Population Sciences. 2015-16, (NFHS-4). Government of India. 2017; 1-671.
- Puttaraju, H.R. Uma. Anemia among women in Karnataka state, India: Disparities and Determinants. International Journal of Basic and Applied Research. 2018; 8(12), pp. 9.
- R. Kaul, J. Ahmad, T. Baba, S. Shoib, Ashfaq Ahmad, Mohd. Ashraf, R. Ahmad. Anaemia in Pregnant Women in a Rural Block of Kashmir Valley: Its Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Associates. International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health. 2013; 2(4), 814-818.
- S.M. Siddharam, G.M. Venketesh, H.L. Thejeshwari. A study of anemia among adolescent girls in rural area of Hassan district, Karnataka. International Journal of Biological &Medical Research. 2011; 2(4), 922 – 924.
- Puttaraju, H.R. Uma. Women malnutrition: rural-urban disparities still persist in India. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences. 2018; 8(7), 1-12.
- S.S. Ponnaluru. A note on the spatial prevalence of anemia in India. Review of Research. 2019; 8(9), 1-5.
- F.A. Mekonnen, Y.A. Ambaw, G.T. Neri. Socio-economic determinants of anemia in pregnancy in North Shoa Zone, Ethiopia. Plos One. 2018.
- A.B. Singh, S.D. Kandpal, R. Chandra, V.K. Srivastava, K.S. Negi. Anemia amongst Pregnant and Lactating Women in District Dehradun. Indian Journal of Preventive & Social Medicine. 2009; 40(1-2), 1-4.
- M.E. Bentley, P.L. Griffiths. The burden of anemia among women in India. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2003; 57, 52–60.
- M. Ali, A.F. Ngowi, N.S. Gibore. Prevalence and obstetric factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women, attending antenatal care in Unguja Island, Tanzania. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health. 2019; 6(3), 950-957.
- G.N. Ioannou, J.A. Dominitz, N.S. Weiss, P.J. Heagerty, K.V. Kowdley. The effect of alcohol consumption on the prevalence of iron overload, iron deficiency, and Iron deficiency anemia. Gastroenterology. 2004; 126(5), 1293-301.
- K. Naik, Dr. P.S. Sasdhar. Determinants of infant mortality: Empirical evidence from Hyderabad Karnataka region. Indian Journal of Economics and Development. 2019; 7(11), 1-4.
- N. Raykar, M. Mujumdar, R. Laxminarayan, P. Menon. Indian Health Report on Nutrition-2015. New Delhi, India: Public Health Foundation of India. 2015; 576.